Python人脸笑脸识别【人工智能】【CNN】

一、图片预处理

准备好我们所需要的数据

首先打开数据集，将人脸检测出来并对图片进行裁剪

import dlib  # 人脸识别的库dlib
import numpy as np  # 数据处理的库numpy
import cv2  # 图像处理的库OpenCv
import os

# dlib预测器
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
predictor = dlib.shape_predictor('shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat')

# 读取图像的路径
path_read = "D:\\Firefox_download\\genki4k\\files"
num = 0
for file_name in os.listdir(path_read):
    # aa是图片的全路径
    aa = (path_read + "/" + file_name)
    # 读入的图片的路径中含非英文
    img = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(aa, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)
    # 获取图片的宽高
    img_shape = img.shape
    img_height = img_shape[0]
    img_width = img_shape[1]

    # 用来存储生成的单张人脸的路径
    path_save = "D:\\Firefox_download\\genki4k\\files1"
    # dlib检测
    dets = detector(img, 1)
    print("人脸数：", len(dets))
    for k, d in enumerate(dets):
        if len(dets) > 1:
            continue
        num = num + 1
        # 计算矩形大小
        # (x,y), (宽度width, 高度height)
        pos_start = tuple([d.left(), d.top()])
        pos_end = tuple([d.right(), d.bottom()])

        # 计算矩形框大小
        height = d.bottom() - d.top()
        width = d.right() - d.left()

        # 根据人脸大小生成空的图像
        img_blank = np.zeros((height, width, 3), np.uint8)
        for i in range(height):
            if d.top() + i >= img_height:  # 防止越界
                continue
            for j in range(width):
                if d.left() + j >= img_width:  # 防止越界
                    continue
                img_blank[i][j] = img[d.top() + i][d.left() + j]
        img_blank = cv2.resize(img_blank, (200, 200), interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)

        cv2.imencode('.jpg', img_blank)[1].tofile(path_save + "\\" + "file" + str(num) + ".jpg")  # 正确方法

运行完成之后可以看到程序识别出了3878张人脸

二、划分数据集

代码：

import os, shutil

# 原始数据集路径
original_dataset_dir = 'D:\\Firefox_download\\genki4k\\files1'

# 新的数据集
base_dir = 'D:\\Firefox_download\\genki4k\\files2'
os.mkdir(base_dir)

# 训练图像、验证图像、测试图像的目录
train_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'train')
os.mkdir(train_dir)
validation_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'validation')
os.mkdir(validation_dir)
test_dir = os.path.join(base_dir, 'test')
os.mkdir(test_dir)

train_cats_dir = os.path.join(train_dir, 'smile')
os.mkdir(train_cats_dir)

train_dogs_dir = os.path.join(train_dir, 'unsmile')
os.mkdir(train_dogs_dir)

validation_cats_dir = os.path.join(validation_dir, 'smile')
os.mkdir(validation_cats_dir)

validation_dogs_dir = os.path.join(validation_dir, 'unsmile')
os.mkdir(validation_dogs_dir)

test_cats_dir = os.path.join(test_dir, 'smile')
os.mkdir(test_cats_dir)

test_dogs_dir = os.path.join(test_dir, 'unsmile')
os.mkdir(test_dogs_dir)

# 复制1000张笑脸图片到train_c_dir
fnames = ['file{}.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(1, 900)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(train_cats_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

fnames = ['file{}.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(900, 1350)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(validation_cats_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

# Copy next 500 cat images to test_cats_dir
fnames = ['file{}.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(1350, 1800)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(test_cats_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

fnames = ['file{}.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(2127, 3000)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(train_dogs_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

# Copy next 500 dog images to validation_dogs_dir
fnames = ['file{}.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(3000, 3878)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(validation_dogs_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

# Copy next 500 dog images to test_dogs_dir
fnames = ['file{}.jpg'.format(i) for i in range(3000, 3878)]
for fname in fnames:
    src = os.path.join(original_dataset_dir, fname)
    dst = os.path.join(test_dogs_dir, fname)
    shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

这里是创建一个新文件夹，如果已有同名的，程序运行会报错

base_dir = 'D:\\Firefox_download\\genki4k\\files2'
os.mkdir(base_dir)

运行效果：

三、CNN提取人脸识别笑脸和非笑脸

1.导入路径

因为前面划分了文件目录，这里就按照这个目录导入路径

train_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/smile/"
train_umsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/unsmile/"
test_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/smile/"
test_umsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/unsmile/"
validation_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/smile/"
validation_unsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/unsmile/"
train_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/"
test_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/"
validation_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/"

2.创建模型

#创建模型
from keras import layers
from keras import models
model = models.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu',input_shape=(150, 150, 3)))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Flatten())
model.add(layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
model.summary()#查看

运行结果：

3.归一化处理

from keras import layers
from keras import models
from tensorflow import optimizers
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
train_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/smile/"
train_umsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/unsmile/"
test_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/smile/"
test_umsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/unsmile/"
validation_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/smile/"
validation_unsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/unsmile/"
train_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/"
test_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/"
validation_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/"
#创建模型
model = models.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu',input_shape=(150, 150, 3)))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Flatten())
model.add(layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
#归一化
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
              optimizer=optimizers.RMSprop(lr=1e-4),
              metrics=['acc'])
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
validation_datagen=ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        # 目标文件目录
        train_dir,
        #所有图片的size必须是150x150
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=20,
        # Since we use binary_crossentropy loss, we need binary labels
        class_mode='binary')
validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        validation_dir,
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=20,
        class_mode='binary')
test_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(test_dir,
                                                   target_size=(150, 150),
                                                   batch_size=20,
                                                   class_mode='binary')
for data_batch, labels_batch in train_generator:
    print('data batch shape:', data_batch.shape)
    print('labels batch shape:', labels_batch)
    break
#'smile': 0, 'unsmile': 1

运行结果：

4.数据增强

#数据增强
datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
      rotation_range=40,
      width_shift_range=0.2,
      height_shift_range=0.2,
      shear_range=0.2,
      zoom_range=0.2,
      horizontal_flip=True,
      fill_mode='nearest')

查看数据增强后图片变化

#数据增强后图片变化
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# This is module with image preprocessing utilities
from keras.preprocessing import image
fnames = [os.path.join(train_smile_dir, fname) for fname in os.listdir(train_smile_dir)]
img_path = fnames[3]
img = image.load_img(img_path, target_size=(150, 150))
x = image.img_to_array(img)
x = x.reshape((1,) + x.shape)
i = 0
for batch in datagen.flow(x, batch_size=1):
    plt.figure(i)
    imgplot = plt.imshow(image.array_to_img(batch[0]))
    i += 1
    if i % 4 == 0:
        break
plt.show()

运行结果如下：

5.创建网络

import os
from keras import layers
from keras import models
from tensorflow import optimizers
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
train_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/smile/"
train_umsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/unsmile/"
test_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/smile/"
test_umsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/unsmile/"
validation_smile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/smile/"
validation_unsmile_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/unsmile/"
train_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/train/"
test_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/test/"
validation_dir="D:/Firefox_download/genki4k/files2/validation/"

#创建网络
model = models.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu',input_shape=(150, 150, 3)))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Flatten())
model.add(layers.Dropout(0.5))
model.add(layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
model.compile(loss='binary_crossentropy',
              optimizer=optimizers.RMSprop(lr=1e-4),
              metrics=['acc'])
#归一化处理
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rescale=1./255,
    rotation_range=40,
    width_shift_range=0.2,
    height_shift_range=0.2,
    shear_range=0.2,
    zoom_range=0.2,
    horizontal_flip=True,)

test_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255)

train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        # This is the target directory
        train_dir,
        # All images will be resized to 150x150
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=32,
        # Since we use binary_crossentropy loss, we need binary labels
        class_mode='binary')

validation_generator = test_datagen.flow_from_directory(
        validation_dir,
        target_size=(150, 150),
        batch_size=32,
        class_mode='binary')

history = model.fit_generator(
      train_generator,
      steps_per_epoch=100,
      epochs=60,
      validation_data=validation_generator,
      validation_steps=50)
model.save('smileAndUnsmile1.h5')
acc = history.history['acc']
val_acc = history.history['val_acc']
loss = history.history['loss']
val_loss = history.history['val_loss']

epochs = range(len(acc))

plt.plot(epochs, acc, 'bo', label='Training acc')
plt.plot(epochs, val_acc, 'b', label='Validation acc')
plt.title('Training and validation accuracy')
plt.legend()
plt.figure()

plt.plot(epochs, loss, 'bo', label='Training loss')
plt.plot(epochs, val_loss, 'b', label='Validation loss')
plt.title('Training and validation loss')
plt.legend()
plt.show()

运行结果：

四、单张图片测试

单张图片进行判断 是笑脸还是非笑脸

import cv2
from keras.preprocessing import image
from keras.models import load_model
import numpy as np
#加载模型
model = load_model('smileAndUnsmile1.h5')
#本地图片路径
img_path='22f99c41dba6e04495f93cd35e0a2da4.jpg'
img = image.load_img(img_path, target_size=(150, 150))

img_tensor = image.img_to_array(img)/255.0
img_tensor = np.expand_dims(img_tensor, axis=0)
prediction =model.predict(img_tensor)
print(prediction)
if prediction[0][0]>0.5:
    result='非笑脸'
else:
    result='笑脸'
print(result)

运行效果：

五、摄像头测试

#检测视频或者摄像头中的人脸
import cv2
from keras.preprocessing import image
from keras.models import load_model
import numpy as np
import dlib
from PIL import Image
model = load_model('smileAndUnsmile1.h5')
detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
video=cv2.VideoCapture(0)
font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
def rec(img):
    gray=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    dets=detector(gray,1)
    if dets is not None:
        for face in dets:
            left=face.left()
            top=face.top()
            right=face.right()
            bottom=face.bottom()
            cv2.rectangle(img,(left,top),(right,bottom),(0,255,0),2)
            img1=cv2.resize(img[top:bottom,left:right],dsize=(150,150))
            img1=cv2.cvtColor(img1,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
            img1 = np.array(img1)/255.
            img_tensor = img1.reshape(-1,150,150,3)
            prediction =model.predict(img_tensor)
            if prediction[0][0]>0.5:
                result='unsmile'
            else:
                result='smile'
            cv2.putText(img, result, (left,top), font, 2, (0, 255, 0), 2, cv2.LINE_AA)
        cv2.imshow('Video', img)
while video.isOpened():
    res, img_rd = video.read()
    if not res:
        break
    rec(img_rd)
    if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
        break
video.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

六、参考文献

Python-人脸识别并判断表情 笑脸或非笑脸 使用笑脸数据集genki4k