kubernets-1.14.3 demo 实验

创建运行一个demo

1. Examples

Examples:
  # Start a single instance of nginx.
  kubectl run nginx --image=nginx
 #nginx 表示控制器的名称
 #--images=nginx  创建运行一个nginx镜像容器
  
  # Start a single instance of hazelcast and let the container expose port 5701 .
  kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --port=5701
  
  # Start a single instance of hazelcast and set environment variables "DNS_DOMAIN=cluster" and "POD_NAMESPACE=default" in the container.
  kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --env="DNS_DOMAIN=cluster" --env="POD_NAMESPACE=default"
  
  # Start a single instance of hazelcast and set labels "app=hazelcast" and "env=prod" in the container.
  kubectl run hazelcast --image=hazelcast --labels="app=hazelcast,env=prod"
  
  # Start a replicated instance of nginx.
  kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=5
  
  # Dry run. Print the corresponding API objects without creating them.
  kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --dry-run
  
  # Start a single instance of nginx, but overload the spec of the deployment with a partial set of values parsed from JSON.
  kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --overrides='{ "apiVersion": "v1", "spec": { ... } }'
  
  # Start a pod of busybox and keep it in the foreground, don't restart it if it exits.
  kubectl run -i -t busybox --image=busybox --restart=Never
  
  # Start the nginx container using the default command, but use custom arguments (arg1 .. argN) for that command.
  kubectl run nginx --image=nginx -- <arg1> <arg2> ... <argN>
  
  # Start the nginx container using a different command and custom arguments.
  kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --command -- <cmd> <arg1> ... <argN>
  
  # Start the perl container to compute π to 2000 places and print it out.
  kubectl run pi --image=perl --restart=OnFailure -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle 'print bpi(2000)'
  
  # Start the cron job to compute π to 2000 places and print it out every 5 minutes.
  kubectl run pi --schedule="0/5 * * * ?" --image=perl --restart=OnFailure -- perl -Mbignum=bpi -wle 'print bpi(2000)'

2. demo-1 nginx

kubectl run nginx-deploy --image=nginx:1.14-alpine --port=80 --replicas=1 --dry-run=true 

nginx-deploy 是我们创建 deployment 的名字
–image ： 指定使用的镜像
–port=80 ：容器暴露的端口，该端口只能在 K8S 集群中访问
-dry-run=true ： 检测语法是否错误，不会正在创建

检查deployment状态

# kubectl get deployment
NAME           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
nginx-deploy   1/1     1            1           17s

检查pods状态

# kubectl get ns
# kubectl get pods -o wide
NAME                            READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE     IP           NODE                   NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deploy-84cbfc56b6-zwzxr   1/1     Running   0          4m26s   10.244.1.2   master01.example.com   <none>           <none>

docker 服务暴露固定端口

kubectl expose

端口固定暴露给集群，但是kubelet集群外部无法访问

 #kubectl expose deployment nginx-deploy --name=nginx --port=80 --target-port=80 --protocol=TCP

这一步说是将服务暴露出去，实际上是在服务前面加一个负载均衡，因为pod可能分布在不同的结点上。
–port：暴露出去的端口
–type=NodePort：使用结点+端口方式访问服务
–target-port：容器的端口
–name：创建service指定的名称

查看服务状态

kubectl get service

端口暴露给非kube集群

端口ClusterIP改为NodePort

#kubectl edit svc nginx 
# kubectl get svc            
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        21h
nginx        NodePort    10.104.82.167   <none>        80:32356/TCP   3h9m

验证发现访问任意node所在ip的32356端口，都可以访问到nginx服务

集群服务是用bube-dns解析

# kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME       TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)         AGE
kube-dns   ClusterIP   10.96.0.10   <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP   18h

验证dns服务器解析

dig -t A nginx.default.svc.cluster.local @10.96.0.10

 kubectl run clent --image=busybox --replicas=1 --restart=Never -it

kubectl edit

kubectl edit svc nginx

或者

kubectl delete svc nginx

kubelet 副本数

生成myapp pods

kubectl run myapp --image=ikubernetes/myapp:v1 --replicas=2 
 kubectl get deployment -w
 kubectl delete deployment myapp

扩展myapp 副本数

kubectl scale --replicas=5 deployment myapp
 kubectl get pods -o wide

滚动更新

滚动更新image版本

kubectl describe pods
kubectl set image deployment myapp myapp=ikubernetes/myapp:v2

查看滚动更新状态

kubectl rollout status deployment myapp

回滚

kubectl rollout undo deployment myapp