linux下离线安装mysql

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1.在安装之前需要把之前的Mysql卸载干净 ，然后再安装
卸载 
yum remove mysql*
yum remove MySQL*


2.把MySQL-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 解压
tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C /opt/mysql/
	如果没有安装包可以在官网下载
	mysql百度网盘下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jH6TTxO

3.进入/opt/mysql
	[root@localhost mysql]# ls
	MySQL-client-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm    MySQL-server-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm         MySQL-test-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
	MySQL-devel-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm     MySQL-shared-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
	MySQL-embedded-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm  MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
4.安装MySql

	[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-*
	warning: MySQL-client-5.6.36-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
	Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
	   1:MySQL-devel            ########################################### [ 14%]
	   2:MySQL-client           ########################################### [ 29%]
	   3:MySQL-test             ########################################### [ 43%]
	   4:MySQL-embedded         ########################################### [ 57%]
	   5:MySQL-shared-compat    ########################################### [ 71%]
	   6:MySQL-shared           ########################################### [ 86%]
	   7:MySQL-server           ########################################### [100%]



	安装完毕后会出现如下信息：
	
	A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
	You will find that password in '/root/.mysql_secret'.

	You must change that password on your first connect,
	no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
	See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag.

	Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.

	In addition, you can run:

	  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

	which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
	This is strongly recommended for production servers.

	See the manual for more instructions.

	Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

	The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

	  http://www.mysql.com

	Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

	New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
	will be used by default by the server when you start it.
	You may edit this file to change server settings
5.启动MySQL服务
		
	[root@localhost mysql]# service mysql start
	Starting MySQL.Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
	....... SUCCESS!
6.查看初始密码

	[root@localhost mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
	# The random password set for the root user at Sat Jul 15 17:07:19 2017 (local time): NzpVcOckkRXmngBD
	
	NzpVcOckkRXmngBD          #这个就是你的初始密码，以自己查出来的为准
7.更改密码
	[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation



	NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
		  SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

	In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
	password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and
	you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
	so you should just press enter here.

	Enter current password for root (enter for none):       #把刚刚查出的密码粘贴到这里，回车
	OK, successfully used password, moving on...

	Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
	root user without the proper authorisation.

	You already have a root password set, so you can safely answer 'n'.

	Change the root password? [Y/n] y
	New password:                                           #输入你的新密码
	Re-enter new password: 
	Password updated successfully!
	Reloading privilege tables..
	 ... Success!


	By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
	to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
	them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
	go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
	production environment.

	Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
	 ... Success!

	Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
	ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

	Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
	 ... Success!

	By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
	access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
	before moving into a production environment.

	Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
	 - Dropping test database...
	 ... Success!
	 - Removing privileges on test database...
	 ... Success!

	Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
	will take effect immediately.

	Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
	 ... Success!




	All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
	installation should now be secure.

	Thanks for using MySQL!


	Cleaning up...
8.测试连接
	[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
	Enter password: 
	Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
	Your MySQL connection id is 12
	Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

	Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

	Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
	affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
	owners.

	Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

	mysql> 
9.温馨提示：
	#切记在安装之前一定要卸载干净
	#一定要注意是否符合你的linux的版本
	#网盘为你提供linux6和linux7的mysql安装包
	#redhat下载：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1dFkZDst