Hduoj2899【三分法 数学】

/*Strange fuction
Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 3102    Accepted Submission(s): 2292


Problem Description
Now, here is a fuction:
  F(x) = 6 * x^7+8*x^6+7*x^3+5*x^2-y*x (0 <= x <=100)
Can you find the minimum value when x is between 0 and 100.
 
Input
The first line of the input contains an integer T(1<=T<=100) which means the number of test cases. Then T lines follow, each line has only one 
real numbers Y.(0 < Y <1e10)

Output
Just the minimum value (accurate up to 4 decimal places),when x is between 0 and 100.

Sample Input
2
100
200

Sample Output
-74.4291
-178.8534
 
Author
Redow
*/
#include<stdio.h>
double Y;
double  f(double x)
{
        return 6*x*x*x*x*x*x*x + 8*x*x*x*x*x*x + 7*x*x*x + 5*x*x - Y*x;
}
double ans()
{
	double a = 0, b = 100, x, y;
	while(b - a > 1e-6)//误差允许范围
	{
		x = a + (b-a) / 3;
		y = a + (b - a) / 3 * 2;
		if( f(x) > f(y))//每次挑出最大的直至接近最小值
		a = x;
		else
		b = y;
	}
	return f(a);
}
int main()
{
	int t;
	scanf("%d", &t);
	while(t--)
	{
		scanf("%lf", &Y);
		printf("%.4lf\n", ans());
	}
	return 0;
}

题意：给出一个函数f(x)，其中还有一个未知系数y，输入y，求当x属于区间[0，100]时f(x)的最小值。(y>0)

思路：由于y>0&x>0，所以根据函数的求导可以发现最小值必然存在于(0,+∞)之间，然后我们就可以确定三分法必定可以取到最小值，每次更新区间函数对应的最大值，使得最大值越来越趋近于最小值，当误差小于题目要求的范围时即可输出最小值。

注意：double误差：

难点：要掌握三分法求方程解