(1)dev_t是表示设备编号的数据类型:
#include <linux/types.h>
dev_t
(2)从设备好重取出主/次设备编号:
int MAJOR(dev_t dev);
int MINOR(dev_t dev);
(3)从主/从设备编号构造一个设备号:
de_t MKDEV(unsigned int major, unsigned int minor);
(4)“文件系统”头文件,它是编写设备驱动程序必须的头文件,其中声明了许多重要的函数和数据结构。
#include <linux/fs>
(5)分配和释放设备编号的函数:
int register_chrdev_region(dev_t first, unsigned int count, char*name);
int alloc_chrdev_region(dev_t *dev, unsigned int firstminor, unsigned int count, char *name);
void unregister_chrdev_region(dev_t first, unsigned int count);
(6)老版本(2.6以前)字符设备注册/注销例程:
int register_chrdev(unsigned int major, const char *name, struct file_operation *fops);
int unregister_chrdev(unsigned int major, const char *name);
(7)大多数设备驱动程序都会用到的三个重要的数据结构:
struct file_operations;
struct file;
struct inode;
(8)用来管理cdev结构的函数,内核中使用该结构表示字符设备:
#include <linux/cdev.h>
struct cdev *cdev_alloc(void);
void cdev_init(struct cdev *dev, struct file_operations *fops);
int cdev_add(struct cedv *dev, dev_t num, unsigned int count);
void cdev_del(struct cdev *dev);
(9)一个方便的宏,它可用于从包含在某个数据结构中的指针获得结构本身的指针:
#include <linux/kernel.h>
container_of(pointer, type, field);
(10)该头文件声明了在内核代码空间和用户控件移动数据的函数:
include <asm/uaccess.h>
(11)在用户空间和内核空间之间拷贝数据:
unsigned long copy_from_user(void *to, const void *from, unsigned long count);
unsigned long copy_to_user(void * to, const void *from, ussigned long count);