格式化磁盘分区
[root@node69 ~]# cat /etc/filesystems
xfs
ext4
ext3
ext2
nodev proc
nodev devpts
iso9660
vfat
hfs
hfsplus
*
[root@node69 ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
196608 inodes, 786432 blocks
39321 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368
24 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[root@node69 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
文件系统标签=
OS type: Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
196608 inodes, 786432 blocks
39321 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368
24 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Allocating group tables: 完成
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
[root@node69 ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="5a355600-2b14-4450-85aa-7a420740c294" TYPE="ext4"
[root@node69 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/
[root@node69 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 28G 4.4G 24G 16% /
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 144K 912M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 9.0M 903M 1% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 148M 50M 75% /boot
tmpfs 183M 16K 183M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.1G 4.1G 0 100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
/dev/sdb1 3.0G 4.5M 3.0G 1% /mnt
[root@node69 ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@node69 mnt]# ls
lost+found
[root@node69 mnt]# touch 1.txt 2.txt
[root@node69 mnt]# ls
1.txt 2.txt lost+found
[root@node69 mnt]# mkdir 234
[root@node69 mnt]# ls
1.txt 234 2.txt lost+found
[root@node69 mnt]# umount /dev/sdb1
umount: /mnt:目标忙。
(有些情况下通过 lsof(8) 或 fuser(1) 可以
找到有关使用该设备的进程的有用信息)
[root@node69 mnt]# pwd
/mnt
[root@node69 mnt]# cd
[root@node69 ~]# umount /dev/sdb1
[root@node69 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda3 28G 4.4G 24G 16% /
devtmpfs 898M 0 898M 0% /dev
tmpfs 912M 144K 912M 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 912M 9.0M 903M 1% /run
tmpfs 912M 0 912M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 197M 148M 50M 75% /boot
tmpfs 183M 16K 183M 1% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 4.1G 4.1G 0 100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
[root@node69 ~]#
[root@node69 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@node69 ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Nov 3 20:17:57 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=6f8959ca-2f6a-4f94-a7ae-8a4bccae4315 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=0c976c6f-8048-4658-832f-3950d2630139 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=32318128-89ed-497c-8112-92970fa4e115 swap swap defaults 0 0
[root@node69 ~]# cat /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Fri Nov 3 20:17:57 2017
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=6f8959ca-2f6a-4f94-a7ae-8a4bccae4315 / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=0c976c6f-8048-4658-832f-3950d2630139 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=32318128-89ed-497c-8112-92970fa4e115 swap swap defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /mnt/ xfs defaults 0 0
手动增加swap空间
[root@node69 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/newdisk bs=1M count=100
记录了100+0 的读入
记录了100+0 的写出
104857600字节(105 MB)已复制,5.52994 秒,19.0 MB/秒
[root@node69 ~]# du -sh /tmp/newdisk
100M /tmp/newdisk
[root@node69 ~]# mkswap -f /tmp/newdisk
正在设置交换空间版本 1,大小 = 102396 KiB
无标签,UUID=6adfb0b1-af2a-44d2-a362-0d64f1c0075a
[root@node69 ~]# free
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1867264 498112 794564 10592 574588 1171852
Swap: 2097148 0 2097148
[root@node69 ~]# swapon /tmp/newdisk
swapon: /tmp/newdisk:不安全的权限 0644,建议使用 0600。
[root@node69 ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1823 486 775 10 561 1144
Swap: 2147 0 2147
[root@node69 ~]# chmod 0600 /tmp/newdisk
其中 “free” 这个命令用来查看内存使用情况, “-m” 表示以
[root@node69 ~]# swapoff /tmp/newdisk
[root@node69 ~]# free -m
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 1823 486 775 10 561 1144
Swap: 2047 0 2047
[root@node69 ~]# rm -f /tmp/newdisk