MongoDB按需物化视图介绍

注意

本页的内容讨论了按需物化视图。有关视图的讨论，请参阅视图。

从4.2版本开始，MongoDB为aggregation pipeline添加了$merge阶段。此阶段可以将管道结果合并到现有集合中，而不是完全替换现有集合。此功能允许用户创建按需物化视图，每次运行管道时都可以更新输出集合的内容。

示例

假设现在接近2019年1月末，集合bakesales包含按项目分类的销售信息：

db.bakesales.insertMany( [   { date: new ISODate("2018-12-01"), item: "Cake - Chocolate", quantity: 2, amount: new NumberDecimal("60") },   { date: new ISODate("2018-12-02"), item: "Cake - Peanut Butter", quantity: 5, amount: new NumberDecimal("90") },   { date: new ISODate("2018-12-02"), item: "Cake - Red Velvet", quantity: 10, amount: new NumberDecimal("200") },   { date: new ISODate("2018-12-04"), item: "Cookies - Chocolate Chip", quantity: 20, amount: new NumberDecimal("80") },   { date: new ISODate("2018-12-04"), item: "Cake - Peanut Butter", quantity: 1, amount: new NumberDecimal("16") },   { date: new ISODate("2018-12-05"), item: "Pie - Key Lime", quantity: 3, amount: new NumberDecimal("60") },   { date: new ISODate("2019-01-25"), item: "Cake - Chocolate", quantity: 2, amount: new NumberDecimal("60") },   { date: new ISODate("2019-01-25"), item: "Cake - Peanut Butter", quantity: 1, amount: new NumberDecimal("16") },   { date: new ISODate("2019-01-26"), item: "Cake - Red Velvet", quantity: 5, amount: new NumberDecimal("100") },   { date: new ISODate("2019-01-26"), item: "Coo