小猪的Android入门之路 Day 8 part 6

最新推荐文章于 2017-09-25 11:39:54 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2017-09-25 11:39:54 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u014450015/article/details/50472665

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Android网络编程浅析——Socket网络编程初涉

——转载请注明出处:coder-pig

本节引言

终于迎来了Android网络编程的最后一节:Android中的Socket编程,在这一节中我们

首先需要对TCP/IP协议的概念,以及Socket的相关知识进行介绍,接着介绍下Socket的简单

流程,最后使用Socket创建简单的Android聊天室以及Socket实现大文件的断点上传

好了,开始本节内容!

本节学习路线图:

正文:

TCP/IP和Socket的简单了解:

Socket通信的基本流程:

简单的Socket网络聊天室实例:

相信学过Java的朋友在Java网络那里就已经学过使用socket搭建简单的聊天室了;

我们首先需要创建一个作为服务端的Java app,和Java的是一样的;

接着我们需要创建一个Android app用于发送与显示聊天信息,这里可别忘了以下两点:

①Android 4.0后是不允许在主线程中进行网络操作的,所以需要另外开辟一条线程

②为了保证Android线程安全,对于界面的修改,只能在主线程中进行;或者通过handler,在

子线程中调用handler发送信息的方法,调用handler完成界面组件的修改

为了照顾一些对Java不熟的朋友,先写个简单的socket连服务端的程序,给大家熟悉熟悉

运行效果如下:

代码如下:

Java服务端:

Server.java

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package com.jay.pc.demo;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
//定义端口号
private static final int PORT = 9999;
public static void main(String[] args) {
try
{
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(PORT);
//这里堵塞,无限循环,调用accept方法,等待客户端连接
while(true)
{
Socket socket = server.accept();
//获取输出流
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
//写字符串,出现中文要进行转码哦,不然会出现乱码的情况
writer.write(new String("连接服务器成功那么这个时候问题来了？".getBytes("UTF-8"),"GBK"));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}
}catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace();}
}
}

Android客户端:

activty_main.xml布局文件:

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<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/LinearLayout1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.jay.example.socketdemo1.MainActivity" >
<Button
android:id="@+id/btnlogin"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="连接服务器" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:id="@+id/txtshow"
/>
</LinearLayout>

MainActivty.java

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package com.jay.example.socketdemo1;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button btnlogin;
private TextView txtshow;
private String send;
//定义ip地址与端口号常量
private static final String HOST = "192.168.27.172";
private static final int PORT = 9999;
// 定义Handler对象
private Handler handler = new Handler() {
@Override
// 当有消息发送出来的时候就执行Handler的这个方法
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
// 处理UI
txtshow.setText(send);
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnlogin = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnlogin);
txtshow = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtshow);
btnlogin.setOnClickListener(new AcceptListener());
}
class AcceptListener implements View.OnClickListener
{
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
new Thread()
{
public void run()
{
try
{
Socket socket = new Socket(HOST,PORT);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
send = br.readLine();
br.close();
}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
};
}.start();
}
}
}

好了,估计大家看完上面这个代码以后,对socket聊天室的大概原理流程都有了初步的了解了吧,

那么我们就继续开发一个可以多个用户同时聊天的简单聊天室吧!效果图如下:

接着开启两个客户端,进行聊天,运行客户端后,控制台可以查看到当前在线的有两个用户,以及他们的ip

接着我们打开两个模拟器,进行聊天,从图中我们可以看到两个模拟器都是实时聊天的,发送后即时显示!

最后,当我们输如bye的时候,客户端会断开与服务端的连接,在另一客户端中也可以看到,某某退出的信息!

同样的,在服务端的Console控制台上也可以看到聊天记录:

看完效果图,是不是有点心动了,好的,接下来我们就要用代码去实现了

服务端:server.java

安卓端(客户端)

*Android使用Socket实现大文件的断点续传

前面我们已经学过使用Http协议来完成文件的上传,但是这样上传有一个弊病就是,对于大文件来说

显得有点坑爹,万一传到一半哐当,手机没电关机了,那么就下次又必须重新上传了,这样显然是会引起

用户不满的(用户是很急躁的),于是乎我们要使用socket来完成大文件的上传操作,并且加入断点功能

和前面的多线程断点下载有点类似,笔者水平有限,而且鉴于时间关系,也不自己敲出整个程序来了;

这里直接用传智播客老师——黎明活老师提供的代码了,为了方便大家掌握使用,也会解析下程序!

好了,那么先看下效果先!

先把要上传的文件拖拉到sd卡目录下,接着先开启服务端,然后再运行客户端,点击上传!

上传完成后,来到server的工程路径下,可以看到在file路径下可以找到我们上传的文件以及一个日志文件

当然,你也可以下到一半然后退出模拟器,再次上传文件,验证断点上传的功能是否有效！

好了,下面就让我们来解析下实现的代码!

只是大概地解释下流程,还需自己看看代码哦!

参考代码如下:

首先是服务端和客户端都有的流解析类:

StreamTool.java

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import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PushbackInputStream;
public class StreamTool {
public static void save(File file, byte[] data) throws Exception {
FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
outStream.write(data);
outStream.close();
}
public static String readLine(PushbackInputStream in) throws IOException {
char buf[] = new char[128];
int room = buf.length;
int offset = 0;
int c;
loop: while (true) {
switch (c = in.read()) {
case -1:
case '\n':
break loop;
case '\r':
int c2 = in.read();
if ((c2 != '\n') && (c2 != -1)) in.unread(c2);
break loop;
default:
if (--room < 0) {
char[] lineBuffer = buf;
buf = new char[offset + 128];
room = buf.length - offset - 1;
System.arraycopy(lineBuffer, 0, buf, 0, offset);
}
buf[offset++] = (char) c;
break;
}
}
if ((c == -1) && (offset == 0)) return null;
return String.copyValueOf(buf, 0, offset);
}
/**
* 读取流
* @param inStream
* @return 字节数组
* @throws Exception
*/
public static byte[] readStream(InputStream inStream) throws Exception{
ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
return outSteam.toByteArray();
}
}

服务端:

FileServer.java

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package com.jay.pc.example;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PushbackInputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class FileServer {
private ExecutorService executorService;//线程池
private int port;//监听端口
private boolean quit = false;//退出
private ServerSocket server;
private Map<Long, FileLog> datas = new HashMap<Long, FileLog>();//存放断点数据
public FileServer(int port){
this.port = port;
//创建线程池，池中具有(cpu个数*50)条线程
executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 50);
}
/**
* 退出
*/
public void quit(){
this.quit = true;
try {
server.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
/**
* 启动服务
* @throws Exception
*/
public void start() throws Exception{
server = new ServerSocket(port);
while(!quit){
try {
Socket socket = server.accept();
//为支持多用户并发访问，采用线程池管理每一个用户的连接请求
executorService.execute(new SocketTask(socket));
} catch (Exception e) {
// e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
private final class SocketTask implements Runnable{
private Socket socket = null;
public SocketTask(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("accepted connection "+ socket.getInetAddress()+ ":"+ socket.getPort());
PushbackInputStream inStream = new PushbackInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
//得到客户端发来的第一行协议数据：Content-Length=143253434;filename=xxx.3gp;sourceid=
//如果用户初次上传文件，sourceid的值为空。
String head = StreamTool.readLine(inStream);
System.out.println(head);
if(head!=null){
//下面从协议数据中提取各项参数值
String[] items = head.split(";");
String filelength = items[0].substring(items[0].indexOf("=")+1);
String filename = items[1].substring(items[1].indexOf("=")+1);
String sourceid = items[2].substring(items[2].indexOf("=")+1);
long id = System.currentTimeMillis();//生产资源id，如果需要唯一性，可以采用UUID
FileLog log = null;
if(sourceid!=null && !"".equals(sourceid)){
id = Long.valueOf(sourceid);
log = find(id);//查找上传的文件是否存在上传记录
}
File file = null;
int position = 0;
if(log==null){//如果不存在上传记录,为文件添加跟踪记录
String path = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd/HH/mm").format(new Date());
File dir = new File("file/"+ path);
if(!dir.exists()) dir.mkdirs();
file = new File(dir, filename);
if(file.exists()){//如果上传的文件发生重名，然后进行改名
filename = filename.substring(0, filename.indexOf(".")-1)+ dir.listFiles().length+ filename.substring(filename.indexOf("."));
file = new File(dir, filename);
}
save(id, file);
}else{// 如果存在上传记录,读取已经上传的数据长度
file = new File(log.getPath());//从上传记录中得到文件的路径
if(file.exists()){
File logFile = new File(file.getParentFile(), file.getName()+".log");
if(logFile.exists()){
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.load(new FileInputStream(logFile));
position = Integer.valueOf(properties.getProperty("length"));//读取已经上传的数据长度
}
}
}
OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
String response = "sourceid="+ id+ ";position="+ position+ "\r\n";
//服务器收到客户端的请求信息后，给客户端返回响应信息：sourceid=1274773833264;position=0
//sourceid由服务器端生成，唯一标识上传的文件，position指示客户端从文件的什么位置开始上传
outStream.write(response.getBytes());
RandomAccessFile fileOutStream = new RandomAccessFile(file, "rwd");
if(position==0) fileOutStream.setLength(Integer.valueOf(filelength));//设置文件长度
fileOutStream.seek(position);//指定从文件的特定位置开始写入数据
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
int length = position;
while( (len=inStream.read(buffer)) != -1){//从输入流中读取数据写入到文件中
fileOutStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
length += len;
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put("length", String.valueOf(length));
FileOutputStream logFile = new FileOutputStream(new File(file.getParentFile(), file.getName()+".log"));
properties.store(logFile, null);//实时记录已经接收的文件长度
logFile.close();
}
if(length==fileOutStream.length()) delete(id);
fileOutStream.close();
inStream.close();
outStream.close();
file = null;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(socket!=null && !socket.isClosed()) socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {}
}
}
}
public FileLog find(Long sourceid){
return datas.get(sourceid);
}
//保存上传记录
public void save(Long id, File saveFile){
//日后可以改成通过数据库存放
datas.put(id, new FileLog(id, saveFile.getAbsolutePath()));
}
//当文件上传完毕，删除记录
public void delete(long sourceid){
if(datas.containsKey(sourceid)) datas.remove(sourceid);
}
private class FileLog{
private Long id;
private String path;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getPath() {
return path;
}
public void setPath(String path) {
this.path = path;
}
public FileLog(Long id, String path) {
this.id = id;
this.path = path;
}
}
}

服务端界面类:ServerWindow.java

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package com.jay.pc.example;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
public class ServerWindow extends Frame{
private FileServer s = new FileServer(7878);
private Label label;
public ServerWindow(String title){
super(title);
label = new Label();
add(label, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
label.setText("服务器已经启动");
this.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() {
public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
s.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
//e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}
public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {
}
public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {
}
public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {
}
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
s.quit();
System.exit(0);
}
public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
}
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
}
});
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServerWindow window = new ServerWindow("文件上传服务端");
window.setSize(300, 300);
window.setVisible(true);
}
}

客户端(Android端)

布局文件main.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/filename"
/>
<EditText
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="twelve.mp3"
android:id="@+id/filename"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="@string/button"
android:id="@+id/button"
/>
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="停止"
android:id="@+id/button1"
/>
<ProgressBar
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="20px"
style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
android:id="@+id/uploadbar"
/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:id="@+id/result"
/>
</LinearLayout>

数据库与数据库操作类:

DBOpenHelper.java

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package cn.itcast.service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;
public class DBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
public DBOpenHelper(Context context) {
super(context, "itcast.db", null, 1);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS uploadlog (_id integer primary key autoincrement, path varchar(20), sourceid varchar(20))");
}
@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}

UploadLogService.java

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package cn.itcast.service;
import java.io.File;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
public class UploadLogService {
private DBOpenHelper dbOpenHelper;
public UploadLogService(Context context){
dbOpenHelper = new DBOpenHelper(context);
}
public String getBindId(File file){
SQLiteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select sourceid from uploadlog where path=?", new String[]{file.getAbsolutePath()});
if(cursor.moveToFirst()){
return cursor.getString(0);
}
return null;
}
public void save(String sourceid, File file){
SQLiteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
db.execSQL("insert into uploadlog(path,sourceid) values(?,?)",
new Object[]{file.getAbsolutePath(), sourceid});
}
public void delete(File file){
SQLiteDatabase db = dbOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
db.execSQL("delete from uploadlog where path=?", new Object[]{file.getAbsolutePath()});
}
}

主界面:MainActivity.java

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package cn.itcast.upload;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PushbackInputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.Socket;
import cn.itcast.service.UploadLogService;
import cn.itcast.utils.StreamTool;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private EditText filenameText;
private TextView resultView;
private ProgressBar uploadbar;
private UploadLogService service;
private boolean flag = true;
private Handler handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
uploadbar.setProgress(msg.getData().getInt("length"));
float num = (float)uploadbar.getProgress() / (float)uploadbar.getMax();
int result = (int)(num * 100);
resultView.setText(result + "%");
if(uploadbar.getProgress() == uploadbar.getMax()){
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.success, 1).show();
}
}
};
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
service = new UploadLogService(this);
filenameText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.filename);
resultView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.result);
uploadbar = (ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.uploadbar);
Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button);
Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
flag = false;
}
});
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) {
String filename = filenameText.getText().toString();
flag = true;
if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), filename);
if(file.exists()){
uploadbar.setMax((int)file.length());
uploadFile(file);
}else{
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.notexsit, 1).show();
}
}else{
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.sdcarderror, 1).show();
}
}
});
}
private void uploadFile(final File file) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
String sourceid = service.getBindId(file);
Socket socket = new Socket("192.168.10.64", 7878);
OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
String head = "Content-Length="+ file.length() + ";filename="+ file.getName()
+ ";sourceid="+(sourceid!=null ? sourceid : "")+"\r\n";
outStream.write(head.getBytes());
PushbackInputStream inStream = new PushbackInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
String response = StreamTool.readLine(inStream);
String[] items = response.split(";");
String responseSourceid = items[0].substring(items[0].indexOf("=")+1);
String position = items[1].substring(items[1].indexOf("=")+1);
if(sourceid==null){//如果是第一次上传文件，在数据库中不存在该文件所绑定的资源id
service.save(responseSourceid, file);
}
RandomAccessFile fileOutStream = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
fileOutStream.seek(Integer.valueOf(position));
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len = -1;
int length = Integer.valueOf(position);
while( flag&&(len = fileOutStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
length += len;//累加已经上传的数据长度
Message msg = new Message();
msg.getData().putInt("length", length);
handler.sendMessage(msg);
}
if(length == file.length()) service.delete(file);
fileOutStream.close();
outStream.close();
inStream.close();
socket.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, R.string.error, 1).show();
}
}
}).start();
}
}

另外别忘了添加下述权限哦!

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

ps;读者在原来的黎明活老师的代码基础上添加了停止按钮,是通过判断flag是否为false实现的!

本节相关代码下载:

1.soceke连接到服务端服务端发送的信息:点击下载

2.socket简易聊天室:点击下载

3.socket实现大文件的断点续传:点击下载

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小猪的Android入门之路 Day 8 part 6

Android网络编程浅析——Socket网络编程初涉——转载请注明出处:coder-pig本节引言终于迎来了Android网络编程的最后一节:Android中的Socket编程,在这一节中我们首先需要对TCP/IP协议的概念,以及Socket的相关知识进行介绍,接着介绍下Socket的简单流程,最后使用Socket创建简单的Android聊天室
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