Nacos：1.Nacos的基本使用（一）服务注册与发现

1.Nacos的安装与启动

Nacos支持三种部署模式：单机、集群、多集群，要求使用JDK1.8以上版本。

Nacos的安装有两种方式：源码安装和使用编译好的安装包，这里演示源码安装方式。

# step.1 下载源码
git clone  https://github.com/alibaba/nacos.git

# step.2 进入根目录，执行构建命令
mvn -Prelease-nacos clean install -U -Dmaven.test.skip=true
# 这里使用-Dmaven.test.skip=true跳过单元测试的编译

# step.3 进入distribution模块生成的target目录中，执行以下命令启动服务
cd distribution/target/nacos-server-$version/nacos/bin
sh startup.sh -m standalone

Nacos服务启动之后，可以通过http://localhost:8848/nacos/#/login访问Nacos的控制台，账户和密码是nacos/nacos，如下图所示：

2.注册服务到Nacos Server

1. 创建一个mvn空项目，命名为scanacos（随你自己起名），pom.xml配置如下填写：

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <groupId>org.wy</groupId>
    <artifactId>scanacos</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <modules>
        <module>nacos-sample-provider</module>
        <module>nacos-sample-consumer</module>
    </modules>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2020.0.2</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--  基于Nacos的服务注册与发现  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.0.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-context</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!--  Spring Cloud核心包  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-context</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-context</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2. 创建第一个module：nacos-sample-provider，pom.xml配置如下填写：

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>scanacos</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.wy</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>nacos-sample-provider</artifactId>

</project>

3. nacos-sample-provider代码和配置如下：

【NacosSampleProviderApplication.java】

package org.wy.provider;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosSampleProviderApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosSampleProviderApplication.class, args);
    }
}

【HelloServiceImpl.java】

package org.wy.provider;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloServiceImpl {

    @GetMapping(value = "/hi")
    public String sayHello(@RequestParam(name = "name") String name) {
        return "Hello World: " + name;
    }
}

【application.yml】

# nacos服务注册中心信息参数
nacos:
 instance:
   hostname: localhost
   port: 8848

spring:
 cloud:
   nacos:
     discovery:
       # 服务注册中心地址
       server-addr: ${nacos.instance.hostname}:${nacos.instance.port}
 application:
   # 服务名，对应service-id
   name: nacos-sample-provider

# 该服务启动后使用的端口
server:
 port: 8001

4. 创建第二个module：nacos-sample-consumer，pom.xml配置如下填写：

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>scanacos</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.wy</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>nacos-sample-consumer</artifactId>

    <dependencies>

        <!--  引入openfeign依赖，用于负载均衡、统一调用接口  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!--  引入netflix的archaius包，用于解决使用openfeign的报错："ClassNotFoundException: com.netflix.config.CachedDynamicIntProperty"  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.netflix.archaius</groupId>
            <artifactId>archaius-core</artifactId>
            <version>0.7.6</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
                    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

5. nacos-sample-consumer代码和配置如下：

【NacosSampleConsumerApplication.java】

package org.wy.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class NacosSampleConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosSampleConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

【ProviderFeign.java】

package org.wy.consumer;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@FeignClient("nacos-sample-provider")
public interface ProviderFeign {
    @GetMapping("/hi")
    String sayHello(@RequestParam(name = "name") String name);
}

【ConsumerController.java】

package org.wy.consumer;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private ProviderFeign providerFeign;

    @GetMapping("/openfeign/hi")
    public String sayHello(@RequestParam(name = "name") String name) {
        return providerFeign.sayHello(name);
    }
}

配置文件【application.yml】

# nacos服务注册中心信息参数
nacos:
 instance:
   hostname: localhost
   port: 8848

spring:
 cloud:
   nacos:
     discovery:
       # 服务注册中心地址
       server-addr: ${nacos.instance.hostname}:${nacos.instance.port}
 application:
   # 服务名，对应service-id
   name: nacos-sample-consumer

# 该服务启动后使用的端口
server:
 port: 8002

6. 启动两个服务，调用一下url，验证服务是否正常

http://localhost:8001/hi?name=test

http://localhost:8002/openfeign/hi?name=test

7. 查看Nacos控制台，也可以看到两个服务已经注册进来了

---

本文示例源码：

GitHub：WangYe8613/scanacos

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