杂项构件/ 标签 Labels@GTK+ 2.0 中文教程连载

杂项构件

标签 Labels

标签(Labels)是 GTK 中最常用的构件，实际上它很简单。因为没有相关联的 X 窗口，标签不能引发信号。如果需要获取或引发信号，可以将它放在一个 事件盒 中，或放在按钮构件里面。

用以下函数创建一个新标签：

GtkWidget *gtk_label_new( const char *str ); GtkWidget *gtk_label_new_with_mnemonic( const char *str );

唯一的参数是要由标签显示的字符串。

创建标签后，要改变标签你的文本，用以下函数：

void gtk_label_set_text( GtkLabel *label, const char *str );

第一参数是前面创建的标签(用 GTK_LABEL() 宏转换)，第二个参数是新的字符串。

如果需要，新字符串需要的空间会做自动调整。在字符串中放置换行符，可以创建多行标签。

用以下函数取得标签的当前文本：

const gchar* gtk_label_get_text( GtkLabel *label );

不要释放返回的字符串，因为 GTK 内部要使用它。

标签的文本可以用以下函数设置对齐方式：

void gtk_label_set_justify( GtkLabel *label, GtkJustification jtype );

jtype 的值可以是：

GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT 左对齐 GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT 右对齐 GTK_JUSTIFY_CENTER 居中对齐(默认) GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL 充满

标签构件的文本会自动换行。用以下函数激活“自动换行”：

void gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GtkLabel *label, gboolean wrap);

wrap 参数可取 TRUE 或 FALSE。

如果想要使标签加下划线，可以在标签中设置显示模式：

void gtk_label_set_pattern (GtkLabel *label, const gchar *pattern);

pattern 参数指定下划线的外观。它由一串下划线和空格组成。下划线指示标签的相应字符应该加一个下划线。例如,"__     __" 将在标签的第1、第2个字符和第8、第9个字符加下划线。

如 果你只是想创建一个用下划线代表快捷键("mnemonic")的标签，你应该用 gtk_label_new_with_mnemonic() 或 gtk_label_set_text_with_mnemonic()，而不是用 gtk_label_set_pattern()。

下面是一个说明这些函数的短示例。这个示例用框架构件(Frame widget)能更好地示范标签的风格。现在你不用理会这点,框架 构件以后再作介绍。

在 GTK+ 2.0 里，标签文本里能包含改变字体等文本属性的标记,并且标签能设置为可以被选择(用来复制-粘贴)。这些高级特性在这里并不介绍。

#include <gtk/gtk.h> int main( int argc, char *argv[] ) { static GtkWidget *window = NULL; GtkWidget *hbox; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *frame; GtkWidget *label; /* 初始化 */ gtk_init (&argc, &argv); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); g_signal_connect (G_OBJECT (window), "destroy", G_CALLBACK (gtk_main_quit), NULL); gtk_window_set_title (GTK_WINDOW (window), "Label"); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); hbox = gtk_hbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), hbox); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_container_set_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 5); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Normal Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Normal label"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Multi-line Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Multi-line label./nSecond line/n" / "Third line"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Left Justified Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Left-Justified/n" / "Multi-line label./nThird line"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Right Justified Label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is a Right-Justified/nMulti-line label./n" / "Fourth line, (j/k)"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_RIGHT); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 5); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (hbox), vbox, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Line wrapped label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped label. It " / "should not be taking up the entire " /* 用一段较长的空白字符来测试空白的自动排列 *// "width allocated to it, but automatically " / "wraps the words to fit. " / "The time has come, for all good men, to come to " / "the aid of their party. " / "The sixth sheik's six sheep's sick./n" / " It supports multiple paragraphs correctly, " / "and correctly adds "/ "many extra spaces. "); gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Filled, wrapped label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This is an example of a line-wrapped, filled label. " / "It should be taking "/ "up the entire width allocated to it. " / "Here is a sentence to prove "/ "my point. Here is another sentence. "/ "Here comes the sun, do de do de do./n"/ " This is a new paragraph./n"/ " This is another newer, longer, better " / "paragraph. It is coming to an end, "/ "unfortunately."); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_FILL); gtk_label_set_line_wrap (GTK_LABEL (label), TRUE); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); frame = gtk_frame_new ("Underlined label"); label = gtk_label_new ("This label is underlined!/n" "This one is underlined in quite a funky fashion"); gtk_label_set_justify (GTK_LABEL (label), GTK_JUSTIFY_LEFT); gtk_label_set_pattern (GTK_LABEL (label), "_________________________ _ _________ _ ______ __ _______ ___"); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (frame), label); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), frame, FALSE, FALSE, 0); gtk_widget_show_all (window); gtk_main (); return 0; }

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