Matplotlib绘制雷达图和三维图

1.雷达图

程序示例

'''1.空白极坐标图'''
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.polar()
plt.show()

'''2.绘制一个极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 极坐标(0.25*pi,20)
plt.polar(0.25*np.pi, 20, 'ro', lw=2)   # 'ro'红色圆点
plt.ylim(0,50)
plt.show()

'''3.绘制多个极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro', lw=2)   # 'ro'红色圆点
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()

'''4.链接极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro-', lw=2)
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()

'''5.闭合链接极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 只需在末尾添加一个和起始点重合的点
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2,0.25])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70, 75]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro-', lw=2)
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()

'''6.填充颜色'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 只需在末尾添加一个和起始点重合的点
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2,0.25])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70, 75]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro-', lw=2)
plt.fill(theta*np.pi, r, facecolor='r', alpha=0.5)  # 填充
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()

'''7.绘制成绩雷达图'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

courses = ['C++', 'Python', 'Java', 'C', 'C#', 'Go', 'Matlab']
scores = [82,100,90,78,40,66,88]

datalength = len(scores)
angles = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, datalength, endpoint=False)    # 均分极坐标

scores.append(scores[0])    # 在末尾添加第一个值，保证曲线闭合
angles = np.append(angles, angles[0])

plt.polar(angles, scores, 'rv-', lw=2)
plt.thetagrids(angles*180/np.pi, courses, fontproperties='simhei')
plt.fill(angles, scores, facecolor='r', alpha=0.4)

 2.三维图

 

程序示例

'''1.绘制三维曲线，并设置图例字号'''
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.font_manager as fm
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D # 不可缺少

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')   # 设置图像属性

# 测试数据
theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4*np.pi, 100)
z = np.linspace(-4,4,100) * 0.3
r = z**4 + 1
x = r*np.sin(theta)
y = r*np.cos(theta)

ax.plot(x,y,z,'b^-', label='3D 测试曲线')
# 设置图例的字体，字号
font = fm.FontProperties('simhei')
mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize'] = 10
ax.legend(prop=font)

plt.show()

'''2.绘制三维柱状图，并每个柱子颜色随机'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import mpl_toolkits.mplot3d

x = np.random.randint(0,40,10)
y = np.random.randint(0,40,10)
z = 80*abs(np.sin(x+y))

ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')

for xx, yy, zz in zip(x,y,z):
    color = np.random.random(3)
    ax.bar3d(xx, yy, 0, dx=1, dy=1, dz=zz, color=color)

ax.set_xlabel('X轴', fontproperties='simhei')
ax.set_ylabel('Y轴', fontproperties='simhei')
ax.set_zlabel('Z轴', fontproperties='simhei')

plt.show()

参考：读芯术python课程学习