前几天做了微信的开发，感觉吧，很多都是借口的调用，但是里面也是有很多值得去关注的东西，比如，借口的请求，如何传递Json，如何上传表单或者文件等等，到后来的证书使用等，更多的应用坑是出现在了微信的支付上，也主要就是这个HttpClient的使用，不得不说Apache的这个API确实是写的不错，但是相关的文档很少，我在提交文件的时候，就遇上了坑，下面，我给大家来一个总结，不管是应用于什么样的请求，下面的案例足够满足你。
首先我们要做的事情，就是关于这个Jar包的控制了，再次也说一下，HttpClient已经废了，取而代之的是CloseableHttpClient的API要注意一下，下面给出一个Maven的包管理，由于这个包的不同，也是引发了很多的问题。
更加注意的一点是，我们通常会访问HTTPS，如果不加载证书访问的话呢，使用普通的请求就可以了，因为我测试过，不经过ssl加载也是可以访问到的，但是有些就不可以了，比如微信支付，他是一定会要求使用证书去访问的，此处也是需要注意一下就可以了。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
<version>4.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpasyncclient</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>接下来，我们就来看看各个实例是如何使用的。
实例1：基础GET请求
public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");
System.out.println("Executing request " + httpget.getURI());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
// 打印请求结果状态
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
httpget.abort();
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CredentialsProvider credsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
credsProvider.setCredentials(
new AuthScope("localhost", 443),
new UsernamePasswordCredentials("username", "password"));
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credsProvider)
.build();
try {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost/");
System.out.println("Executing request " + httpget.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost/jobwisdom/project/upload");
File file = new File("f:\\j.jpg");
MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
builder.addBinaryBody("file", new FileInputStream(file), ContentType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA, file.getName());
HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
// MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
// FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
// builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
// builder.addPart("upfile", fileBody);
// HttpEntity entity = builder.build();
httppost.setEntity(entity);
System.out.println("Executing request: " + httppost.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
// 获取接口返回值
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()));
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost/");
System.out.println("Executing request " + httpget.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
try {
instream.read();
} catch (IOException ex) {
throw ex;
} finally {
instream.close();
}
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
HttpClientContext localContext = HttpClientContext.create();
localContext.setCookieStore(cookieStore);
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://localhost/");
System.out.println("Executing request " + httpget.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget, localContext);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.getCookies();
for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) {
System.out.println("Local cookie: " + cookies.get(i));
}
// 销毁response
EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public final static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(new File("my.keystore"));
try {
trustStore.load(instream, "nopassword".toCharArray());
} finally {
instream.close();
}
// Trust own CA and all self-signed certs
SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom()
.loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy())
.build();
// Allow TLSv1 protocol only
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
sslcontext,
new String[] { "TLSv1" },
null,
SSLConnectionSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
.setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf)
.build();
try {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://localhost/");
System.out.println("executing request" + httpget.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
}
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpHost target = new HttpHost("localhost", 443, "https");
HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost("127.0.0.1", 8080, "http");
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom()
.setProxy(proxy)
.build();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet("/");
request.setConfig(config);
System.out.println("Executing request " + request.getRequestLine() + " to " + target + " via " + proxy);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(target, request);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
EntityUtils.consume(response.getEntity());
} finally {
response.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
} public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://targethost/homepage");
CloseableHttpResponse response1 = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
try {
System.out.println(response1.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity entity1 = response1.getEntity();
EntityUtils.consume(entity1);
} finally {
response1.close();
}
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://targethost/login");
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "vip"));
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "secret"));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps));
CloseableHttpResponse response2 = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
try {
System.out.println(response2.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();
EntityUtils.consume(entity2);
} finally {
response2.close();
}
} finally {
httpclient.close();
}
}CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(Url.Wechat.WECHAT_MONEY_PAY);
StringEntity myEntity = new StringEntity(xml, "utf-8");
httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml");
httpPost.setEntity(myEntity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");我在使用的过程中，发现上传文件并不是那么满意，经常性的出现问题，所以，我选择了HttpUrlConnect来上传的文件，再次呢，我也给大家一个实例，分享
File file = new File(filePath);
if(!file.exists())
return null;
String result = null;
try {
URL url1 = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
String boundary = "-----------------------------"+System.currentTimeMillis();
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary="+boundary);
OutputStream output = conn.getOutputStream();
output.write(("--" + boundary + "\r\n").getBytes());
output.write(String.format("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"media\"; filename=\"%s\"\r\n", file.getName()).getBytes());
output.write("Content-Type: video/mp4 \r\n\r\n".getBytes());
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
int len =0;
FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);
while((len=input.read(data))>-1){
output.write(data, 0, len);
}
output.write(("--" + boundary + "\r\n").getBytes());
output.write("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"description\";\r\n\r\n".getBytes());
output.write(String.format("{\"title\":\"%s\", \"introduction\":\"%s\"}",title,introduction).getBytes());
output.write(("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n\r\n").getBytes());
output.flush();
output.close();
input.close();
InputStream resp = conn.getInputStream();
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
while((len= resp.read(data))>-1)
sb.append(new String(data,0,len,"utf-8"));
resp.close();
result = sb.toString();
System.out.println(result);
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
logger.error("postFile，不支持http协议",e);
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("postFile数据传输失败",e);
}
logger.info("{}: result={}",url,result);
return result;
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