atoi

最新推荐文章于 2022-07-31 17:44:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-07-31 17:44:18 发布

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分类专栏： C++函数文章标签： c++ string function

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function

  <cstdlib> 

atoi

int atoi (const char * str);

Convert string to integer

千万注意啦！！！是int 类型！！！在目前的编译器中和long一样。是9位。如果超出则会爆！！！

123456789可以， 1234567890不行。因为乘以2后超出范围。

Enter a number: 123456789123456789

The value entered is -1395630315. Its double is 1503706666.

--------------------------------
Process exited with return value 0
Press any key to continue . . .

Parses the C-string str interpreting its content as an integral number, which is returned as a value of type int.

The function first discards as many whitespace characters (as in isspace) as necessary until the first non-whitespace character is found. Then, starting from this character, takes an optional initial plus or minus sign followed by as many base-10 digits as possible, and interprets them as a numerical value.

The string can contain additional characters after those that form the integral number, which are ignored and have no effect on the behavior of this function.

If the first sequence of non-whitespace characters in str is not a valid integral number, or if no such sequence exists because either str is empty or it contains only whitespace characters, no conversion is performed and zero is returned.

Parameters

str

C-string beginning with the representation of an integral number.

Return Value

On success, the function returns the converted integral number as an int value.
If the converted value would be out of the range of representable values by an int, it causes undefined behavior. See strtol for a more robust cross-platform alternative when this is a possibility.

Example

/* atoi example */
#include <stdio.h>      /* printf, fgets */
#include <stdlib.h>     /* atoi */

int main ()
{
  int i;
  char buffer[256];
  printf ("Enter a number: ");
  fgets (buffer, 256, stdin);
  i = atoi (buffer);
  printf ("The value entered is %d. Its double is %d.\n",i,i*2);
  return 0;
}

Output:


Enter a number: 73
The value entered is 73. Its double is 146.

Data races

The array pointed by str is accessed.

Exceptions (C++)

No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.

If str does not point to a valid C-string, or if the converted value would be out of the range of values representable by an int, it causes undefined behavior.