Matplotlib实战（16）--绘制函数积分图和散点-条形图

1.函数积分图
代码如下

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon

def func(x):
    return -(x-2)*(x-8)+40

x = np.linspace(0,10)

y = func(x)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

plt.plot(x,y,'r',linewidth=2)

a=2
b=9
ax.set_xticks([a,b])
ax.set_yticks([])
ax.set_xticklabels([r'$a$',r'$b$'])

ix = np.linspace(a,b)
iy = func(ix)
ixy = zip(ix,iy)
verts=[(a,0)]+list(ixy)+[(b,0)]

poly = Polygon(verts,facecolor='0.9',edgecolor='0.5')
ax.add_patch(poly)

x_math = (a+b)*0.5
y_math = 35

plt.text(x_math,y_math,r'$\int_a^b(-(x-2)*(x-8)+40)dx$',fontsize=14,horizontalalignment='center')

plt.figtext(0.97,0.05,'$x$')
plt.figtext(0.01,0.97,'$y$')
plt.show()

运行结果

2.散点-条形图
代码如下

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.style.use('ggplot')

x = np.random.randn(200)
y = x + np.random.randn(200)*0.5

margin_border = 0.1
width = 0.6
margin_between = 0.02
height = 0.2

left_s = margin_border
bottom_s = margin_border
height_s = width
width_s = width

left_x = margin_border
bottom_x = margin_border+width+margin_between
height_x = height
width_x = width

left_y = margin_border+width+margin_between
bottom_y =margin_border
height_y = width
width_y = width

rect_s = [left_s,bottom_s,width_s,height_s]
rect_x = [left_x,bottom_x,width_x,height_x]
rect_y = [left_y,bottom_y,width_y,height_y]

axScatter = plt.axes(rect_s)
axHis_x = plt.axes(rect_x)
axHis_y = plt.axes(rect_y)
# 去掉x坐标
axHis_x.set_xticks([])
axHis_y.set_yticks([])

axScatter.scatter(x,y,color='b')

bin_width=0.2
xymax = np.max([np.max(np.fabs(x)),np.max(np.fabs(y))])
lim = int(xymax/bin_width+1)*bin_width
axScatter.set_xlim(-lim,lim)
axScatter.set_ylim(-lim,lim)

bins = np.arange(-lim,lim+bin_width,bin_width)
axHis_x.hist(x,bins=bins)
axHis_y.hist(y,bins=bins,orientation='horizontal')

axHis_x.set_xlim(axScatter.get_xlim())
axHis_y.set_ylim(axScatter.get_ylim())

plt.show()

运行结果