1. 文件的上传
- 要有一个form标签,method=post请求
- form标签的encType属性值必须为multipart/form-data值,表示提交的数据,以多段(每一个表单项一个数据段)的形式进行拼接,然后以二进制流的形式发送给服务器
- 在form标签中使用input type=file添加上传的文件
- 编写服务器代码接受处理上传的数据
<form action="http://localhost:8080/09_EL_JSTL/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
头像:<input type="file" name="photo"><br>
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>
1.1 文件上传HTTP协议的说明
1.2 commons-fileupload.jar 常用API
- ServletFileUpload类,用于解析上传的数据
- FileItem类,表示每一个表单项
- boolean ServletFileUpload. isMultipartContent(HttpServletRequest request); 判断当前上传的数据格式是否是多段的格式
- public List <'Fileitem> parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) 解析上传的数据
- boolean FileItem. isFormField() 判断当前这个表单项,是普通类型的表单项(true),还是上传的文件类型(false)
- String FileItem. getFieldName() 获取表单项的name属性值
- String FileItem. getString() 获取当前表单项的值
- String FileItem . getName() 获取上传的文件名
- void FileItem. write(file) 将上传的文件写到参数file所指向硬盘位置
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
if (ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
FileItemFactory fileItemFactory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload servletFileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(fileItemFactory);
try {
List<FileItem> list = servletFileUpload.parseRequest(req);
for (FileItem fileItem : list) {
if (fileItem.isFormField()) {
System.out.println(fileItem.getFieldName());
System.out.println(fileItem.getString("UTF-8"));
} else {
System.out.println(fileItem.getFieldName());
System.out.println(fileItem.getName());
fileItem.write(new File("e:\\" + fileItem.getName()));
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
2. 文件的下载
- 下载的常用 API
- response.getOutputStream();
- servletContext.getResourceAsStream();
- servletContext.getMimeType();
- response.setContentType();
public class Download extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
String downloadFileName = "啊啊.png";
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType("/file/" + downloadFileName);
System.out.println("下载的文件类型" + mimeType);
resp.setContentType(mimeType);
resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(downloadFileName, "UTF-8"));
InputStream resourceAsStream = servletContext.getResourceAsStream("/file/" + downloadFileName);
OutputStream outputStream = resp.getOutputStream();
IOUtils.copy(resourceAsStream, outputStream);
}
}