SpringMvc 深入讲解 二

SpringMvc 深入讲解 二

  简介：技术点：@ModelAttribute中实现CRUD(将post转换delete put请求)、数据类型转换(自定义类型转换器)以及数据格式校验并将错误信息展示、发布数据(Json xml 文件下载)响应控制、国际化(不通过浏览器设置)、异常处理及其展示信息、拦截器讲解

1.项目清单

 

2.顺序源码与解读

package com.atguigu.springmvc.converters;

import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;
/**
 * 1.自定义类型转换器,比如在表单中请求epms的时候 ,提交的数据格式是//GG-gg@atguigu.com-0-105
 * 就会返回一个Employee类型的bean,而在请求的方法参数中这样写(@RequestParam(value="表单name") Employee employee)
 * 在强制转换的时候就会使用该转换器
 * 2.配置转换器 在xml中有详细讲解
 */
@Component
public class EmployeeConverter implements Converter<String, Employee> {

	public Employee convert(String source) {
		if(source != null){
			String [] vals = source.split("-");
			//GG-gg@atguigu.com-0-105
			if(vals != null && vals.length == 4){
				String lastName = vals[0];
				String email = vals[1];
				Integer gender = Integer.parseInt(vals[2]);
				Department department = new Department();
				department.setId(Integer.parseInt(vals[3]));
				
				Employee employee = new Employee(null, lastName, email, gender, department);
				System.out.println(source + "--convert--" + employee);
				return employee;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;

@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {

	private static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
	
	static{
		departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();
		
		departments.put(101, new Department(101, "D-AA"));
		departments.put(102, new Department(102, "D-BB"));
		departments.put(103, new Department(103, "D-CC"));
		departments.put(104, new Department(104, "D-DD"));
		departments.put(105, new Department(105, "D-EE"));
	}
	
	public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
		return departments.values();
	}
	
	public Department getDepartment(Integer id){
		return departments.get(id);
	}
	
}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {

	private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
	
	@Autowired
	private DepartmentDao departmentDao;
	
	static{
		employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();

		employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1, new Department(101, "D-AA")));
		employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1, new Department(102, "D-BB")));
		employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0, new Department(103, "D-CC")));
		employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0, new Department(104, "D-DD")));
		employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1, new Department(105, "D-EE")));
	}
	
	private static Integer initId = 1006;
	
	public void save(Employee employee){
		if(employee.getId() == null){
			employee.setId(initId++);
		}
		
		employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartment(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
		employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
	}
	
	public Collection<Employee> getAll(){
		return employees.values();
	}
	
	public Employee get(Integer id){
		return employees.get(id);
	}
	
	public void delete(Integer id){
		employees.remove(id);
	}
}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities;

public class Department {

	private Integer id;
	private String departmentName;

	public Department() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	
	public Department(int i, String string) {
		this.id = i;
		this.departmentName = string;
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getDepartmentName() {
		return departmentName;
	}

	public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
		this.departmentName = departmentName;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
				+ "]";
	}
	
}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.Valid;
import javax.validation.constraints.Past;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;
import org.springframework.format.annotation.NumberFormat;

public class Employee {

	private Integer id;
	@NotEmpty
	private String lastName;

	@Email
	private String email;
	//1 male, 0 female
	private Integer gender;
	
	private Department department;
	
	@Past
	@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
	private Date birth;
	
	/**
	 * 类型转换要在springmvc.xml中配置才能使用
	 * 1.配置 ConversionService 自定义类型转换器
	 * class=org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean即可以实现@DateTimeFormat等
	        这样的数据格式转换,同时也支持了自定义的类型转换器
	   class=org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean和上述的一样,只是上面的类中支持更多数据格式化配置   
    	   <mvc:annotation-driven/>这个标签自动配置了org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean
	       如果有定义了自己的类型转换器,加入conversion-service="conversionService"属性即可
	
	       以上两种都支持@DateTimeFormat等数据格式化配置,只是上一中支持的更多
	       
	       
	   2.区分  @Past 和  @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")前者是jsr 数据校验,后者是数据格式化
	              数据校验的时候呢在需要校验的参数前面加上@Valid
	             数据校验和数据格式化(类型转换)的错误内容都可以使用BindingResult 或者 Errors来承接,需要以下注意点：
	             1.BindingResult 必须是在要数据格式化的参数后面出现,两者中间不能有别的参数
	             2.BindingResult 数据格式化的参数必须在@ModelAttribute中出现过,一般确定数据格式 user         
	       
	 */
	@NumberFormat(pattern="#,###,###.#")
	private Float salary;

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	public Integer getGender() {
		return gender;
	}

	public void setGender(Integer gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	}

	public Department getDepartment() {
		return department;
	}

	public void setDepartment(Department department) {
		this.department = department;
	}

	public Date getBirth() {
		return birth;
	}

	public void setBirth(Date birth) {
		this.birth = birth;
	}

	public Float getSalary() {
		return salary;
	}

	public void setSalary(Float salary) {
		this.salary = salary;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Employee [id=" + id + ", lastName=" + lastName + ", email="
				+ email + ", gender=" + gender + ", department=" + department
				+ ", birth=" + birth + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
	}

	public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender,
			Department department) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.lastName = lastName;
		this.email = email;
		this.gender = gender;
		this.department = department;
	}

	public Employee() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.handlers;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Local;
import org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao.DepartmentDao;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Department;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Controller
public class EmployeeHandler {

	@Autowired
	private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
	@Autowired
	private ResourceBundleMessageSource rms;
	@Autowired
	private DepartmentDao departmentDao;

	@ModelAttribute
	public void getEmployee(@RequestParam(value="id",required=false) Integer id,
			Map<String, Object> map){
		if(id != null){
			map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
		}
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.PUT)
	public String update(Employee employee){
		employeeDao.save(employee);
		
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String input(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Map<String, Object> map){
		map.put("employee", employeeDao.get(id));
		map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
		return "input";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/emp/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
	public String delete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
		employeeDao.delete(id);
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}
	/**
	 * 类型转换失败的信息可以用BindingResult result来显示
	 * BindingResult 必须是在要数据格式化的参数后面出现
	 * BindingResult 数据格式化的参数必须在@ModelAttribute中出现过,一般确定数据格式 user
	 */
	@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String save(@Valid Employee employee, BindingResult result, 
			Map<String, Object> map){
		System.out.println("save: " + employee);
		
		if(result.getErrorCount() > 0){
			System.out.println("出错了!");
			
			for(FieldError error:result.getFieldErrors()){
				System.out.println(error.getField() + ":" + error.getDefaultMessage());
			}
			
			//若验证出错, 则转向定制的页面
			map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
			return "input";
		}
		
		employeeDao.save(employee);
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/emp", method=RequestMethod.GET)
	public String input(Map<String, Object> map){
		map.put("departments", departmentDao.getDepartments());
		map.put("employee", new Employee());
		return "input";
	}
	@RequestMapping("/emps")
	public String list(Map<String, Object> map){
		map.put("employees", employeeDao.getAll());
		System.out.println(employeeDao.getAll().size());
		return "list";
	}
	//哪一个字段值是从表单不进行赋值的	
//	@InitBinder
//	public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder){
//		binder.setDisallowedFields("lastName");
//	}
	
	/**
	 * 请求和相应的格式转换 两种方式 -----------------在MyJsp中写入了测试
	 * @RequestBody @ResponseBody     HttpEntity ResponseEntity
	 * 他们会根据返回的java类型而对客户端响应  例如 如果返回list 等数组,会转换位json等数据
	 * 如果想要实现在页面上发布json xml等数据格式,或者是形成一个下载流,使用ResponseEntity来实现
	 */
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping("/testOut1")
	public String testOut1(){
		return "你好,这种方式相当于是用printWrite.write()方法写入的";
	}
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping("/testOut2")
	public Department testOut2(HttpServletResponse resp){
		//自动的就转换为了Json数据格式了 Bean list 这些会被转换位Json
		return new Department(1, "message");
	}
	/**
	 * 页面输出了xml数据
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/testOut4")
	public ResponseEntity<byte[]> testOut4() throws IOException{
		byte [] body = null;
		body = new EmployeeHandler().getXmlInfo().getBytes();
		HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
		MediaType mediaType = MediaType.APPLICATION_XML;
		headers.setContentType(mediaType);
		HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK;
		ResponseEntity<byte[]> res = new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(body, headers, statusCode);
	    return res;
	}
	/**
	 * 输入一个下载的格式数据
	 * @throws IOException 
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/testOut3")
	public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(HttpSession session) throws IOException{
		byte [] body = null;
		ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
		InputStream in = servletContext.getResourceAsStream("/files/abc.txt");
		body = new byte[in.available()];
		in.read(body);
		HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
		headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=abc.txt");
		HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK;
		ResponseEntity<byte[]> res = new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(body, headers, statusCode);
	    return res;
	}
         /**
	 * 通过超链接进行国际化
	 * 1.在这里注入private ResourceBundleMessageSource rms;
	   2. 在 bean 中注入 ResourceBundleMessageSource 的示例, 使用其对应的 getMessage 方法即可
	   3. 配置 LocalResolver 和 LocaleChangeInterceptor拦截器 本例中使用的是 SessionLocaleResolver,并在
              连接中写入?locale=zh_CH
	 */	
        @RequestMapping("/gjh")
	public String gjh1(Locale locale){
		System.out.println(rms.getMessage("i18n.user", null, locale));
		return "i18n";
	}
	
	
	private String getXmlInfo() {  
		   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();  
		    sb.append("<videoSend>");  
		    sb.append("<header>");  
		    sb.append("<sid>1</sid>");  
		    sb.append("<type>service</type>");  
		   sb.append("</header>");  
		    sb.append("<service name=\"videoSend\">");  
		   sb.append("<fromNum>0000021000011001</fromNum>");  
		    sb.append("<toNum>33647405</toNum>");  
		    sb.append("<videoPath>mnt/5.0.217.50/resources/80009.mov</videoPath>");  
		    sb.append("<chargeNumber>0000021000011001</chargeNumber>");  
		   sb.append("</service>");  
		    sb.append("</videoSend>");  
		    return sb.toString();  
		}  
/**   异常处理:注意 该方法是异常的承接只配置了@ExceptionHandler 而没有配置@RequestMapping 它只是要捕获异常*                                                                                           * 1. 在 @ExceptionHandler 方法的入参中可以加入 Exception 类型的参数, 该参数即对应发生的异常对象
  * 2. @ExceptionHandler 方法的入参中不能传入 Map. 若希望把异常信息传导页面上, 需要使用 ModelAndView 作为返回值
  * 3. @ExceptionHandler 方法标记的异常有优先级的问题. 
  * 4. @ControllerAdvice: 如果在当前 Handler 中找不到 @ExceptionHandler 方法来出来当前方法出现的异常, 
  *    则将去 @ControllerAdvice 标记的类中查找 @ExceptionHandler 标记的方法来处理异常.
  * 5. 下面的定义只是在该handler中的方法有异常会处理,并不是全局,SpringMVCTestExceptionHandler 这个是定义了全局
          @ResponseStatus 无论怎样都会进入配置的页面中,可以使用到异常出,让其有异常时进入
  */
 <a>//@ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN</a>, reason="用户名和密码不匹配!")
 @ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
 public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException(Exception ex){
  System.out.println("出异常了: " + ex);
  ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
  mv.addObject("exception", ex);
  return mv;
 }
 /**
  * 没有发生异常将正常执行 如果发生异常将按照上面的执行
  */
 
 @RequestMapping("showException")
 public String showException(@RequestParam("i") int i) {
  System.out.println("--? result :" + 10 / i);
  return "success";
 }
}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.atguigu.springmvc.crud.entities.Employee;

@Controller
public class SpringMVCTest {

	@Autowired
	private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
	
	@Autowired
	private ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource;
	
	@RequestMapping("/testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver")
	public String testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i){
		String [] vals = new String[10];
		System.out.println(vals[i]);
		return "success";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	public String testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver(){
		System.out.println("testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver...");
		return "success";
	}
	
    /**
     * 方法上标示@ResponseStatus 不管是否抛出异常都会进入异常页面
     */	@ResponseStatus(reason="测试",value=HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
	@RequestMapping("/testResponseStatusExceptionResolver")
	public String testResponseStatusExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i){
		if(i == 13){
			throw new UserNameNotMatchPasswordException();
		}
		System.out.println("testResponseStatusExceptionResolver...");
		
		return "success";
	}
	
//	@ExceptionHandler({RuntimeException.class})
//	public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException2(Exception ex){
//		System.out.println("[出异常了]: " + ex);
//		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
//		mv.addObject("exception", ex);
//		return mv;
//	}
	
	/**
	 * 1. 在 @ExceptionHandler 方法的入参中可以加入 Exception 类型的参数, 该参数即对应发生的异常对象
	 * 2. @ExceptionHandler 方法的入参中不能传入 Map. 若希望把异常信息传导页面上, 需要使用 ModelAndView 作为返回值
	 * 3. @ExceptionHandler 方法标记的异常有优先级的问题. 
	 * 4. @ControllerAdvice: 如果在当前 Handler 中找不到 @ExceptionHandler 方法来出来当前方法出现的异常, 
	 * 则将去 @ControllerAdvice 标记的类中查找 @ExceptionHandler 标记的方法来处理异常. 
	 */
//	@ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
//	public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException(Exception ex){
//		System.out.println("出异常了: " + ex);
//		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
//		mv.addObject("exception", ex);
//		return mv;
//	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver")
	public String testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver(@RequestParam("i") int i){
		System.out.println("result: " + (10 / i));
		return "success";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/testFileUpload")
	public String testFileUpload(@RequestParam("desc") String desc, 
			@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException{
		System.out.println("desc: " + desc);
		System.out.println("OriginalFilename: " + file.getOriginalFilename());
		System.out.println("InputStream: " + file.getInputStream());
		return "success";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/i18n")
	public String testI18n(Locale locale){
		String val = messageSource.getMessage("i18n.user", null, locale);
		System.out.println(val); 
		return "i18n";
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntity")
	public ResponseEntity<byte[]> testResponseEntity(HttpSession session) throws IOException{
		byte [] body = null;
		ServletContext servletContext = session.getServletContext();
		InputStream in = servletContext.getResourceAsStream("/files/abc.txt");
		body = new byte[in.available()];
		in.read(body);
		
		HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
		headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=abc.txt");
		
		HttpStatus statusCode = HttpStatus.OK;
		
		ResponseEntity<byte[]> response = new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(body, headers, statusCode);
		return response;
	}
	
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping("/testHttpMessageConverter")
	public String testHttpMessageConverter(@RequestBody String body){
		System.out.println(body);
		return "helloworld! " + new Date();
	}
	
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping("/testJson")
	public Collection<Employee> testJson(){
		return employeeDao.getAll();
	}
	
	@RequestMapping("/testConversionServiceConverer")
	public String testConverter(@RequestParam("employee") Employee employee){
		System.out.println("save: " + employee);
		employeeDao.save(employee);
		return "redirect:/emps";
	}
	
}

 

package com.atguigu.springmvc.test;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
 * 全局的异常处理问题
 */
@ControllerAdvice
public class SpringMVCTestExceptionHandler {

	@ExceptionHandler({ArithmeticException.class})
	public ModelAndView handleArithmeticException(Exception ex){
		System.out.println("----> 出异常了: " + ex);
		ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("error");
		mv.addObject("exception", ex);
		return mv;
	}
	
}

package com.atguigu.springmvc.test;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
/**
 * 当抛出出现异常时,定制自己的状态页面
 */
@ResponseStatus(value=HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN, reason="用户名和密码不匹配!")
public class UserNameNotMatchPasswordException extends RuntimeException{
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}

异常处理第二种方式

package com.lives.manage.web.handler;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.lives.manage.common.exception.ResourceNotFoundException;
import com.lives.manage.common.exception.ServiceException;

/**
 * 配置component 让spring识别为异常处理类：
 * HandlerExceptionResolver 和  sim。。。。
 * 所有抛出的异常处理类
 */
@Component
public class CatchExeceptionHandler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
	private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(CatchExeceptionHandler.class);

	@Override
	public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) {
		/**
		 * 如果为自定义异常类，单独进行处理
		 */
		int status = HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
		if(ex instanceof ServiceException){
			ServiceException se = (ServiceException)ex;
			logger.error(se);
		} else {
			logger.error("system exception: ", ex);
			if (ex instanceof ResourceNotFoundException) {
				status = HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND;
			}
		}

		String ajaxHeader = request.getHeader("isAjax");
		boolean isAjax = ajaxHeader != null && "1".equals(ajaxHeader);
		if (isAjax) {
			response.setStatus(status);
			try {
				response.flushBuffer();
			} catch (IOException e) {
			}
			return null;
		}
		
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
		mav.addObject("status", status);
		mav.setViewName("error/serv");
		return mav;
	}

}

 

3.springmvc.xml 配置讲解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

	<!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.springmvc"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!--  
		default-servlet-handler 将在 SpringMVC 上下文中定义一个 DefaultServletHttpRequestHandler,
		它会对进入 DispatcherServlet 的请求进行筛查, 如果发现是没有经过映射的请求, 就将该请求交由 WEB 应用服务器默认的 
		Servlet 处理. 如果不是静态资源的请求，才由 DispatcherServlet 继续处理
		一般 WEB 应用服务器默认的 Servlet 的名称都是 default.
		若所使用的 WEB 服务器的默认 Servlet 名称不是 default，则需要通过 default-servlet-name 属性显式指定
	-->
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

	<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService"></mvc:annotation-driven>	
	
	<!-- 配置 ConversionService 自定义类型转换器
	class=org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean即可以实现@DateTimeFormat等
	这样的数据格式转换,同时也支持了自定义的类型转换器
	class=org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>这个标签自动配置了org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean
	如果有定义了自己的类型转换器,加入conversion-service="conversionService"属性即可
	
	以上两种都支持@DateTimeFormat等数据格式化配置,只是上一中支持的更多
	-->
	<bean id="conversionService"
		class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
		<property name="converters">
			<set>
				<ref bean="employeeConverter"/>
			</set>
		</property>	
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置国际化资源文件 -->
	<bean id="messageSource"
		class="org.springframework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
		<property name="basename" value="i18n"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 SessionLocalResolver -->
	<bean id="localeResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver"></bean>
	
        <mvc:interceptors>
		<!-- 配置 LocaleChanceInterceptor 只有上面的一个配置无法实现国际化-->
		<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor" >
		</bean>
	</mvc:interceptors>	
	
        <!-- 配置 MultipartResolver -->
	<bean id="multipartResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
		<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
		<property name="maxUploadSize" value="1024000"></property>	
	</bean>	
	
	<!-- 配置使用 SimpleMappingExceptionResolver 来映射异常 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
		<property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"></property>
		<property name="exceptionMappings">
			<props>
				<prop key="java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException">error</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>	
	<mvc:view-controller path="/i18n2" view-name="i18n2"/>
</beans>

 

4.web.xml 配置讲解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

	<!-- 配置 SpringMVC 的 DispatcherServlet -->
	<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	
	<!-- 配置 HiddenHttpMethodFilter: 把 POST 请求转为 DELETE、PUT 请求 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

 

5.properties 配置错误信息以及国际化(顺序展示)

NotEmpty.employee.lastName=^^LastName\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A.
Email.employee.email=Email\u5730\u5740\u4E0D\u5408\u6CD5
Past.employee.birth=Birth\u4E0D\u80FD\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u5C06\u6765\u7684\u65F6\u95F4. 

typeMismatch.employee.birth=Birth\u4E0D\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u65E5\u671F. 

i18n.user=User
i18n.password=Password

NotEmpty.employee.lastName=^^LastName\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A.
Email.employee.email=Email\u5730\u5740\u4E0D\u5408\u6CD5
Past.employee.birth=Birth\u4E0D\u80FD\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u5C06\u6765\u7684\u65F6\u95F4. 

typeMismatch.employee.birth=Birth\u4E0D\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u65E5\u671F. 

i18n.user=\u7528\u6237\u540D
i18n.password=\u5BC6\u7801

NotEmpty.employee.lastName=^^LastName\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A.
Email.employee.email=Email\u5730\u5740\u4E0D\u5408\u6CD5
Past.employee.birth=Birth\u4E0D\u80FD\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u5C06\u6765\u7684\u65F6\u95F4. 

typeMismatch.employee.birth=Birth\u4E0D\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u65E5\u671F. 

i18n.user=User
i18n.password=Password

 

6.问题分析

在展示错误信息的时候,可能会有包的冲突问题,下列给出了解决方案

7.jsp 页面(顺序展示)

①list.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<!--  
	SpringMVC 处理静态资源:
	1. 为什么会有这样的问题:
	优雅的 REST 风格的资源URL 不希望带 .html 或 .do 等后缀
	若将 DispatcherServlet 请求映射配置为 /, 
	则 Spring MVC 将捕获 WEB 容器的所有请求, 包括静态资源的请求, SpringMVC 会将他们当成一个普通请求处理, 
	因找不到对应处理器将导致错误。
	2. 解决: 在 SpringMVC 的配置文件中配置 <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
	$(function(){
		$(".delete").click(function(){
			var href = $(this).attr("href");
			$("form").attr("action", href).submit();			
			return false;
		});
	})
</script>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="" method="POST">
		<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="DELETE"/>
	</form>
	
	<c:if test="${empty requestScope.employees }">
		没有任何员工信息.
	</c:if>
	<c:if test="${!empty requestScope.employees }">
		<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
			<tr>
				<th>ID</th>
				<th>LastName</th>
				<th>Email</th>
				<th>Gender</th>
				<th>Department</th>
				<th>Edit</th>
				<th>Delete</th>
			</tr>
			
			<c:forEach items="${requestScope.employees }" var="emp">
				<tr>
					<td>${emp.id }</td>
					<td>${emp.lastName }</td>
					<td>${emp.email }</td>
					<td>${emp.gender == 0 ? 'Female' : 'Male' }</td>
					<td>${emp.department.departmentName }</td>
					<td><a href="emp/${emp.id}">Edit</a></td>
					<td><a class="delete" href="emp/${emp.id}">Delete</a></td>
				</tr>
			</c:forEach>
		</table>
	</c:if>
	
	<br><br>
	
	<a href="emp">Add New Employee</a>
	
</body>
</html>

②input.jsp

<%@page import="java.util.HashMap"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 自定义类型转换器 -->
	<form action="testConversionServiceConverer" method="POST">
		<!-- lastname-email-gender-department.id 例如: GG-gg@atguigu.com-0-105 -->
		Employee: <input type="text" name="employee"/>
		<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
	</form>
	<br><br>
	
	<!--  
		1. WHY 使用 form 标签呢 ?
		可以更快速的开发出表单页面, 而且可以更方便的进行表单值的回显
		2. 注意:
		必须通过 modelAttribute 属性指定绑定的模型属性,
		若没有指定该属性，则默认从 request 域对象中读取 command 的表单 bean
		如果该属性值也不存在，则会发生错误。
	-->
	<br><br>
	<form:form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/emp" method="POST" 
		modelAttribute="employee">
		
		<form:errors path="*"></form:errors>
		<br>
		
		<c:if test="${employee.id == null }">
			<!-- path 属性对应 html 表单标签的 name 属性值 -->
			LastName: <form:input path="lastName"/>
			<form:errors path="lastName"></form:errors>
		</c:if>
		<c:if test="${employee.id != null }">
			<form:hidden path="id"/>
			<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT"/>
			<%-- 对于 _method 不能使用 form:hidden 标签, 因为 modelAttribute 对应的 bean 中没有 _method 这个属性 --%>
			<%-- 
			<form:hidden path="_method" value="PUT"/>
			--%>
		</c:if>
		
		<br>
		Email: <form:input path="email"/>
		<form:errors path="email"></form:errors>
		<br>
		<% 
			Map<String, String> genders = new HashMap();
			genders.put("1", "Male");
			genders.put("0", "Female");
			
			request.setAttribute("genders", genders);
		%>
		Gender: 
		<br>
		<form:radiobuttons path="gender" items="${genders }" delimiter="<br>"/>
		<br>
		Department: <form:select path="department.id" 
			items="${departments }" itemLabel="departmentName" itemValue="id"></form:select>
		<br>
		<!--  
			1. 数据类型转换         配置类型转换器 <mvc:annotation-driven ></mvc:annotation-driven>	自动配置好了一个
			2. 数据类型格式化@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
			3. 数据校验. 
			1). 如何校验 ? 注解 ?
			①. 使用 JSR 303 验证标准
			②. 加入 hibernate validator 验证框架的 jar 包
			③. 在 SpringMVC 配置文件中添加 <mvc:annotation-driven />
			④. 需要在 bean 的属性上添加对应的注解
			⑤. 在目标方法 bean 类型的前面添加 @Valid 注解
			2). 验证出错转向到哪一个页面 ?
			注意: 需校验的 Bean 对象和其绑定结果对象或错误对象时成对出现的，它们之间不允许声明其他的入参
			3). 错误消息 ? 如何显示, 如何把错误消息进行国际化
			    配置国际化资源文件，写入校验名.bean名.属性名 比如NotEmpty.employee.lastName
		-->
		Birth: <form:input path="birth"/>
		<form:errors path="birth"></form:errors>
		<br>
		Salary: <form:input path="salary"/>
		<br>
		<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
	</form:form>
	
</body>
</html>

③i18n.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	
        <!--  
		关于国际化:
		1. 在页面上能够根据浏览器语言设置的情况对文本(不是内容), 时间, 数值进行本地化处理
		2. 可以在 bean 中获取国际化资源文件 Locale 对应的消息
		3. 可以通过超链接切换 Locale, 而不再依赖于浏览器的语言设置情况
		
		相对应解决:
		1. 使用 JSTL 的 fmt 标签---ResourceBundleMessageSource
		2. 在 bean 中注入 ResourceBundleMessageSource 的示例, 使用其对应的 getMessage 方法即可
		3. 配置 LocalResolver 和 LocaleChangeInterceptor拦截器 本例中使用的是 SessionLocaleResolver,并在
		       连接中写入?locale=zh_CH
	-->	
	<fmt:message key="i18n.user"></fmt:message>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="i18n2">I18N2 PAGE</a>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="gjh?locale=zh_CH">中文</a>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="gjh?locale=en_US">英文</a>
	
</body>
</html>

④i18n2.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
    
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	
	<fmt:message key="i18n.password"></fmt:message>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="i18n">I18N PAGE</a>
	
</body>
</html>

⑤index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
	$(function(){
		$("#testJson").click(function(){
			var url = this.href;
			var args = {};
			$.post(url, args, function(data){
				for(var i = 0; i < data.length; i++){
					var id = data[i].id;
					var lastName = data[i].lastName;
					
					alert(id + ": " + lastName);
				}
			});
			return false;
		});
	})
</script>
</head>
<body>
	
	<form action="testFileUpload" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
		File: <input type="file" name="file"/>
		Desc: <input type="text" name="desc"/>
		<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
	</form>
	
	<br><br>
	
	<a href="emps">List All Employees</a>
	<br><br>
	
	<a href="testJson" id="testJson">Test Json</a>
	<br><br>
	
	<form action="testHttpMessageConverter" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
		File: <input type="file" name="file"/>
		Desc: <input type="text" name="desc"/>
		<input type="submit" value="Submit"/>
	</form>
	
	<br><br>
	
	<a href="testResponseEntity">Test ResponseEntity</a>
	
	<!--  
		关于国际化:
		1. 在页面上能够根据浏览器语言设置的情况对文本(不是内容), 时间, 数值进行本地化处理
		2. 可以在 bean 中获取国际化资源文件 Locale 对应的消息
		3. 可以通过超链接切换 Locale, 而不再依赖于浏览器的语言设置情况
		
		解决:
		1. 使用 JSTL 的 fmt 标签
		2. 在 bean 中注入 ResourceBundleMessageSource 的示例, 使用其对应的 getMessage 方法即可
		3. 配置 LocalResolver 和 LocaleChangeInterceptor
	-->	
	<br><br>
	<a href="i18n">I18N PAGE</a>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="testExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver?i=10">Test ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver</a>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="testResponseStatusExceptionResolver?i=10">Test ResponseStatusExceptionResolver</a>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="testDefaultHandlerExceptionResolver">Test DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver</a>
	
	<br><br>
	<a href="testSimpleMappingExceptionResolver?i=2">Test SimpleMappingExceptionResolver</a>
	
</body>
</html>

⑥MyJsp.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title>
    
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="scripts/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  
  <body>
   <script type="text/javascript">
   $(function(){
		$("#testJson").click(function(){
			var url = this.href;
			var args = {};
			$.post(url, args, function(data){
					var id = data.id;
					var lastName = data.departmentName;
					alert(id + ": " + lastName);
			});
			return false;
		});
	})
   </script>
   
   <a href="testOut1">直接响应String字符串</a><br/>
   <a href="testOut2" id="testJson">Json</a><br/>
    <a href="testOut4" >xml数据格式</a><br/>
    <a href="testOut3" >下载</a><br/>
  </body>
</html>

 

8.拦截器写法

  ① 拦截器两个类(讲解)

package com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class FirstInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

	/**
	 * 该方法在目标方法之前被调用.
	 * 若返回值为 true, 则继续调用后续的拦截器和目标方法. 
	 * 若返回值为 false, 则不会再调用后续的拦截器和目标方法. 
	 * 
	 * 可以考虑做权限. 日志, 事务等. 
	 */
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("[FirstInterceptor] preHandle");
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 调用目标方法之后, 但渲染视图之前. 
	 * 可以对请求域中的属性或视图做出修改. 
	 */
	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("[FirstInterceptor] postHandle");
	}

	/**
	 * 渲染视图之后被调用. 释放资源
	 */
	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {
		System.out.println("[FirstInterceptor] afterCompletion");
	}

}

 

package com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

public class SecondInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{

	/**
	 * 多个拦截器的执行顺序
	 * 1.preHandle 根据配置的前后顺序执行
	 * 2.postHandle、afterCompletion 根据配置的前后反序执行
	 */
	public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("[SecondInterceptor] preHandle");
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * 调用目标方法之后, 但渲染视图之前. 
	 * 可以对请求域中的属性或视图做出修改. 
	 */
	public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
			ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("[SecondInterceptor] postHandle");
	}

	/**
	 * 渲染视图之后被调用. 释放资源
	 */
	public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
			throws Exception {
		System.out.println("[SecondInterceptor] afterCompletion");
	}

}

  ② SpringMvc.xml中配置

	<mvc:interceptors>
	<!-- 配置自定义的拦截器 -->
		<bean class="com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors.FirstInterceptor"></bean>
		<!-- 配置拦截器(不)作用的路径 -->
		<mvc:interceptor>
			<mvc:mapping path="/emps"/>
			<bean class="com.atguigu.springmvc.interceptors.SecondInterceptor"></bean>
			</mvc:interceptor>
	</mvc:interceptors>

 

9.源码、jar下载

下载jar