Android:Service的绑定和解绑定，Service与Activity通信

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 11:34:06 发布

vrinux

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-25 11:34:06 发布

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分类专栏： Android Service 文章标签： android service IBinder

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/vrinux/article/details/44230495

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先看一张原理图：

这里写图片描述

1.先从Activity绑定Service,如果Service还没被创建，则Service会调用onCreate()方法，然后再调用onBind()的的方法；
2.然后onBind()的返回值通过实现了IBinder接口的对象传回给实现了ServiceConnection接口的对象的onServiceConnected()方法；
3.onServiceConnected()方法中同样实例化实现了IBinder接口的对象，并将Service传来的对象接收；
4.尽情的在Activity中获取消息吧；

接下来，在看一下运行截图：
点击绑定后，在点击显示图片，就会将从Service那边发回来的id值赋给ImageView对象；有时候会发现，点击显示图片后还是同一张，应该是刚好id值相同；

这里写图片描述

接下来看一下代码：
注释我都写在代码里了~

MainActivity.java:

package com.myproject.wyc.bindservice;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;

import com.wyc.bean.MyBinder;
import com.wyc.service.MyService;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    private String MyTag = "MyTag";
    private Boolean bindTag = false;//设置一个标记，用于标记绑定与否；

    private ImageView imgObj;
    private Button btnObj,btn02Obj,btn03Obj;

    //这两者，用于绑定Service后，接收从Service传回来的对象，并能通过该对象获取需要的值；
    private MyBinder myBinder;
    private MyServiceConnection myServiceConnection;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        myServiceConnection = new MyServiceConnection();

        imgObj = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.imgid);
        btnObj = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnid);
        btn02Obj = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn02id);
        btn03Obj = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn03id);

        btnObj.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {

                imgObj.setImageResource(myBinder.getRes());
            }
        });

        btn02Obj.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MyService.class);
                Log.i(MyTag,"intent");

                //绑定Service；
                bindService(intent,myServiceConnection, Service.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
                Log.i(MyTag,"bindService");

                //设置标记，true代表绑定；
                bindTag = true;
            }
        });

        btn03Obj.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //解绑定；
                unbindService(myServiceConnection);
                Log.i(MyTag,"unbindService");

                //设置标记，false代表解绑定；
                bindTag = false;
            }
        });



    }

    public class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection{

        /**
         * 当Service绑定时候触发onBind()后，放回值会被该方法接收即 实现 IBinder接口类型的类的对象；
         * Binder实现了IBinder接口；
         * 因此创建MyBind继承Binder,并添加所需的方法等，达到需求；
         */
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            //接收从Service传回的对象，强制转换类型
            myBinder = (MyBinder)service;
            Log.i(MyTag,"mainactivity myBinder.getRes()"+myBinder.getRes());
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    }


    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();

        /**
         * 由于程序可能在没有解绑定的情况下被退出，而会报错；
         * 所以我们要做个判断：当退出程序时，时候已经解绑定；
         * 如果bindTag为true则解绑定，为false则不用；
         */
        if (bindTag) {
            unbindService(myServiceConnection);
        }
    }
}

MyBinder.java:

package com.wyc.bean;

import android.os.Binder;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 15-3-12.
 */
public class MyBinder extends Binder {
    private int res;

    public int getRes() {
        return res;
    }

    public void setRes(int res) {
        this.res = res;
    }
}

MyService.java:

package com.wyc.service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.util.Log;

import com.myproject.wyc.bindservice.R;
import com.wyc.bean.MyBinder;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 15-3-12.
 */
public class MyService extends Service {

    private String MyTag = "MyTag";

    private Handler handler;

    private Boolean myBoolean = false;

    //在写了这个数组后，其实我是后悔的，因为我其实这个数组完全可以写在Activity那边，
    // 然后Service只需要发送索引值过去就好；
    private int[] draws = new int[]{R.drawable.item8,R.drawable.item9,R.drawable.item10};

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i(MyTag,"onCreate");

        //java的线程是无法停止的，所以想要让其处理事务或者停止处理，
        // 可以通过标志来设定，一般用true和false来标志；
        myBoolean = true;

        //Service和Activity一样也不能做耗时处理，写个子线程处理，
        // 并发送消息给主线程，主线程再将值赋给MyBinder对象，
        //而MyBinder对象的属性的值又能被Activity获取到；
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                int index = 0;
                Log.i(MyTag,"Thread");

                while(myBoolean){

                    Message msg =Message.obtain();

                    msg.arg1 = draws[index];
                    Log.i(MyTag,"arg1 = "+msg.arg1);

                    handler.sendMessage(msg);
                    Log.i(MyTag,"draws[index]="+draws[index]);

                    index = ++index%3;//++i与i++的问题：++i自加再赋值；i++赋值后再自加……
                    Log.i(MyTag,"draws[index]="+draws[index]);

                    SystemClock.sleep(300);
                }
            }
        }).start();


    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.i(MyTag,"onStartCommand");

        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(MyTag,"onDestroy");

        myBoolean = false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(MyTag,"onUnbind");
        return super.onUnbind(intent);

    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

        final MyBinder myBinder = new MyBinder();

        handler = new Handler(){

            //获取消息，并赋值；
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                int res = msg.arg1;
                myBinder.setRes(res);
            }
        };

        return myBinder;
    }
}

activity_main.xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/imgid"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnid"
        android:text="显示图片"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn02id"
        android:text="绑定"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn03id"
        android:text="解绑定"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textSize="30sp" />

</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.myproject.wyc.bindservice" >

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <service
            android:name="com.wyc.service.MyService"
            android:enabled="true" />
    </application>

</manifest>