我们从代码一点一点说起,分为5部分
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" }) public SpringApplication(ResourceLoader resourceLoader, Class<?>... primarySources) { this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader; Assert.notNull(primarySources, "PrimarySources must not be null"); this.primarySources = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(primarySources)); this.webApplicationType = deduceWebApplicationType(); setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances( ApplicationContextInitializer.class)); setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class)); this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass(); } |
它是一个静态辅助方法去基于默认的配置和从特定的源(Application.class)去运行SpringApplication。
3.1 推断web应用类型
根据给定的名字识别类,并且这个类是存在的且可被加载。若这个类或者其依赖不存在或者不能被加载,那么返回false。若spring的reactive.DispatcherHandler存在并且servlet.DispatcherServlet不存在,那么返回REACTIVE类型,否则再判断是否存在Servlet 以及spring的ConfigurableWebApplicationContext,若不都存在,那么返回NONE,以上条件都不满足返回SERVLET
private static final String[] WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES = { "javax.servlet.Servlet", "org.springframework.web.context.ConfigurableWebApplicationContext" }; private static final String REACTIVE_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS = "org.springframework." + "web.reactive.DispatcherHandler"; private static final String MVC_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS = "org.springframework." + "web.servlet.DispatcherServlet"; private WebApplicationType deduceWebApplicationType() { if (ClassUtils.isPresent(REACTIVE_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS, null) && !ClassUtils.isPresent(MVC_WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASS, null)) { return WebApplicationType.REACTIVE; } for (String className : WEB_ENVIRONMENT_CLASSES) { if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(className, null)) { return WebApplicationType.NONE; } } return WebApplicationType.SERVLET; } |
3.2 ApplicationContextInitializer
它是一个回调接口,用于spring可配置的应用上下文初始化,优先于ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh()方法执行之前。通常被用于web应用中(以编程的方式初始化应用上下文的场景)。例如激活配置或者注册属性源。
ApplicationContextInitializer的处理器被鼓励用于推断spring的Ordered接口被实现了或者order注解是否存在,用于在实例调用之前对其进行排序。
3.3 SpringFactoriesLoader
(1)工厂位置:可能存在多个jar file中的META-INF/spring.factories目录
(2)遍历所有的工厂位置,放到map返回。spring可以做自动化配置,因为其已经定义好了。例如spring-boot-autoconfiguration包下的spring.factories配置了初始化器,应用监听器,自动配置导入监听器,自动配置导入过滤器,自动配置,错误分析,可提供的模板
public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories"; private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) { MultiValueMap<String, String> result = cache.get(classLoader); if (result != null) { return result; } try { Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) : ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION)); result = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>(); while (urls.hasMoreElements()) { URL url = urls.nextElement(); UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url); Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource); for (Map.Entry<?, ?> entry : properties.entrySet()) { List<String> factoryClassNames = Arrays.asList( StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String) entry.getValue())); result.addAll((String) entry.getKey(), factoryClassNames); } } cache.put(classLoader, result); return result; } catch (IOException ex) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [" + FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex); } } |
3.4 mainApplicationClass
从堆栈中遍历方法名字为main的类。
private Class<?> deduceMainApplicationClass() { try { StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = new RuntimeException().getStackTrace(); for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stackTrace) { if ("main".equals(stackTraceElement.getMethodName())) { return Class.forName(stackTraceElement.getClassName()); } } } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { // Swallow and continue } return null; } |
3.5 ConfigurableApplicationContext
public interface ConfigurableApplicationContext extends ApplicationContext, Lifecycle, Closeable |
他是一个服务提供者spi接口。被大多数的应用上下文实现,提供了设施配置应用上下文,这些设施是对applicationContext的补充。提供了一下配置和生命周期方法避免他们出现在applicationContext中,仅仅被启动和关闭代码使用。