ssh免密码登录失败解决

基于centOS7环境，最近在搞ssh免密码登录,但是发现执行完下面代码，还是没效果，代码如下：

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
$ cd .ssh
$ cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys
$ chmod 600 authorized_keys 

运行效果：
输入ssh-keygen -t rsa后一直按回车键，好像有3次

[hadoop@localhost ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/home/hadoop/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
9c:71:ea:40:13:5b:92:26:ed:df:bb:19:c3:ef:25:16 hadoop@localhost.localdomain
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|     .o..        |
|    . +=         |
|     ++ . .      |
|     ..o =       |
|      ..S.  E    |
|       o...  .   |
|        . +.o .  |
|          .* o   |
|          ooo    |
+-----------------+
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ cd .ssh
[hadoop@localhost .ssh]$ ls
id_rsa  id_rsa.pub
[hadoop@localhost .ssh]$ cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys
[hadoop@localhost .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys 

登录效果，登录两次发现失败，还是需要密码

[hadoop@localhost ~]$ ssh localhost
The authenticity of host 'localhost (::1)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is 4f:e2:e4:ca:9d:db:46:e7:72:a1:83:3e:09:27:6a:ef.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
hadoop@localhost's password: 
Last failed login: Tue Jun 19 14:40:00 CST 2018 from :0 on :0
There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login.
Last login: Tue Jun 19 14:24:32 2018 from master
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ exit
登出
Connection to localhost closed.
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ ssh localhost
hadoop@localhost's password: 
Last login: Tue Jun 19 18:39:11 2018 from localhost
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ exit
登出
Connection to localhost closed.

解决思路

情况一：

我之前用root用户做过ssh免密码登录，所以导致有可能存在冲突，解决需要切换到root用户，删除root下的.ssh文件夹，由于.ssh是隐藏目录，得用ls -a才能看到

[hadoop@localhost ~]$ su
密码：
[root@localhost hadoop]# cd ~
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg                jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz  模板  文档  桌面
apache-maven-3.5.3-bin.tar.gz  v2.6.1.zip                 视频  下载
initial-setup-ks.cfg           公共                       图片  音乐
[root@localhost ~]# cd ~/.ssh
[root@localhost .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  known_hosts
[root@localhost .ssh]# cd ~
[root@localhost ~]# ls -a
.                              .cache                     .local        公共
..                             .config                    .m2           模板
anaconda-ks.cfg                .cshrc                     .mozilla      视频
apache-maven-3.5.3-bin.tar.gz  .dbus                      .ssh          图片
.bash_history                  .esd_auth                  .tcshrc       文档
.bash_logout                   .ICEauthority              v2.6.1.zip    下载
.bash_profile                  initial-setup-ks.cfg       .viminfo      音乐
.bashrc                        jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz  .xauth3XmQP7  桌面
[root@localhost ~]# rm -r .ssh
rm：是否进入目录".ssh"? yes
rm：是否删除普通文件 ".ssh/known_hosts"？yes
rm：是否删除普通文件 ".ssh/authorized_keys"？yes 
rm：是否删除目录 ".ssh"？yes
[root@localhost ~]# ls -a
.                              .cache                     .local        模板
..                             .config                    .m2           视频
anaconda-ks.cfg                .cshrc                     .mozilla      图片
apache-maven-3.5.3-bin.tar.gz  .dbus                      .tcshrc       文档
.bash_history                  .esd_auth                  v2.6.1.zip    下载
.bash_logout                   .ICEauthority              .viminfo      音乐
.bash_profile                  initial-setup-ks.cfg       .xauth3XmQP7  桌面
.bashrc                        jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz  公共
[root@localhost ~]# su -hadoop

删除了.ssh隐藏文件夹后退出root用户再执行ssh生成密钥操作一次即可，也就是文章最开头的那四行代码

情况二：

执行下面代码

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
$ cd .ssh
$ cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

忘记给权限了，也就是忘记执行下面这一行代码了

$ chmod 600 authorized_keys 

如果还是不行，重新做一次，去到当前用户的home目录下，删除.ssh文件夹，再来一次，ls -a 可以显示隐藏文件夹

[hadoop@localhost ~]$ ls -a
.              .bash_profile  .esd_auth      .ssh      视频  音乐
..             .bashrc        .ICEauthority  .viminfo  图片  桌面
.bash_history  .cache         .local         公共      文档
.bash_logout   .config        .mozilla       模板      下载
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ rm -r .ssh
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ ls -a
.              .bash_logout   .cache     .ICEauthority  .viminfo  视频  下载
..             .bash_profile  .config    .local         公共      图片  音乐
.bash_history  .bashrc        .esd_auth  .mozilla       模板      文档  桌面
[hadoop@localhost ~]$ 

如果想要无密码登录其他机器，请看我这篇博客：https://blog.csdn.net/u014204541/article/details/80762794