SDWebImage 源码解析

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 21:13:15 发布

RichChane

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-06 21:13:15 发布

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分类专栏： iOS拾遗文章标签： iOS拾遗

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u014773226/article/details/97499241

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相信对于广大的iOS开发者，对SDWebImage并不会陌生，这个框架通过给UIImageView和UIButton添加分类，实现一个异步下载图片并且支持缓存的功能。整个框架的接口非常简洁，每个类的分工都很明确，是很值得大家学习的。

在使用这个框架的时候，只需要提供一个下载的url和占位图就可以在回调里拿到下载后的图片：

[imageview sd_setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@“pic.jpg”] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@“placeholder”] completed:^(UIImage * _Nullable image, NSError * _Nullable error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, NSURL * _Nullable imageURL) {

    imageview.image = image;
    NSLog(@"图片加载完成");

}];
而且我们还可以不设置占位图片，也可以不使用回调的block，非常灵活:

//图片下载完成后直接显示下载后的图片
[imageview sd_setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@“pic.jpg”]];
在最开始先简单介绍这个框架：

这个框架的核心类是SDWebImageManger，在外部有UIImageView+WebCache 和 UIButton+WebCache 为下载图片的操作提供接口。内部有SDWebImageManger负责处理和协调 SDWebImageDownloader 和 SDWebImageCache：SDWebImageDownloader负责具体的下载任务，SDWebImageCache负责关于缓存的工作：添加，删除，查询缓存。

首先我们大致看一下这个框架的调用流程图：

SDWebImage

SDWebImage
从这个流程图里可以大致看出，该框架分为两个层：UIKit层（负责接收下载参数）和工具层（负责下载操作和缓存）。

OK～基本流程大概清楚了，我们看一下每个层具体实现吧～

UIKit层

该框架最外层的类是UIImageView +WebCache，我们将图片的URL，占位图片直接给这个类。下面是这个类的公共接口：

// ============== UIImageView + WebCache.h ============== //

(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url;
(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder;
(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder
options:(SDWebImageOptions)options;
(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
completed:(nullable SDExternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock;
(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder
completed:(nullable SDExternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock;
(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder
options:(SDWebImageOptions)options
completed:(nullable SDExternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock;
(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder
options:(SDWebImageOptions)options
progress:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completed:(nullable SDExternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock;
可以看出，这个类提供的接口非常灵活，可以根据我们自己的需求来调用其中某一个方法，而这些方法到最后都会走到：

// ============== UIView+ WebCache.m ============== //

(void)sd_setImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder
options:(SDWebImageOptions)options
progress:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completed:(nullable SDExternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock;
而这个方法里面，调用的是UIView+WebCache分类的：

// ============== UIView+ WebCache.m ============== //

(void)sd_internalSetImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholder
options:(SDWebImageOptions)options
operationKey:(nullable NSString *)operationKey
setImageBlock:(nullable SDSetImageBlock)setImageBlock
progress:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completed:(nullable SDExternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock;
为什么不是UIImageView+WebCache而要上一层到UIView的分类里呢？
因为SDWebImage框架也支持UIButton的下载图片等方法，所以需要在它们的父类：UIView里面统一一个下载方法。
简单看一下这个方法的实现（省略的代码用…代替）：

// ============== UIView+ WebCache.m ============== //

//valid key：UIImageView || UIButton
NSString *validOperationKey = operationKey ?: NSStringFromClass([self class]);
//UIView+WebCacheOperation 的 operationDictionary
//下面这行代码是保证没有当前正在进行的异步下载操作, 使它不会与即将进行的操作发生冲突
[self sd_cancelImageLoadOperationWithKey:validOperationKey];


//添加临时的占位图（在不延迟添加占位图的option下）
if (!(options & SDWebImageDelayPlaceholder)) {
    dispatch_main_async_safe(^{
        [self sd_setImage:placeholder imageData:nil basedOnClassOrViaCustomSetImageBlock:setImageBlock];
    });
}

//如果url存在
if (url) {

   ...
    __weak __typeof(self)wself = self;

   //SDWebImageManager下载图片
    id <SDWebImageOperation> operation = [SDWebImageManager.sharedManager loadImageWithURL:url options:options progress:progressBlock completed:^(UIImage *image, NSData *data, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, BOOL finished, NSURL *imageURL) {

        ...
        //dispatch_main_sync_safe : 保证block能在主线程进行
        dispatch_main_async_safe(^{

            if (!sself) {
                return;
            }

            if (image && (options & SDWebImageAvoidAutoSetImage) && completedBlock) {
                 //image，而且不自动替换 placeholder image
                completedBlock(image, error, cacheType, url);
                return;

            } else if (image) {
                //存在image，需要马上替换 placeholder image
                [sself sd_setImage:image imageData:data basedOnClassOrViaCustomSetImageBlock:setImageBlock];
                [sself sd_setNeedsLayout];

            } else {                    
                //没有image，在图片下载完之后显示 placeholder image
                if ((options & SDWebImageDelayPlaceholder)) {
                    [sself sd_setImage:placeholder imageData:nil basedOnClassOrViaCustomSetImageBlock:setImageBlock];
                    [sself sd_setNeedsLayout];
                }
            }

            if (completedBlock && finished) {
                completedBlock(image, error, cacheType, url);
            }
        });
    }];

    //在操作缓存字典（operationDictionary）里添加operation，表示当前的操作正在进行
    [self sd_setImageLoadOperation:operation forKey:validOperationKey];

} else {
    //如果url不存在，就在completedBlock里传入error（url为空）
    dispatch_main_async_safe(^{
        [self sd_removeActivityIndicator];
        if (completedBlock) {
            NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain:SDWebImageErrorDomain code:-1 userInfo:@{NSLocalizedDescriptionKey : @"Trying to load a nil url"}];
            completedBlock(nil, error, SDImageCacheTypeNone, url);
        }
    });
}

值得一提的是，在这一层，使用一个字典operationDictionary专门用作存储操作的缓存，随时添加，删除操作任务。
而这个字典是UIView+WebCacheOperation分类的关联对象，它的存取方法使用运行时来操作：
// ============== UIView+WebCacheOperation.m ============== //
//获取关联对象：operations（用来存放操作的字典）

(SDOperationsDictionary *)operationDictionary {
SDOperationsDictionary *operations = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &loadOperationKey);
//存放操作的字典
if (operations) {
return operations;
}

//如果没有，就新建一个
operations = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];

objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &loadOperationKey, operations, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
return operations;
}
为什么不直接在UIImageView+WebCache里直接关联这个对象呢？我觉得这里作者应该是遵从面向对象的单一职责原则（SRP：Single responsibility principle），就连类都要履行这个职责，何况分类呢？这里作者专门创造一个分类UIView+WebCacheOperation来管理操作缓存（字典）。
到这里，UIKit层上面的东西都讲完了，现在开始正式讲解工具层。

工具层

上文提到过，SDWebImageManager同时管理SDImageCache和SDWebImageDownloader两个类，它是这一层的老大哥。在下载任务开始的时候，SDWebImageManager首先访问SDImageCache来查询是否存在缓存，如果有缓存，直接返回缓存的图片。如果没有缓存，就命令SDWebImageDownloader来下载图片，下载成功后，存入缓存，显示图片。以上是SDWebImageManager大致的工作流程。

在详细讲解SDWebImageManager是如何下载图片之前，我们先看一下这个类的几个重要的属性：

// ============== SDWebImageManager.h ============== //
@property (strong, nonatomic, readwrite, nonnull) SDImageCache imageCache;//管理缓存
@property (strong, nonatomic, readwrite, nonnull) SDWebImageDownloader //下载器imageDownloader;
@property (strong, nonatomic, nonnull) NSMutableSet<NSURL *> *failedURLs;//记录失效url的名单
@property (strong, nonatomic, nonnull) NSMutableArray<SDWebImageCombinedOperation *> *runningOperations;//记录当前正在执行的操作
SDWebImageManager下载图片的方法只有一个：

[SDWebImageManager.sharedManager loadImageWithURL:options:progress:completed:]
看一下这个方法的具体实现：

// ============== SDWebImageManager.m ============== //

(id )loadImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
options:(SDWebImageOptions)options
progress:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completed:(nullable SDInternalCompletionBlock)completedBlock {
…
//在SDImageCache里查询是否存在缓存的图片
operation.cacheOperation = [self.imageCache queryCacheOperationForKey:key done:^(UIImage *cachedImage, NSData *cachedData, SDImageCacheType cacheType) {

  ...
  //（没有缓存图片） || （即使有缓存图片，也需要更新缓存图片） || （代理没有响应imageManager:shouldDownloadImageForURL:消息，默认返回yes，需要下载图片）|| （imageManager:shouldDownloadImageForURL:返回yes，需要下载图片）
  if ((!cachedImage || options & SDWebImageRefreshCached) && (![self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(imageManager:shouldDownloadImageForURL:)] || [self.delegate imageManager:self shouldDownloadImageForURL:url])) {

      //1. 存在缓存图片 && 即使有缓存图片也要下载更新图片
      if (cachedImage && options & SDWebImageRefreshCached) {
          [self callCompletionBlockForOperation:weakOperation completion:completedBlock image:cachedImage data:cachedData error:nil cacheType:cacheType finished:YES url:url];
      }


      // 2. 如果不存在缓存图片
      ...

      //开启下载器下载
      //subOperationToken 用来标记当前的下载任务，便于被取消
      SDWebImageDownloadToken *subOperationToken = [self.imageDownloader downloadImageWithURL:url options:downloaderOptions progress:progressBlock completed:^(UIImage *downloadedImage, NSData *downloadedData, NSError *error, BOOL finished) {
          __strong __typeof(weakOperation) strongOperation = weakOperation;
          if (!strongOperation || strongOperation.isCancelled) {
              // 1. 如果任务被取消，则什么都不做，避免和其他的completedBlock重复

          } else if (error) {

              //2. 如果有错误
              //2.1 在completedBlock里传入error
              [self callCompletionBlockForOperation:strongOperation completion:completedBlock error:error url:url];

                      //2.2 在错误url名单中添加当前的url
              if (   error.code != NSURLErrorNotConnectedToInternet
                  && error.code != NSURLErrorCancelled
                  && error.code != NSURLErrorTimedOut
                  && error.code != NSURLErrorInternationalRoamingOff
                  && error.code != NSURLErrorDataNotAllowed
                  && error.code != NSURLErrorCannotFindHost
                  && error.code != NSURLErrorCannotConnectToHost) {

                 @synchronized (self.failedURLs) {
                      [self.failedURLs addObject:url];
                  }
              }
          }
          else {

              //3. 下载成功
              //3.1 如果需要下载失败后重新下载，则将当前url从失败url名单里移除
              if ((options & SDWebImageRetryFailed)) {
                  @synchronized (self.failedURLs) {
                      [self.failedURLs removeObject:url];
                  }
              }

              //3.2 进行缓存
              BOOL cacheOnDisk = !(options & SDWebImageCacheMemoryOnly);


              if (options & SDWebImageRefreshCached && cachedImage && !downloadedImage) {

                  //（即使缓存存在，也要刷新图片） && 缓存图片 && 不存在下载后的图片：不做操作

              } else if (downloadedImage && (!downloadedImage.images || (options & SDWebImageTransformAnimatedImage)) && [self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(imageManager:transformDownloadedImage:withURL:)]) {

    //（下载图片成功 && （没有动图||处理动图） && （下载之后，缓存之前处理图片）               dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, 0), ^{
                      UIImage *transformedImage = [self.delegate imageManager:self transformDownloadedImage:downloadedImage withURL:url];

                      if (transformedImage && finished) {
                          BOOL imageWasTransformed = ![transformedImage isEqual:downloadedImage];
                          // pass nil if the image was transformed, so we can recalculate the data from the image
                          //缓存图片
                          [self.imageCache storeImage:transformedImage imageData:(imageWasTransformed ? nil : downloadedData) forKey:key toDisk:cacheOnDisk completion:nil];
                      }
                      //将图片传入completedBlock
                      [self callCompletionBlockForOperation:strongOperation completion:completedBlock image:transformedImage data:downloadedData error:nil cacheType:SDImageCacheTypeNone finished:finished url:url];
                  });
              } else {

                  //(图片下载成功并结束)
                  if (downloadedImage && finished) {
                      [self.imageCache storeImage:downloadedImage imageData:downloadedData forKey:key toDisk:cacheOnDisk completion:nil];
                  }

                  [self callCompletionBlockForOperation:strongOperation completion:completedBlock image:downloadedImage data:downloadedData error:nil cacheType:SDImageCacheTypeNone finished:finished url:url];
              }
          }

               //如果完成，从当前运行的操作列表里移除当前操作
          if (finished) {
              [self safelyRemoveOperationFromRunning:strongOperation];
          }
      }];

      //取消的block
      operation.cancelBlock = ^{

          //取消当前的token
          [self.imageDownloader cancel:subOperationToken];
          __strong __typeof(weakOperation) strongOperation = weakOperation;
          //从当前运行的操作列表里移除当前操作
          [self safelyRemoveOperationFromRunning:strongOperation];
      };

  } else if (cachedImage) {

      //存在缓存图片
      __strong __typeof(weakOperation) strongOperation = weakOperation;

      //调用完成的block
      [self callCompletionBlockForOperation:strongOperation completion:completedBlock image:cachedImage data:cachedData error:nil cacheType:cacheType finished:YES url:url];

      //删去当前的的下载操作（线程安全）
      [self safelyRemoveOperationFromRunning:operation];

  } else {

      //没有缓存的图片，而且下载被代理终止了
      __strong __typeof(weakOperation) strongOperation = weakOperation;

      // 调用完成的block
      [self callCompletionBlockForOperation:strongOperation completion:completedBlock image:nil data:nil error:nil cacheType:SDImageCacheTypeNone finished:YES url:url];

      //删去当前的下载操作
      [self safelyRemoveOperationFromRunning:operation];
  }

}];

return operation;
}
看完了SDWebImageManager的回调处理，我们分别看一下
SDImageCache和SDWebImageDownloader内部具体是如何工作的。首先看一下SDImageCache：

SDImageCache

属性

// ============== SDImageCache.m ============== //
@property (strong, nonatomic, nonnull) NSCache *memCache;//内存缓存
@property (strong, nonatomic, nonnull) NSString *diskCachePath;//磁盘缓存路径
@property (strong, nonatomic, nullable) NSMutableArray<NSString *> *customPaths;//
@property (SDDispatchQueueSetterSementics, nonatomic, nullable) dispatch_queue_t //ioQueue唯一子线程;
核心方法：查询缓存

// ============== SDImageCache.m ============== //

(nullable NSOperation *)queryCacheOperationForKey:(nullable NSString *)key done:(nullable SDCacheQueryCompletedBlock)doneBlock {

if (!key) {
if (doneBlock) {
doneBlock(nil, nil, SDImageCacheTypeNone);
}
return nil;
}

//查看内存的缓存=//
UIImage *image = [self imageFromMemoryCacheForKey:key];

// 如果存在，直接调用block，将image，data，CaheType传进去
if (image) {

  NSData *diskData = nil;

  //如果是gif，就拿到data，后面要传到doneBlock里。不是gif就传nil
  if ([image isGIF]) {
      diskData = [self diskImageDataBySearchingAllPathsForKey:key];
  }

  if (doneBlock) {
      doneBlock(image, diskData, SDImageCacheTypeMemory);
  }

  //因为图片有缓存可供使用，所以不用实例化NSOperation，直接范围nil
  return nil;

}

//查看磁盘的缓存=//
NSOperation *operation = [NSOperation new];

//唯一的子线程：self.ioQueue
dispatch_async(self.ioQueue, ^{

  if (operation.isCancelled) {
      // 在用之前就判断operation是否被取消了，作者考虑的非常严谨
      return;
  }

  @autoreleasepool {

      NSData *diskData = [self diskImageDataBySearchingAllPathsForKey:key];
      UIImage *diskImage = [self diskImageForKey:key];

      if (diskImage && self.config.shouldCacheImagesInMemory) {

          // cost 被用来计算缓存中所有对象的代价。当内存受限或者所有缓存对象的总代价超过了最大允许的值时，缓存会移除其中的一些对象。
          NSUInteger cost = SDCacheCostForImage(diskImage);

          //存入内存缓存中
          [self.memCache setObject:diskImage forKey:key cost:cost];
      }

      if (doneBlock) {
          dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
              doneBlock(diskImage, diskData, SDImageCacheTypeDisk);
          });
      }
  }

});

return operation;
}
SDWebImageDownloader

属性

// ============== SDWebImageDownloader.m ============== //
@property (strong, nonatomic, nonnull) NSOperationQueue *downloadQueue;//下载队列
@property (weak, nonatomic, nullable) NSOperation *lastAddedOperation;//最后添加的下载操作
@property (assign, nonatomic, nullable) Class operationClass;//操作类
@property (strong, nonatomic, nonnull) NSMutableDictionary<NSURL *, SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *> *URLOperations;//操作数组
@property (strong, nonatomic, nullable) SDHTTPHeadersMutableDictionary *HTTPHeaders;//HTTP请求头
@property (SDDispatchQueueSetterSementics, nonatomic, nullable) dispatch_queue_t barrierQueue;//用来阻塞前面的下载线程（串行化）
核心方法：下载图片

// ============== SDWebImageDownloader.m ============== //

(nullable SDWebImageDownloadToken *)downloadImageWithURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
options:(SDWebImageDownloaderOptions)options
progress:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completed:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderCompletedBlock)completedBlock {
__weak SDWebImageDownloader *wself = self;

return [self addProgressCallback:progressBlock completedBlock:completedBlock forURL:url createCallback:^SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *{

  __strong __typeof (wself) sself = wself;

  NSTimeInterval timeoutInterval = sself.downloadTimeout;
  if (timeoutInterval == 0.0) {
      timeoutInterval = 15.0;
  }

  // In order to prevent from potential duplicate caching (NSURLCache + SDImageCache) we disable the cache for image requests if told otherwise

  //创建下载请求
  NSMutableURLRequest *request = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url cachePolicy:(options & SDWebImageDownloaderUseNSURLCache ? NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy : NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData) timeoutInterval:timeoutInterval];
  request.HTTPShouldHandleCookies = (options & SDWebImageDownloaderHandleCookies);
  request.HTTPShouldUsePipelining = YES;
  if (sself.headersFilter) {
      request.allHTTPHeaderFields = sself.headersFilter(url, [sself.HTTPHeaders copy]);
  }
  else {
      request.allHTTPHeaderFields = sself.HTTPHeaders;
  }

  //创建下载操作：SDWebImageDownloaderOperation用于请求网络资源的操作，它是一个 NSOperation 的子类
  SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *operation = [[sself.operationClass alloc] initWithRequest:request inSession:sself.session options:options];
  operation.shouldDecompressImages = sself.shouldDecompressImages;

  //url证书
  if (sself.urlCredential) {
      operation.credential = sself.urlCredential;
  } else if (sself.username && sself.password) {
      operation.credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:sself.username password:sself.password persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];
  }

  //优先级
  if (options & SDWebImageDownloaderHighPriority) {
      operation.queuePriority = NSOperationQueuePriorityHigh;
  } else if (options & SDWebImageDownloaderLowPriority) {
      operation.queuePriority = NSOperationQueuePriorityLow;
  }

  //在下载队列里添加下载操作，执行下载操作
  [sself.downloadQueue addOperation:operation];

  //如果后进先出
  if (sself.executionOrder == SDWebImageDownloaderLIFOExecutionOrder) {
      // Emulate LIFO execution order by systematically adding new operations as last operation's dependency
      //addDependency:参数opertaion倍添加到NSOperationQueue后，只有等该opertion结束后才能执行其他的operation，实现了后进先出
      [sself.lastAddedOperation addDependency:operation];
      sself.lastAddedOperation = operation;
  }

  return operation;

}];
}
这里面还有一个addProgressCallback: progressBlock: completedBlock: forURL: createCallback:方法，用来保存progressBlock和completedBlock。我们看一下这个方法的实现：

// ============== SDWebImageDownloader.m ============== //

(nullable SDWebImageDownloadToken *)addProgressCallback:(SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completedBlock:(SDWebImageDownloaderCompletedBlock)completedBlock
forURL:(nullable NSURL *)url
createCallback:(SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *(^)())createCallback {

// url 用来作为回调字典的key，如果为空，立即返回失败
if (url == nil) {
if (completedBlock != nil) {
completedBlock(nil, nil, nil, NO);
}
return nil;
}

__block SDWebImageDownloadToken *token = nil;

//串行化前面所有的操作
dispatch_barrier_sync(self.barrierQueue, ^{

      //当前下载操作中取出SDWebImageDownloaderOperation实例
  SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *operation = self.URLOperations[url];

  if (!operation) {
  //如果没有，就初始化它
      operation = createCallback();
      self.URLOperations[url] = operation;
      __weak SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *woperation = operation;

      operation.completionBlock = ^{
        SDWebImageDownloaderOperation *soperation = woperation;
        if (!soperation) return;
        if (self.URLOperations[url] == soperation) {
            [self.URLOperations removeObjectForKey:url];
        };
      };
  }
  id downloadOperationCancelToken = [operation addHandlersForProgress:progressBlock completed:completedBlock];
  //这里 downloadOperationCancelToken 默认是一个字典，存放 progressBlock 和 completedBlock
  token = [SDWebImageDownloadToken new];
  token.url = url;
  token.downloadOperationCancelToken = downloadOperationCancelToken;

});

return token;
}
这里真正保存两个block的方法是addHandlersForProgress: completed:：

(nullable id)addHandlersForProgress:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderProgressBlock)progressBlock
completed:(nullable SDWebImageDownloaderCompletedBlock)completedBlock {
//实例化一个SDCallbacksDictionary，存放一个progressBlock 和 completedBlock
SDCallbacksDictionary *callbacks = [NSMutableDictionary new];
if (progressBlock) callbacks[kProgressCallbackKey] = [progressBlock copy];
if (completedBlock) callbacks[kCompletedCallbackKey] = [completedBlock copy];
dispatch_barrier_async(self.barrierQueue, ^{
//添加到缓存中 self.callbackBlocks
[self.callbackBlocks addObject:callbacks];
});
return callbacks;
}
到这里SDWebImage的核心方法都讲解完毕了，其他没有讲到的部分以后会慢慢添加上去。

最后看一下一些比较零散的知识点：

运行时存取关联对象：

存：

objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &loadOperationKey, operations, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
//将operations对象关联给self，地址为&loadOperationKey，语义是OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC。
取：

SDOperationsDictionary *operations = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &loadOperationKey);
//将operations对象通过地址&loadOperationKey从self里取出来
2. 数组的写操作需要加锁（多线程访问，避免覆写）

//给self.runningOperations加锁
 //self.runningOperations数组的添加操作
@synchronized (self.runningOperations) {
[self.runningOperations addObject:operation];
}

//self.runningOperations数组的删除操作

(void)safelyRemoveOperationFromRunning:(nullable SDWebImageCombinedOperation*)operation {
@synchronized (self.runningOperations) {
if (operation) {
[self.runningOperations removeObject:operation];
}
}
}

确保在主线程的宏：

dispatch_main_async_safe(^{
//将下面这段代码放在主线程中
[self sd_setImage:placeholder imageData:nil basedOnClassOrViaCustomSetImageBlock:setImageBlock];
});

//宏定义：
#define dispatch_main_async_safe(block)
if (strcmp(dispatch_queue_get_label(DISPATCH_CURRENT_QUEUE_LABEL), dispatch_queue_get_label(dispatch_get_main_queue())) == 0) {
block();
} else {
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), block);
}
#endif
4. 设置不能为nil的参数

(nonnull instancetype)initWithCache:(nonnull SDImageCache *)cache downloader:(nonnull SDWebImageDownloader *)downloader {
if ((self = [super init])) {
_imageCache = cache;
_imageDownloader = downloader;
_failedURLs = [NSMutableSet new];
_runningOperations = [NSMutableArray new];
}
return self;
}
如果在参数里添加了nonnull关键字，那么编译器就可以检查传入的参数是否为nil，如果是，则编译器会有警告

容错，强制转换类型

if ([url isKindOfClass:NSString.class]) {
url = [NSURL URLWithString:(NSString *)url];
}
在传入的参数为NSString时（但是方法参数要求是NSURL），自动转换为NSURL

RichChane

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SDWebImage 源码解析

相信对于广大的iOS开发者，对SDWebImage并不会陌生，这个框架通过给UIImageView和UIButton添加分类，实现一个异步下载图片并且支持缓存的功能。整个框架的接口非常简洁，每个类的分工都很明确，是很值得大家学习的。在使用这个框架的时候，只需要提供一个下载的url和占位图就可以在回调里拿到下载后的图片：[imageview sd_setImageWithURL:[NSURL U...
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