通过将OC编译成C++ 一探究竟（边学编写，帮忙点评）

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-03 09:54:08 发布

agan11423

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-03 09:54:08 发布

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分类专栏： OC 文章标签： ios

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u014275966/article/details/115209770

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只说重点

找到类得信息，如下：

struct _class_t {
	struct _class_t *isa;
	struct _class_t *superclass;
	void *cache;
	void *vtable;
	struct _class_ro_t *ro;
};

struct _class_ro_t {
	unsigned int flags;
	unsigned int instanceStart;
	unsigned int instanceSize;
	const unsigned char *ivarLayout;
	const char *name;
	const struct _method_list_t *baseMethods;
	const struct _objc_protocol_list *baseProtocols;
	const struct _ivar_list_t *ivars;
	const unsigned char *weakIvarLayout;
	const struct _prop_list_t *properties;
};

_class_ro_t是类得其他信息，在里面我们可以找到我们平时用到得一些东西，如类名，方法列表、属性列表、继承的协议列表等

ro表示read only的意思，即只读，包含名称，方法，协议以及实例变量信息，因为是只读的，所以也就是WWDC说的clean memory，而clean memory在加载到内存后是不会发生改变的。

分类

分类信息如下：

struct _category_t {
	const char *name;
	struct _class_t *cls;
	const struct _method_list_t *instance_methods;
	const struct _method_list_t *class_methods;
	const struct _protocol_list_t *protocols;
	const struct _prop_list_t *properties;
};

上面得分类信息，也就是我们在写分类得时候可以添加什么，实例方法、类方法、协议、属性，成员变量是不能添加得，因为category得底层数据结构根本不支持，当然不排除你用别的方式来实现，实现可以参考这个文章：iOS-Category添加成员变量 Objective-C如何在category里加入成员变量

以下是本人实现得过程，仅做参考：

#import "Person.h"

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface Person (Category)
 
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *address;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *addressName;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *bigoo;

- (void) eat;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END


#import "Person+Category.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>

static void *strKey = &strKey;
static const char *kFriendsPropertyKey = "kFriendsPropertyKey";
static NSString *addressName_;
//
NSMutableDictionary *bigoos_;

@implementation Person (Category)

+ (void)load {
    bigoos_ = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
}

- (void)eat {
    NSLog(@"I eat");
}

//
- (NSString *)address {
    return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, kFriendsPropertyKey);
}

- (void)setAddress:(NSString *)address {
    objc_setAssociatedObject(self, kFriendsPropertyKey, address, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC);
}

//
- (void)setAddressName:(NSString *)addressName {
    addressName_ = addressName;
}

- (NSString *) addressName {
    return addressName_;
}

//
- (void)setBigoo:(NSString *)bigoo {
    bigoos_[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%p", self]] = bigoo;
}

-(NSString *)bigoo {
    return bigoos_[[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%p", self]];
}
@end

上面几种方法可以试试。

通过这两个地方我们再来理理objc源码里面是怎么写得，参考如下：

struct objc_class {
    Class _Nonnull isa  OBJC_ISA_AVAILABILITY;

#if !__OBJC2__
    Class _Nullable super_class                              OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    const char * _Nonnull name                               OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long version                                             OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long info                                                OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long instance_size                                       OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_ivar_list * _Nullable ivars                  OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_method_list * _Nullable * _Nullable methodLists                    OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_cache * _Nonnull cache                       OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_protocol_list * _Nullable protocols          OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
#endif

} OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;

上面得#if !__OBJC2__告诉我们是objc2的话，我们不能用？？？

好吧，我找到得是以下内容：

struct objc_class : objc_object {
    // Class ISA;
    Class superclass;
    cache_t cache;             // formerly cache pointer and vtable
    class_data_bits_t bits;    // class_rw_t * plus custom rr/alloc flags

    class_rw_t *data() { 
        return bits.data();
    }
    void setData(class_rw_t *newData) {
        bits.setData(newData);
    }

    void setInfo(uint32_t set) {
        assert(isFuture()  ||  isRealized());
        data()->setFlags(set);
    }

    void clearInfo(uint32_t clear) {
        assert(isFuture()  ||  isRealized());
        data()->clearFlags(clear);
    }

    // set and clear must not overlap
    void changeInfo(uint32_t set, uint32_t clear) {
        assert(isFuture()  ||  isRealized());
        assert((set & clear) == 0);
        data()->changeFlags(set, clear);
    }

    bool hasCustomRR() {
        return ! bits.hasDefaultRR();
    }
    void setHasDefaultRR() {
        assert(isInitializing());
        bits.setHasDefaultRR();
    }
    void setHasCustomRR(bool inherited = false);
    void printCustomRR(bool inherited);

    bool hasCustomAWZ() {
        return ! bits.hasDefaultAWZ();
    }
    void setHasDefaultAWZ() {
        assert(isInitializing());
        bits.setHasDefaultAWZ();
    }
    void setHasCustomAWZ(bool inherited = false);
    void printCustomAWZ(bool inherited);

    bool instancesRequireRawIsa() {
        return bits.instancesRequireRawIsa();
    }
    void setInstancesRequireRawIsa(bool inherited = false);
    void printInstancesRequireRawIsa(bool inherited);

    bool canAllocNonpointer() {
        assert(!isFuture());
        return !instancesRequireRawIsa();
    }
    bool canAllocFast() {
        assert(!isFuture());
        return bits.canAllocFast();
    }


    bool hasCxxCtor() {
        // addSubclass() propagates this flag from the superclass.
        assert(isRealized());
        return bits.hasCxxCtor();
    }
    void setHasCxxCtor() { 
        bits.setHasCxxCtor();
    }

    bool hasCxxDtor() {
        // addSubclass() propagates this flag from the superclass.
        assert(isRealized());
        return bits.hasCxxDtor();
    }
    void setHasCxxDtor() { 
        bits.setHasCxxDtor();
    }


    bool isSwiftStable() {
        return bits.isSwiftStable();
    }

    bool isSwiftLegacy() {
        return bits.isSwiftLegacy();
    }

    bool isAnySwift() {
        return bits.isAnySwift();
    }


    // Return YES if the class's ivars are managed by ARC, 
    // or the class is MRC but has ARC-style weak ivars.
    bool hasAutomaticIvars() {
        return data()->ro->flags & (RO_IS_ARC | RO_HAS_WEAK_WITHOUT_ARC);
    }

    // Return YES if the class's ivars are managed by ARC.
    bool isARC() {
        return data()->ro->flags & RO_IS_ARC;
    }


#if SUPPORT_NONPOINTER_ISA
    // Tracked in non-pointer isas; not tracked otherwise
#else
    bool instancesHaveAssociatedObjects() {
        // this may be an unrealized future class in the CF-bridged case
        assert(isFuture()  ||  isRealized());
        return data()->flags & RW_INSTANCES_HAVE_ASSOCIATED_OBJECTS;
    }

    void setInstancesHaveAssociatedObjects() {
        // this may be an unrealized future class in the CF-bridged case
        assert(isFuture()  ||  isRealized());
        setInfo(RW_INSTANCES_HAVE_ASSOCIATED_OBJECTS);
    }
#endif

    bool shouldGrowCache() {
        return true;
    }

    void setShouldGrowCache(bool) {
        // fixme good or bad for memory use?
    }

    bool isInitializing() {
        return getMeta()->data()->flags & RW_INITIALIZING;
    }

    void setInitializing() {
        assert(!isMetaClass());
        ISA()->setInfo(RW_INITIALIZING);
    }

    bool isInitialized() {
        return getMeta()->data()->flags & RW_INITIALIZED;
    }

    void setInitialized();

    bool isLoadable() {
        assert(isRealized());
        return true;  // any class registered for +load is definitely loadable
    }

    IMP getLoadMethod();

    // Locking: To prevent concurrent realization, hold runtimeLock.
    bool isRealized() {
        return data()->flags & RW_REALIZED;
    }

    // Returns true if this is an unrealized future class.
    // Locking: To prevent concurrent realization, hold runtimeLock.
    bool isFuture() { 
        return data()->flags & RW_FUTURE;
    }

    bool isMetaClass() {
        assert(this);
        assert(isRealized());
        return data()->ro->flags & RO_META;
    }

    // NOT identical to this->ISA when this is a metaclass
    Class getMeta() {
        if (isMetaClass()) return (Class)this;
        else return this->ISA();
    }

    bool isRootClass() {
        return superclass == nil;
    }
    bool isRootMetaclass() {
        return ISA() == (Class)this;
    }

    const char *mangledName() { 
        // fixme can't assert locks here
        assert(this);

        if (isRealized()  ||  isFuture()) {
            return data()->ro->name;
        } else {
            return ((const class_ro_t *)data())->name;
        }
    }
    
    const char *demangledName(bool realize = false);
    const char *nameForLogging();

    // May be unaligned depending on class's ivars.
    uint32_t unalignedInstanceStart() {
        assert(isRealized());
        return data()->ro->instanceStart;
    }

    // Class's instance start rounded up to a pointer-size boundary.
    // This is used for ARC layout bitmaps.
    uint32_t alignedInstanceStart() {
        return word_align(unalignedInstanceStart());
    }

    // May be unaligned depending on class's ivars.
    uint32_t unalignedInstanceSize() {
        assert(isRealized());
        return data()->ro->instanceSize;
    }

    // Class's ivar size rounded up to a pointer-size boundary.
    uint32_t alignedInstanceSize() {
        return word_align(unalignedInstanceSize());
    }

    size_t instanceSize(size_t extraBytes) {
        size_t size = alignedInstanceSize() + extraBytes;
        // CF requires all objects be at least 16 bytes.
        if (size < 16) size = 16;
        return size;
    }

    void setInstanceSize(uint32_t newSize) {
        assert(isRealized());
        if (newSize != data()->ro->instanceSize) {
            assert(data()->flags & RW_COPIED_RO);
            *const_cast<uint32_t *>(&data()->ro->instanceSize) = newSize;
        }
        bits.setFastInstanceSize(newSize);
    }

    void chooseClassArrayIndex();

    void setClassArrayIndex(unsigned Idx) {
        bits.setClassArrayIndex(Idx);
    }

    unsigned classArrayIndex() {
        return bits.classArrayIndex();
    }

};

不能向编译后得到的类中增加实例变量：因为编译后的类已经注册在 runtime 中,类结构体中的 objc_ivar_list 实例变量的链表和 instance_size 实例变量的内存大小已经确定，同时runtime会调用 class_setvarlayout 或 class_setWeaklvarLayout 来处理strong weak 引用.所以不能向存在的类中添加实例变量，可以看看文章开头编译成C++ 得到得类的实际情况。

能向运行时创建的类中添加实例变量：运行时创建的类是可以添加实例变量，调用class_addIvar函数. 但是的在调用 objc_allocateClassPair 之后，objc_registerClassPair 之前,原因同上