Spring MVC 4

Spring MVC 4

项目文件结构


pom.xml依赖

    <properties>
        <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>
    
    <dependencies>       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- JSTL -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd">
</beans>


spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
	<!-- springmvc 注解驱动 -->
        <!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射--> 
	<mvc:annotation-driven/>
	<!-- 扫描器 -->
        <!-- 启动包扫描功能,以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean --> 
	<context:component-scan base-package="com"/>
		
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
        <!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 --> 
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 前缀 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property>
		<!-- 后缀 -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>


web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    	<!-- POST中文乱码过滤器 Servlet 3.0 新特性@WebFilter,@WebFilter是过滤器的注解,不需要在web.xml进行配置,不过话说还是配置好用
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
            30
        </session-timeout>
    </session-config>
   <welcome-file-list>  
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> 
 </welcome-file-list>  
</web-app>

hello.java

/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package com.me.www;

import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/*
@Scope("##") : spring默认的Scope是单列模式(singleton),顾名思义,肯定是线程不安全的.  而@Scope("prototype")
可以保证每个请求都会创建一个新的实例,  还有几个参数: session  request
 @Scope("session")的意思就是,只要用户不退出,实例就一直存在,
request : 就是作用域换成了request
@Controller : 不多做解释 , 标注它为Controller
@RequestMapping :是一个用来处理请求地址映射的注解,可用于类或方法上。用于类上,表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是   以该地址作为父路径。 比如现在访问getProducts方法的地址就是 :
http://localhost:8080/项目名/上面web.xml配置(api)/products/list
 */
@Scope("prototype")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class Hello {

    //使用HttpServletRequest获取
    @RequestMapping(value = "/listRequest")
    public String listRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        request.setAttribute("message", "helloWord>>>HttpServletRequest方式 by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        return "hello";
    }

    //http://localhost:8080/www/hello/testRequestParameter?name=admin&pass=123
    @RequestMapping(value = "/listRequestParameter")
    public String listRequestParameter(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        String pass = request.getParameter("pass");
        request.setAttribute("message", "helloWord>>>HttpServletRequestParameter方式 参数是name=" + name + " pass=" + pass + " by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/listModel")
    public String listModel(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("message", "Hello World>>>Model方式 by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/list/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String listId(@PathVariable String id, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        request.setAttribute("message", "helloWord>>>HttpServletRequest方式 id=" + id + " by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        return "hello";
    }

    //需要注意参数名要和bean对应
    @RequestMapping(value = "/list/{id}/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String listIdName(Product pro, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        request.setAttribute("message", "Hello World>>> 多参数" + pro.getId() + "___" + pro.getName() + " by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        return "/product/info";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/listModelAndView")
    //@RequestMapping(value="/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView listModelAndView() {
        //1、收集参数
        //2、绑定参数到命令对象
        //3、调用业务对象
        //4、选择下一个页面
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        //添加模型数据 可以是任意的POJO对象
        mv.addObject("message", "Hello World>>>ModelAndView方式 by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        //设置逻辑视图名,视图解析器会根据该名字解析到具体的视图页面
        mv.setViewName("hello");
        return mv;
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/post", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String postData(Product pro, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        request.setAttribute("message", "Hello World>>> POST参数" + pro.getId() + "___" + pro.getName() + " by http://blog.csdn.net/unix21/");
        return "hello";
    }

    //将内容或对象作为 HTTP 响应正文返回,使用@ResponseBody将会跳过视图处理部分,而是调用适合HttpMessageConverter,将返回值写入输出流。
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/1.json")
    public void getJSON(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        Product p1 = new Product();
        p1.setId(123);
        p1.setName("abc");
        Product p2 = new Product();
        p2.setId(456);
        p2.setName("def");
        map.put("p1", p1);
        map.put("p2", p2);

        //org.​codehaus.​jackson.​map
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
        PrintWriter pWriter = res.getWriter();
        pWriter.write(mapper.writeValueAsString(map));
    }

    /*
        @RequestMapping
        RequestMapping是一个用来处理请求地址映射的注解,可用于类或方法上。用于类上,表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是以该地址作为父路径。
        RequestMapping注解有六个属性,下面我们把她分成三类进行说明。
        1、 value, method;
        value:     指定请求的实际地址,指定的地址可以是URI Template 模式(后面将会说明);
        method:  指定请求的method类型, GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等;

        2、 consumes,produces;
        consumes: 指定处理请求的提交内容类型(Content-Type),例如application/json, text/html;
        produces:    指定返回的内容类型,仅当request请求头中的(Accept)类型中包含该指定类型才返回;

        3、 params,headers;
        params: 指定request中必须包含某些参数值是,才让该方法处理。
        headers: 指定request中必须包含某些指定的header值,才能让该方法处理请求。
     */
}


Product.java

package com.me.www;

public class Product {
        private String  name;
        private int  id;

    /**
     * @return the name
     */
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    /**
     * @param name the name to set
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    /**
     * @return the id
     */
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    /**
     * @param id the id to set
     */
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

hello.jsp

<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title>Hello World</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Spring MVC加载成功</h1>
        ${message}
    </body>
</html>

例如:http://localhost:8080/www/hello/list/123/abc



Post数据

<html>
    <head>
        <title>POST数据提交</title>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    </head>
    <body>
    <form action="http://localhost:8080/www/hello/post" method="post">
         <input type="text" name="id"/> 
         <input type="text" name="name"/> 
         <input type="submit"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>




输出json



post参数转码的另一种处理方法

@RequestMapping(value = "/post", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView post(@RequestParam("username")String username) {
        username=StringUtil.encodeStr(username);    
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("username", username);
        mv.setViewName("post");
        return mv;
}

    /**
     * ISO-8859-1转UTF-8 主要用于POST数据处理
     *
     * @param str 需要转码的值
     */
    public static String encodeStr(String str) {
        try {
            return new String(str.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "UTF-8");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

@RequestBody  

@Controller  
@RequestMapping(value = "/pets", method = RequestMethod.POST, consumes="application/json")  
public void addPet(@RequestBody Pet pet, Model model) {      
    // implementation omitted  
}


/

参考:

SpringMVC简单构造restful, 并返回json

@Scope("##") : spring默认的Scope是单列模式(singleton),顾名思义,肯定是线程不安全的.  而@Scope("prototype")
可以保证每个请求都会创建一个新的实例,  还有几个参数: session  request
@Scope("session")的意思就是,只要用户不退出,实例就一直存在,
request : 就是作用域换成了request
@Controller : 不多做解释 , 标注它为Controller
@RequestMapping :是一个用来处理请求地址映射的注解,可用于类或方法上。用于类上,表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是   以该地址作为父路径。 比如现在访问getProducts方法的地址就是 :
http://localhost:8080/项目名/上面web.xml配置(api)/products/list/

@RequestMapping 用法详解之地址映射

@RequestMapping
RequestMapping是一个用来处理请求地址映射的注解,可用于类或方法上。用于类上,表示类中的所有响应请求的方法都是以该地址作为父路径。
RequestMapping注解有六个属性,下面我们把她分成三类进行说明。
1、 value, method;
value:     指定请求的实际地址,指定的地址可以是URI Template 模式(后面将会说明);
method:  指定请求的method类型, GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等;


2、 consumes,produces;
consumes: 指定处理请求的提交内容类型(Content-Type),例如application/json, text/html;
produces:    指定返回的内容类型,仅当request请求头中的(Accept)类型中包含该指定类型才返回;


3、 params,headers;
params: 指定request中必须包含某些参数值是,才让该方法处理。
headers: 指定request中必须包含某些指定的header值,才能让该方法处理请求。

@RequestParam @RequestBody @PathVariable 等参数绑定注解详解

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