Linux GPIO子系统

一、Linux驱动程序

驱动程序为drivers\gpio\gpiolib-sysfs.c

二、通过SYSFS使用GPIO

如果只是简单的引脚控制(比如输出、查询输入值)，可以不编写驱动程序，这样可以节省很多事情。

但是涉及中断的话，就需要编写驱动程序了。

2.1 设置GPIO方向，读写值

1、可通过串口输出命令验证

1、设置你想操作的GPIO Pin，这里我们假设用GPIO76

cd /sys/class/gpio/
echo 76 > export

2、设置GPIO Pin的方向：
echo "in" > gpio76   //for input direction
echo "out" > gpio76   //for outputdirection

3、设置输出GPIO Pin的值
echo 1 > gpio76/value  //for output high level
echo 0 > gpio76/value  //for output low level

4、读取GPIO Pin的值
cat gpio76/value    //1:higl level， 0：low level

2、通过应用程序操作

（1）读取指定GPIO Pin的值

int getGPIOValue(int gpio)
{
	int fd = -1,value;
	char filename[256] = {0};
	char buf[32] = {0};

	if (access("/sys/class/gpio/export",F_OK))
	{
		ALOGD("/sys/class/gpio/export is no exist");
		return -1;
	}

	if (access("/sys/class/gpio/unexport",F_OK))
	{
		ALOGD("/sys/class/gpio/unexport is no exist");
		return -1;
	}

	fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/export",O_WRONLY);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ALOGD("open /sys/class/gpio/export fail");
		return -1;
	}
	sprintf(buf,"%d",gpio);
	write(fd,buf,strlen(buf));
	close(fd);

	sprintf(filename,"/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value",gpio);
	fd = open(filename,O_RDONLY);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ALOGD("open %s fail",filename);
		return -1;
	}

	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
	close(fd);

	value = atoi(buf);

	fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/unexport",O_WRONLY);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ALOGD("open /sys/class/gpio/unexport fail");
		return -1;
	}

	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	sprintf(buf,"%d",gpio);
	write(fd,buf,strlen(buf));
	close(fd);

	return value;
}

（2）设置指定GPIO Pin的方向和值

int setGPIOValue(int gpio,char *direction,int value)
{
	char filename[256] = {0};
	char buf[8] = {0};
	int fd = -1;

	if (access("/sys/class/gpio/export",F_OK))
	{
		ALOGD("/sys/class/gpio/export is no exist");
		return -1;
	}

	if (access("/sys/class/gpio/unexport",F_OK))
	{
		ALOGD("/sys/class/gpio/unexport is no exist");
		return -1;
	}

	fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/export",O_WRONLY);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ALOGD("open /sys/class/gpio/export fail");
		return -1;
	}
	sprintf(buf,"%d",gpio);
	write(fd,buf,strlen(buf));
	close(fd);

	memset(filename,0,sizeof(filename));
	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	sprintf(filename,"/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction",gpio); 
	fd = open(filename,O_WRONLY);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ALOGD("open %s fail",filename);
		return -1;
	}

	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	sprintf(buf,"%s",direction);
	write(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
	close(fd);
	
	memset(filename,0,sizeof(filename));
	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	sprintf(filename,"/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value",gpio);
	if(access(filename, F_OK))
	{
		ALOGD("%s is no exist!\n", filename);
		return -1;
	}

	memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
	sprintf(buf, "%d", value);
	fd = open(filename,O_WRONLY);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		ACTUILOG("open %s fail", filename);
		return -1;
	}
	write(fd,buf,sizeof(buf));
	close(fd);
	fd = -1;

	return 0;
}

比如setGPIOValue(76,"out",1);  //将GPIO76 设置为输出，并且输出高电平