rip实验

一、给R1-R7配置IP地址和环回地址,并检查配置结果

1.R1

[r1]int loopback0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 14.1.1.1 24

2.R2

[r2]int loopback0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 24
[r2-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 23.1.1.1 24

3.R3

[r3]int loopback0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 24
[r3-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.1 24

4.R4

[r4]int loopback0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[r4-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 14.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 45.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]ip add 46.1.1.1 24

5.R5

[r5]int loopback0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 24
[r5-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.1.1.2 24

6.R6

[r6]int loopback0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 24
[r6-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 46.1.1.2 24
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 67.1.1.1 24

7.R7

[r6]int loopback0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 7.7.7.7 24
[r6-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 67.1.1.2 24

二、R1上创建三个环回，并检查

[r1]int loopback 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack1]int loopback 2
[r1-LoopBack2]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[r1-LoopBack2]int loopback3
[r1-LoopBack3]ip add 172.16.3.1 24

三、在R1-R5运行RIPV2

1.R1

[r1]rip 100
[r1-rip-100]version 2
[r1-rip-100]network 1.0.0.0
[r1-rip-100]network 12.0.0.0
[r1-rip-100]network 14.0.0.0
[r1-rip-100]network 172.16.0.0

2.R2

[r2]rip 100
[r2-rip-100]version 2
[r2-rip-100]network 2.0.0.0
[r2-rip-100]network 12.0.0.0
[r2-rip-100]network 23.0.0.0

3.R3

[r3]rip 100
[r3-rip-100]version 2
[r3-rip-100]network 3.0.0.0
[r3-rip-100]network 23.0.0.0
[r3-rip-100]network 34.0.0.0

4.R4

[r4]rip 100
[r4-rip-100]version 2
[r4-rip-100]network 4.0.0.0
[r4-rip-100]network 14.0.0.0
[r4-rip-100]network 34.0.0.0
[r4-rip-100]network 45.0.0.0
[r4-rip-100]network 46.0.0.0

5.R5

[r5]rip 100
[r5-rip-100]version 2
[r5-rip-100]network 45.0.0.0

R5的环回不通告

四、在R6-R7上运行RIPV1

1.R6

[r6]rip 100
[r6-rip-100]version 1
[r6-rip-100]network 6.0.0.0
[r6-rip-100]network 46.0.0.0
[r6-rip-100]network 67.0.0.0

2.R7

[r7]rip 100
[r7-rip-100]version 1
[r7-rip-100]network 7.0.0.0
[r7-rip-100]network 67.0.0.0

在R1-R7查看各自rip路由表（看ripv1与ripv2是否互相学习到路由）：

[r5-rip-100]display ip routing-table protocol rip

五、减少路由条目数量

1.手工汇总

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip summary-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip summary-address 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0

2.同时为了避免汇总产生路由黑洞带来的路由环路的影响，写一条汇总指向null0

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r1]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 22 null 0

3.加快网络收敛，更改计时器，在R1上做收敛

[r1]rip 100
[r1-rip-100]timers rip 15 60 100

六、R5创建一个环回模拟运营商，5.5.5.5不能通告

1、在内网边界路由r4上写一条指向r5的缺省，并且下放该缺省：

[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 45.1.1.2
[r4]rip 100
[r4-rip-100]version 2
[r4-rip-100]default-route originate

2、再在r4上做一对多nat，使得内网可以访问外网

[r4]acl 2000
[r4-acl-basic-2000]rule 5 permit source any
[r4-acl-basic-2000]interface g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]nat outbound 2000

七、R1 telnet R2环回实际telnet 到R7上(NAT地址转换）

1.在R2和R7上开启Telnet

• R2

[r2]user-interface vty 0 4
[r2-ui-vty0-4]set authentication password cipher huawei

• R7

[r7]user-interface vty 0 4
[r7-ui-vty0-4]set authentication password cipher huawei

2.从outside访问inside改变目标地址，从inside访问outside改变源地址，改变目标地址发包方向为1-2-3-4-6-7，将目标7.7.7.7改成从R2右侧通过

[r2]acl 2000
[r2-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 7.0.0.0 0
[r2-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricin 2000 4

3.回包时源为7.7.7.7，目标为12.1.1.0，要保证源访问目标时为7-6-4-3-2-1，此时源访问目标时有两条路径，一条为7-6-4-3-2-1，另一条为7-6-4-1，改之前默认走7-6-4-1，因此要将7-6-4-1这条路的度量值改大，这样就会走7-6-4-3-2-1

[r4]dis acl 2001
[r4]acl 2001
[r4-acl-basic-2001]rule permit source 12.1.1.0 0
[r4-acl-basic-2001]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]rip metricin 2001 4

4.R1访问R7为外部访问内部，需要改变目标地址–将2.2.2.2转换为7.7.7.7
R2
在R2与R1互连的接口做地址转换

[r2]int g0/0/0

• 借用环回地址

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat server protoco tcp global interface loopback 0 telent inside 7.7.7.7 telent

5.在R1上实现实验要求
R1
< R1>
< R1>Telent 2.2.2.2
password：huawei
< R7>
成功九、全网可达

八、R6-R7不能学习到达R1换回路由

[r6]dis acl all
 Total nonempty ACL number is 0 
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule deny source 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255（过滤）
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule deny source 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255（过滤）
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source any（放行其他）
[r6-acl-basic-2000]q
[r6]rip 100
[r6-rip-100]filter-policy 2000 import g0/0/0---调用acl2000从入方向过滤R1的两个环回路由

九、全网可达

查看R1-R7的rip路由表：
dis ip routing-table protoco rip（查看是否有缺省路由）
各个路由器随机互Ping：
R1:
[r1]ping 5.5.5.5
R6:
[r6]ping 1.1.1.1