单例模式

1.饿汉模式

public class SingleTon{
    private static Singleton INSTANCE= new Singleton();
    private Singleton(){}
    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return INSTANCE;
    }    
}

以时间换空间

2.静态内部类

public class SingleTon{
    private SingleTon(){}
    private static class SingleTonHolder(){
    private static SingleTon INSTANCE = new SingleTon();
    }
    public static SingleTon getInstance(){
        return SingleTonHolder.INSTANCE;
    }
}

外部类加载时,不会立即加载内部类,内部类不被加载就不会初始化,也就是不占用内存空间

线程安全,

3.双重锁

public class SingleTon{
    private SingleTon(){}
    private statitc volatile SingleTon singleTon ;
    public SingleTon getInstance(){
        if(singleTon ==null){
            Sychronized(SingleTon.class){
                if(singleTon == null){
                    singleTon =new SingleTon();
                }
            }
        }
        return singleTon;
    }
}

对象需要时才创建,

volatile 关键字  保证了内存可见性,防止了指令重排,也就是说当java正在创建类对象时,避免此时判断对象为空进行多线程创建,从而保证了线程安全和单例唯一性