枚举类

一、枚举类的使用

1、枚举类的理解：类的对象只有有限个，确定的，我们称此类为枚举类。

2、当需要定义一组常量时，强烈建议用枚举类。

3、如果枚举类中只有一个对象，则可以作为单列模式的实现方式。

二、枚举类的创建

1、自定义枚举类

public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Season season = Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(season);

    }
}
class Season{
    private final String seasonName;//季节名称
    private final String seasonDesc;//季节描述

    private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc) {
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }
    //提供当前枚举类的多个对象
    public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天","春暖花开");
    public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天","夏日炎炎");
    public static final Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天","秋高气爽");
    public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天","冰天雪地");

    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }

    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
                ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2、enum关键字定义(默认继承于java.lang.Enum)

public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Season season = Season.SPRING;
        System.out.println(Season.class.getSuperclass());

    }
}
enum Season{
    //提供当前枚举类的多个对象,用逗号隔开，最后一个写分号
    SPRING("春天","春暖花开"),
    SUMMER("夏天","夏日炎炎"),
    AUTUMN("秋天","秋高气爽"),
    WINTER("冬天","冰天雪地");

    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc) {
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }


    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }

    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }

}

三、Enum类常用方法

values()：返回枚举类的对象数组，方便遍历所有枚举值。

valueOf(String s)：找到名为s的对象，如果没有名为s的对象，则抛异常

Season[] values = Season.values();
Season winter = Season.valueOf("WINTER");

四、让枚举类对象分别实现接口

public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Season[] values = Season.values();
        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            values[i].show();
        }
    }
}
//接口
interface info{
    void show();
}
//实现接口
enum Season implements info{
    //提供当前枚举类的多个对象
    SPRING("春天","春暖花开"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("春天在哪里呀，春天在哪里");
        }
    },
    SUMMER("夏天","夏日炎炎"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("夏天夏天悄悄过去，留下小秘密");
        }
    },
    AUTUMN("秋天","秋高气爽"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("秋天不回来");
        }
    },
    WINTER("冬天","冰天雪地"){
        @Override
        public void show() {
            System.out.println("雪花飘飘，北风啸啸");
        }
    };

    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;

    private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc) {
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }
}