现在,我们用前面所构建的socket类,重新设计《Linux下Socket编程之TCP Server端》中echo的服务器,然后设计客户端程序。
echo服务器的工作原理很简单:
1、接收客户端传来的信息;
2、将接收到的信息原封不动的返回给客户端。
可以看到我们所设计的TCPServerSock类具备了echo服务的所有数据成员,我们只需要添加一个具体的echo方法。因此,我们让设计的echo类从TCPServerSock类中派生出来。
//
Filename AppSock.hpp
#ifndef APP_SOCK_HPP
#define APP_SOCK_HPP
#include " SockClass.hpp "
class TCPEchoServer: public TCPServerSock{
public :
TCPEchoServer(
const TCPListenSock & listen_sock,
int pre_buffer_size = 32 );
~ TCPEchoServer();
bool handEcho() const ;
};
#endif // AppSock.hpp
将handEcho()设计成返回值为bool是出于以下考虑:因为服务器端通常是无限循环提供服务的,我们希望客户端能简单的对服务器端的控制,比如说进行关闭,这样就不用每次用Ctrl+c来关闭服务器端的程序。所以,handlEcho()返回true表示客户端正常断开,false表示服务器被要求终止。
#ifndef APP_SOCK_HPP
#define APP_SOCK_HPP
#include " SockClass.hpp "
class TCPEchoServer: public TCPServerSock{
public :
TCPEchoServer(
const TCPListenSock & listen_sock,
int pre_buffer_size = 32 );
~ TCPEchoServer();
bool handEcho() const ;
};
#endif // AppSock.hpp
//
Filename: AppSock.cpp
#include < string >
#include " AppSock.hpp "
TCPEchoServer::TCPEchoServer( const TCPListenSock & listen_sock, int pre_buffer_size):
TCPServerSock(listen_sock, pre_buffer_size)
{}
TCPEchoServer:: ~ TCPEchoServer()
{}
bool TCPEchoServer::handEcho() const
{
const std:: string SHUTDOWN_CMD = " /shutdown " ;
while (TCPReceive() > 0 ) {
std:: string cmd(preBuffer, SHUTDOWN_CMD.size());
if (cmd == SHUTDOWN_CMD && preReceivedLength == ( int )SHUTDOWN_CMD.size()) {
return false ;
}
TCPSend(preBuffer, preReceivedLength);
}
return true ;
}
我们为服务器指定一个关闭的的特殊字符串/shutdown,如果客户端传来这个字符串,服务器就会终止;其他字符串则会履行echo服务。
#include < string >
#include " AppSock.hpp "
TCPEchoServer::TCPEchoServer( const TCPListenSock & listen_sock, int pre_buffer_size):
TCPServerSock(listen_sock, pre_buffer_size)
{}
TCPEchoServer:: ~ TCPEchoServer()
{}
bool TCPEchoServer::handEcho() const
{
const std:: string SHUTDOWN_CMD = " /shutdown " ;
while (TCPReceive() > 0 ) {
std:: string cmd(preBuffer, SHUTDOWN_CMD.size());
if (cmd == SHUTDOWN_CMD && preReceivedLength == ( int )SHUTDOWN_CMD.size()) {
return false ;
}
TCPSend(preBuffer, preReceivedLength);
}
return true ;
}
最后我们设计主程序:
//
Filename: main.cpp
#include " SockClass.hpp "
#include " AppSock.hpp "
int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
const unsigned short DEFAULT_PORT = 5000 ;
unsigned short listen_port = DEFAULT_PORT;
if (argc == 2 && atoi(argv[ 1 ]) > 0 ) {
listen_port = atoi(argv[ 1 ]);
}
TCPListenSock listen_sock(listen_port);
listen_sock.TCPListen();
bool go_on = true ;
while (go_on){
TCPEchoServer echo_server(listen_sock);
go_on = echo_server.handEcho();
}
return 0 ;
}
#include " SockClass.hpp "
#include " AppSock.hpp "
int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
const unsigned short DEFAULT_PORT = 5000 ;
unsigned short listen_port = DEFAULT_PORT;
if (argc == 2 && atoi(argv[ 1 ]) > 0 ) {
listen_port = atoi(argv[ 1 ]);
}
TCPListenSock listen_sock(listen_port);
listen_sock.TCPListen();
bool go_on = true ;
while (go_on){
TCPEchoServer echo_server(listen_sock);
go_on = echo_server.handEcho();
}
return 0 ;
}
主程序以第一个参数(argv[1])来指定服务器端口,如果不指定,则默认端口是5000。
本节源代码下载:
Linux:
http://www.163pan.com/files/c0x000g0o.html
win32:
http://www.163pan.com/files/c0x000g0q.html
echo客户端的工作原理也很简单:
1、向服务器端发送一个字符串;
2、接收服务器的返回信息(如果是echo服务器就会返回发送出去的字符串本身)。
3、在标准输出中回显服务器返回的信息。
与ehco服务器类似,我们的echo客户端类也可以从TCPClientSock中派生出来:
//
Filename AppSock.hpp
#ifndef APP_SOCK_HPP
#define APP_SOCK_HPP
#include < string >
#include " SockClass.hpp "
class TCPEchoClient: public TCPClientSock{
public :
TCPEchoClient(
const char * server_IP,
unsigned short server_port,
int pre_buffer_size = 32 );
~ TCPEchoClient();
bool doEcho( const std:: string & echo_message) const ;
};
#endif // AppSock.hpp
我们的doEcho()接收一个C++风格的字符串(std::string),将返回值设计成bool是出于以下考虑:我们希望与服务器断开连接的信息能反馈到主程序中,并且在断开连接后终止echo客户端的程序。所以,返回true表示仍然与服务器保持连接,否则则已经断开(或者异常)。
#ifndef APP_SOCK_HPP
#define APP_SOCK_HPP
#include < string >
#include " SockClass.hpp "
class TCPEchoClient: public TCPClientSock{
public :
TCPEchoClient(
const char * server_IP,
unsigned short server_port,
int pre_buffer_size = 32 );
~ TCPEchoClient();
bool doEcho( const std:: string & echo_message) const ;
};
#endif // AppSock.hpp
#include
"
AppSock.hpp
"
TCPEchoClient::TCPEchoClient(
const char * server_IP,
unsigned short server_port,
int pre_buffer_size):
TCPClientSock(server_IP, server_port, pre_buffer_size)
{}
TCPEchoClient:: ~ TCPEchoClient()
{}
bool TCPEchoClient::doEcho( const std:: string & echo_message) const
{
if (TCPSend(echo_message.data(), echo_message.size()) < 0 ) {
return false ;
}
size_t total_received_length = 0 ;
while (total_received_length < echo_message.size()) {
if (TCPReceive() <= 0 ) {
return false ;
}
std::cout.write(preBuffer, preReceivedLength);
total_received_length += preReceivedLength;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return true ;
}
因为我们是先发再收,我们接收前是知道应该收到多少字节的信息的。由于TCP协议对边缘的无保障,我们应该假定是是最不利的情况,也就是一次recv()不能接收完我们需要的数据,所以,如果接收到的字节数小于我们的预期,就再次接收,直到跟我们发送的字符串长度一样。虽然事实上在这种小数据的传输中很难遇到以上所描述的那种情况,但是在网络程序的设计中,应该坚持这样一个基本假设:你永远不知道远程的主机会出什么状况,所以永远以最坏的可能性来设计程序。
TCPEchoClient::TCPEchoClient(
const char * server_IP,
unsigned short server_port,
int pre_buffer_size):
TCPClientSock(server_IP, server_port, pre_buffer_size)
{}
TCPEchoClient:: ~ TCPEchoClient()
{}
bool TCPEchoClient::doEcho( const std:: string & echo_message) const
{
if (TCPSend(echo_message.data(), echo_message.size()) < 0 ) {
return false ;
}
size_t total_received_length = 0 ;
while (total_received_length < echo_message.size()) {
if (TCPReceive() <= 0 ) {
return false ;
}
std::cout.write(preBuffer, preReceivedLength);
total_received_length += preReceivedLength;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
return true ;
}
最后是主程序。主程序在标准输入中阻塞等待用于echo的信息,为了避免无限循环,我们也设计一个可以关闭服务器端的命令/exit。这样,输入/exit或者服务器断开都可以导致客户端终止。
#include
"
SockClass.hpp
"
#include " AppSock.hpp "
int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
unsigned short server_port = 5000 ;
if (argc == 3 && atoi(argv[ 2 ]) > 0 ) {
server_port = atoi(argv[ 2 ]);
}
WinsockAPI winsockInfo;
winsockInfo.showVersion();
TCPEchoClient echo_client(argv[ 1 ], server_port);
std:: string msg;
bool go_on = true ;
while (msg != " /exit " && go_on == true ) {
std::cout << " Echo: " ;
std::getline(std::cin, msg);
go_on = echo_client.doEcho(msg);
}
return 0 ;
}
本节源代码下载:
#include " AppSock.hpp "
int main( int argc, char * argv[])
{
unsigned short server_port = 5000 ;
if (argc == 3 && atoi(argv[ 2 ]) > 0 ) {
server_port = atoi(argv[ 2 ]);
}
WinsockAPI winsockInfo;
winsockInfo.showVersion();
TCPEchoClient echo_client(argv[ 1 ], server_port);
std:: string msg;
bool go_on = true ;
while (msg != " /exit " && go_on == true ) {
std::cout << " Echo: " ;
std::getline(std::cin, msg);
go_on = echo_client.doEcho(msg);
}
return 0 ;
}
linux:
http://www.163pan.com/files/c0x000g0x.html
win32:
http://www.163pan.com/files/c0x000g0y.html