Given a binary search tree, write a function kthSmallest
to find thekth smallest element in it.
Note:
You may assume k is always valid, 1 ≤ k ≤ BST's total elements.
Follow up:
What if the BST is modified (insert/delete operations) often and you need to find the kth smallest frequently? How would you optimize the kthSmallest routine?
在二叉搜索树种,找到第K个元素。
算法如下:
1、计算左子树元素个数left。
2、 left+1 = K,则根节点即为第K个元素
left >=k, 则第K个元素在左子树中,
left +1 <k, 则转换为在右子树中,寻找第K-left-1元素。
代码如下:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public int kthSmallest(TreeNode root, int k) {
if(root==null)
return -1;
int leftsize=count(root.left);
if(k<=leftsize)
{
return kthSmallest(root.left, k);
}
if(k==leftsize+1)
{
return root.val;
}
return kthSmallest(root.right, k-leftsize-1);
}
private int count(TreeNode root) {
if(root==null)
return 0;
else return 1+count(root.left)+count(root.right);
}
}