Zuul 架构图
在zuul中, 整个请求的过程是这样的,首先将请求给zuulservlet处理,zuulservlet中有一个zuulRunner对象,该对象中初始化了RequestContext:作为存储整个请求的一些数据,并被所有的zuulfilter共享。zuulRunner中还有 FilterProcessor,FilterProcessor作为执行所有的zuulfilter的管理器。FilterProcessor从filterloader 中获取zuulfilter,而zuulfilter是被filterFileManager所加载,并支持groovy热加载,采用了轮询的方式热加载。有了这些filter之后,zuulservelet首先执行的Pre类型的过滤器,再执行route类型的过滤器,最后执行的是post 类型的过滤器,如果在执行这些过滤器有错误的时候则会执行error类型的过滤器。执行完这些过滤器,最终将请求的结果返回给客户端。
zuul工作原理源码分析
在之前已经讲过,如何使用zuul,其中不可缺少的一个步骤就是在程序的启动类加上@EnableZuulProxy,该EnableZuulProxy类代码如下:
@EnableCircuitBreaker
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Import(ZuulProxyConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableZuulProxy {
}
其中,引用了ZuulProxyConfiguration,跟踪ZuulProxyConfiguration,该类注入了DiscoveryClient、RibbonCommandFactoryConfiguration用作负载均衡相关的。注入了一些列的filters,比如PreDecorationFilter、RibbonRoutingFilter、SimpleHostRoutingFilter,代码如如下:
@Bean
public PreDecorationFilter preDecorationFilter(RouteLocator routeLocator, ProxyRequestHelper proxyRequestHelper) {
return new PreDecorationFilter(routeLocator, this.server.getServletPrefix(), this.zuulProperties,
proxyRequestHelper);
}
// route filters
@Bean
public RibbonRoutingFilter ribbonRoutingFilter(ProxyRequestHelper helper,
RibbonCommandFactory<?> ribbonCommandFactory) {
RibbonRoutingFilter filter = new RibbonRoutingFilter(helper, ribbonCommandFactory, this.requestCustomizers);
return filter;
}
@Bean
public SimpleHostRoutingFilter simpleHostRoutingFilter(ProxyRequestHelper helper, ZuulProperties zuulProperties) {
return new SimpleHostRoutingFilter(helper, zuulProperties);
}
它的父类ZuulConfiguration ,引用了一些相关的配置。在缺失zuulServlet bean的情况下注入了ZuulServlet,该类是zuul的核心类。
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "zuulServlet")
public ServletRegistrationBean zuulServlet() {
ServletRegistrationBean servlet = new ServletRegistrationBean(new ZuulServlet(),
this.zuulProperties.getServletPattern());
// The whole point of exposing this servlet is to provide a route that doesn't
// buffer requests.
servlet.addInitParameter("buffer-requests", "false");
return servlet;
}
同时也注入了其他的过滤器,比如ServletDetectionFilter、DebugFilter、Servlet30WrapperFilter,这些过滤器都是pre类型的。
@Bean
public ServletDetectionFilter servletDetectionFilter() {
return new ServletDetectionFilter();
}
@Bean
public FormBodyWrapperFilter formBodyWrapperFilter() {
return new FormBodyWrapperFilter();
}
@Bean
public DebugFilter debugFilter() {
return new DebugFilter();
}
@Bean
public Servlet30WrapperFilter servlet30WrapperFilter() {
return new Servlet30WrapperFilter();
}
它也注入了post类型的,比如 SendResponseFilter,error类型,比如 SendErrorFilter,route类型比如SendForwardFilter,代码如下:
@Bean
public SendResponseFilter sendResponseFilter() {
return new SendResponseFilter();
}
@Bean
public SendErrorFilter sendErrorFilter() {
return new SendErrorFilter();
}
@Bean