C++调用Python的方法

C++调用Python

Python版本3.6

C++和Python类型对应表

C++	Python	FormatCode
char*	str	s
char*/Null	str/None	z
int	int	i
long	long	l
char	str	c
double	float	d
Py_Complex*	complex	D
PyObject*	(any)	O
PyStringObject*	str	S

需要Python的依赖

1. 需要包含的头文件
   #include <Python.h>
2. 需要的库
   Debug : python36.lib
   Release: python36_d.lib

C++初始调用Python的方法

初始化

Py_Initialize();
PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./Python')"); // Python是.py或.pyd所在的目录

引入模块

PyObject *pModule = PyImport_ImportModule(“test”); // 接口文件，如test.py

获取模块字典属性

1. 获取模块中的函数或类的成员函数
   PyObject *pDict = PyModule_GetDict(pModule); // 所有的类和函数都是从pDict中获取的

通过字典属性获取模块中的类

PyObject *pClass = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, “ShowInfo”); // ShowInfo是一个类

1. 如果ShowInfo构造函数有参数，以含有两个参数为例，如下：
   PyObject* cons_args = PyTuple_New(2);
   PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 0, Py_BuildValue(“s”, “hello”));
   PyTuple_SetItem(cons_args, 1, Py_BuildValue(“i”, 1));

2. 构造一个实例出来
   PyObject *pInstance = PyObject_CallObject(pClass, cons_args);

3. 调用成员函数，(i)，传入参数的类型
   有参函数的调用：
   PyObject* resultPoints = PyObject_CallMethod(pInstance, “GetPoint”, “(i)”, 100);
   无参函数的调用：
   PyObject* result = PyObject_CallMethod(pInstance, “ShowDetail”, “”, “”);

资源释放

Py_Finalize();

完整代码示例：

C++代码

#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector> 
#include <Python.h>
using namespace std;

typedef struct vec31
{
	vec31(float a, float b, float c)
	{
		x = a;
		y = b;
		z = c;
	}
	vec31()
	{
	}
	float x;
	float y;
	float z;
}vec3;

std::vector<vec3> ListToVectorFloat(PyObject *pTupleValue)
{
	std::vector<vec3> vecData;
	do
	{
		if (!pTupleValue)
		{
			break;
		}
		if (!PyList_Check(pTupleValue))
		{
			break;
		}
		vec3 stFaceNode;
		PyObject *pTupleFloat;
		int nSize = PyList_Size(pTupleValue);
		if (nSize % 3 != 0)
		{
			break;
		}
		float x, y, z;
		for (int i = 0; i < nSize; i += 3)
		{
			PyObject *Item = PyList_GetItem(pTupleValue, i);
			PyArg_Parse(Item, "f", &x);

			Item = PyList_GetItem(pTupleValue, i + 1);
			PyArg_Parse(Item, "f", &y);

			Item = PyList_GetItem(pTupleValue, i + 2);
			PyArg_Parse(Item, "f", &z);
			stFaceNode = vec3(x, y, z);
			vecData.emplace_back(stFaceNode);
		}

	} while (false);
	return vecData;
}

int main()
{
	Py_Initialize();
	PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
	PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");
	PyObject * pModule = NULL;
	PyObject * pFunc = NULL;
	pModule = PyImport_ImportModule("test");      //Test:Python文件名 
	pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "TestDict"); //Add:Python文件中的函数名 
	PyObject *pFunc1 = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "TestDictT1"); //Add:Python文件中的函数名 

  //创建参数: 
	PyObject *pArgs = PyTuple_New(1);
	PyObject *pDict = PyDict_New();   //创建字典类型变量 
	//PyDict_SetItemString(pDict, "Name", Py_BuildValue("s", "WangYao")); //往字典类型变量中填充数据 
	//PyDict_SetItemString(pDict, "Age", Py_BuildValue("i", 25));         //往字典类型变量中填充数据 
	PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs, 0, pDict);//0---序号  将字典类型变量添加到参数元组中 

  //返回值 
	PyObject *pReturn = NULL;
	// pReturn = PyEval_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);      //调用函数 
	pReturn = PyEval_CallObject(pFunc1, NULL);      //调用函数 

  //处理返回值: 
	int size = PyDict_Size(pReturn);
	cout << "返回字典的大小为: " << size << endl;
	PyObject *pData = PyDict_GetItemString(pReturn, "vertices");
	std::vector<vec3> aa = ListToVectorFloat(pData);
	PyObject *pType = PyDict_GetItemString(pReturn, "type");
	int ntype;
	PyArg_Parse(pType, "i", &ntype);
	cout << "True Age: " << ntype << endl;
	Py_Finalize();
	return 0;
}

Python代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
import random
import numpy as np
lista = list(np.ones(3*5958).astype(np.float))
def TestDict(dict):
    print(dict)
    dict["Age"] = 17
    return dict
    
def TestDictT(dict1):
    print(dict1)
    dict1["type"] = 1
    dict1["vertices"] = lista
    return dict1

def TestDictT1():
    dict1 = {}
    dict1["type"] = 0
    dict1["vertices"] = lista
    print(dict1)
    return dict1
TestDictT1()