线程间通信(管道流)

说明

java语言中提供了各种输入/输出流，使得我们能够方便的操作数据，其中管道流(PipeStream)是一种特殊的流，可以用于不同线程间直接传送数据。

一个线程发送数据到输出管道，另外一个线程从输出管道中读取数据，通过使用管道，可以实现不同线程间的通信，无须借助文件之类的存储介质。

在JDK中提供了几个管道流类可以使线程间进行通信：

1、PipedInputStream和PipedOutputStream
2、PipedReader和PipedWriter

分别是字节流和字符流

以字节流PipedInputStream和PipedOutputStream为例

1、实现读/写类

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PipedInputStream;

public class ReadData {

	public void readMethod(PipedInputStream input) throws IOException {
		try {
			System.out.println("read:");
			byte[] array = new byte[1024];
			int readLength = input.read(array);
			while (readLength != -1) {
				String data = new String(array, 0, readLength);
				System.out.print(data);
				readLength = input.read(array);
			}
			System.out.println();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			input.close();
		}
	}
}

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PipedOutputStream;

public class WriteData {

	public void writeMethod(PipedOutputStream out) throws IOException {
		try {
			System.out.println("write:");
			for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
				String data = (i + 1) + "";
				out.write(data.getBytes());
				System.out.print(data);
			}
			System.out.println();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			out.close();
		}
	}
}

2、实现多线程

import java.io.PipedInputStream;

public class ThreadRead extends Thread {
	private ReadData read;
	private PipedInputStream input;

	public ThreadRead(ReadData read, PipedInputStream input) {
		this.read = read;
		this.input = input;
	}

	public void run() {
		try {
			read.readMethod(input);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

import java.io.PipedOutputStream;

public class ThreadWrite extends Thread {
	private WriteData write;
	private PipedOutputStream output;

	public ThreadWrite(WriteData write, PipedOutputStream output) {
		this.write = write;
		this.output = output;
	}

	public void run() {
		try {
			write.writeMethod(output);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

3、运行线程测试

public class Client {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			WriteData write = new WriteData();
			ReadData read = new ReadData();

			PipedInputStream inputStream = new PipedInputStream();
			PipedOutputStream outStream = new PipedOutputStream();
			
			outStream.connect(inputStream);

			ThreadRead threadR = new ThreadRead(read, inputStream);
			ThreadWrite threadW = new ThreadWrite(write, outStream);

			threadR.start();
			threadW.start();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

以上代码通过管道流，将多线程进行通信，运行输出相应数据：