构造函数初始化问题

程序源码：

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <iostream.h>
#include <math.h>

#define pi 3.14

inline double sqr(double x)
{
 return x*x;
}

class cCircle
{
public:
 cCircle(double radiusVal=0):radius(radiusVal){};
 void setRadius(double radiusVal)
 {
  radius = radiusVal;
 }
 double getRadius() const
 {
  return radius;
 }

 double  area() const
 {
  return pi*sqr(radius);
 }

 void showData();

protected:
 double radius;
 
private:
};

class cCylinder: public cCircle
{
public:
 cCylinder(double heightVal=0, double radiusVal=0): height(heightVal), cCircle(radiusVal)
 {
 }

 void setHeight(double heightVal)
 {
  height = heightVal;
 }

 double getHeight() const
 {
  return height;
 }

 double area() const
 {
  return 2*cCircle::area()+2*pi*radius*height;
 }

 void showData();

protected:
 double height;
private:
};

void cCircle::showData()
{
 cout<<"Circle radius = " << getRadius() << "/n"
  <<"Circle area = " << area() << "/n/n";
}

void cCylinder::showData()
{
 cout << "Cylinder radius =" << getRadius() << "/n"
  << "Cylinder height = " << getHeight() << "/n"
  << "Cylinder area = " << area() << "/n/n";
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
 
 cCircle Circle(1);
 cCylinder Cylinder(10,1);

 Circle.showData();
 Cylinder.showData();

 
 
 
 return 0;
}

 

 

输出结果：

Circle radius = 1;

Circle area = 3.14;

 

Cylinder radius = 1;

Cylinder height = 10;

Cylinder area = 69.08

 

=====================================

特别注意以下两处：

1） cCircle(double radiusVal=0):radius(radiusVal){};

radius 是类的成员变量，当用此构造函数初始化类时， radius同时被赋值初始化；

2）

class cCylinder: public cCircle
{
public:
 cCylinder(double heightVal=0, double radiusVal=0): height(heightVal), cCircle(radiusVal)
 {
 }

。。。

}

cCylinder 继承自cCircle; 当cCylinder用此构造函数初始化时，成员变量height同时被初始化赋值为heightVal; 继承自父类cCircle的成员变量radius被初始化为radiusVal（成员radius时用cCricle类中的构造杉树调用实参radiusVal进行初始化的。）

cCylinder类的函数getHeight和setHeight分别用于设置和查询成员height.此类使用继承的setRadius和getRadius处理成员radius。函数area取消了继承的函数cCircle::area(), 返回圆柱体的表面积。注意：此函数明确的用到继承函数cCircle::area().