Solaris操作系统介绍

1.2  Solaris操作系统介绍

Solaris SUN公司研发的多用户多任务的UNIX操作系统,1993年由SunOS改编而来。Solaris系统内核基于AT&T发布的SVR4System V Release 4,但Solaris同时也具备了一些BSD版本UNIX的特色。
Solaris
操作系统分为SPARCX86两种版本。

Solaris for SPARC版本只能安装在基于SPARC架构处理器(scalable processor architecture,可伸缩处理器体系结构)的服务器上。除了SUN公司自身的服务器外,Fujitsu(富士通)的基于SPARC架构的服务器(比如PrimePower系列)也都使用SUNSolaris系统。

Solaris for X86版本适用于X86架构的计算机(基于IntelAMD处理器的PC机)。目前有820多种X86平台,超过3000种基于X86的应用,支持Solaris操作系统。IBM也即将在基于X86IBM System X服务器和Blade Center server上发布Solaris操作系统。

Solaris 9版本开始,SUN公司开始致力于推行开源系统,Solaris 10是目前世界上开放源代码程度最高的操作系统。Solaris系统的安装源文件可以从SUN的网站上免费下载(需要注册一个免费账号并登录)。同时SUN还会不定期推出免费送介质的活动,你只需在SUN的网站上按照指导进行登记,就可以收到从美国寄来的Solaris安装介质盘(DVDCD格式),快则2周,慢则1个月左右。

目前Solaris的最新版本为Solaris 10 8/07Solaris 1020078月发布版,简称Solaris 10 U4版)。Solaris 10是目前业界安全评测最高的操作系统,而且在Solaris 10中内嵌了许多开源免费软件,比如IpfilterApache2等。这些第三方的开源软件与Solaris操作系统的完美融合,大大简化并便利了管理员的管理工作。

SUN的官方术语中,Solaris OSSolaris操作系统; SunOS则是指SUNUNIX平台版本,即Solaris的内核。Solaris OS由以下几个部分组成:

 SunOS软件,Solaris的系统内核;l
 
图形化用户环境;l
 ONC
系统(SUN公司开发的一些基于网络的服务,比如NFS,NIS,NIS+)。l

可在Solarisshell环境下,输入uname -a(或uname -x)或showrev查看SUNOS的版本号,用cat/etc/release命令查看Solaris的版本号。

$ uname -a  ----------输出结果显示SUNOS的完整版本号为5.10 Generic_118833-33
SUNOS t1000 5.10 Generic_118833-33 SUN4v sparc SUNW,SUN-Fire-T1000 Solaris
系统内核 主机名 内核发布版和微版本号   系统架构 处理器类型 系统类型/平台名
$ showrev
Hostname: t1000          
主机名
Hostid: 841e3f9c         
主机ID
Release: 5.10          SUNOS
版本
Kernel architecture: SUN4v       
内核架构(系统平台组)
Application architecture: sparc      
处理器类型
Hardware provider: SUN_Microsystems     
硬件厂商
Domain: x4100.unix-center.net       
域名
Kernel version: SUNOS 5.10 Generic_118833-33   
内核版本
$ cat /etc/release
Solaris 10 11/06 s10s_u3wos_10 SPARC
Copyright 2006 SUN Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
Assembled 14 November 2006  

Solaris 10简介

20051月,SUN正式发布Solaris的第10个版本:Solaris 10 OSSolaris 10为企业客户提升计算性能、解决计算资源巨大浪费问题开辟了一片新天地。半年内,Solaris 10 OS的全球注册用户已达210万。到2007年,Solaris的全球注册用户已超过700万。

Solaris 10SUN前进征途中的一个新的里程碑。它的主要新特性包括:动态跟踪(dtrace)、系统分区(zone)、进程权限管理、预测性自愈技术(FMSMF)、支持无限量存储的ZFS文件系统等,它还采用加密架构为客户提供免费的Solaris安全工具集。

Solaris 10为企业客户带来的10大主要功能可以概括如下:

1)针对LinuxSolaris OS的应用程序可并行运行;
      
2)系统的多样选择性,可用于基于SPARCAMD OpteronIntel处理器的系统;
      
3)可运行在不同制造商提供的340多款硬件平台上;
      
4)可将应用程序的运行速度较以往提升30倍之多;

      
5)军用级别的安全性,从未被病毒侵扰过;

      
6)提供兼容性保证,给予补偿担保;

      
7)系统资源利用率可提高达80%(无需采用大型主机);

      
8)具有创新性的故障保护文档系统,对数据提供保护;
      
9)系统和数据可自行修复;
      
10)支持从1路到100路的各种规模的系统。

Solaris 10是完全免费使用的操作系统。SUN针对Solaris 10操作系统推出的服务订购模式,包括免费服务、基本服务、标准服务和高级服务等多项选择,为客户提供了极大的灵活性和更高价值。这一创新的服务订购模式将改写商业操作系统应用的经济规则。

Solaris 10是迄今为止最先进的操作系统,它为业界创立了全新的优异的性能标准。Solaris 10将像风暴一样冲击着整个产业界,并为人类科技成就的获取注入巨大活力。

 

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2013年最新版的强悍Unix版本Solaris 11.1系统文件,功能十分强大,不愧是真正血统的Unix系统! Oracle Announces Availability of Oracle Solaris 11.1 and Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1 Delivers Oracle Database and Java Enhancements, Expanded Mission Critical Cloud Management Capabilities and Advanced Platform Features Redwood Shores, Calif – October 26, 2012 News Facts Oracle today announced general availability of Oracle Solaris 11.1 and Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1. Oracle Solaris 11 is the first cloud OS that allows customers to build large-scale enterprise-class Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS) clouds on a wide range of SPARC and x86 servers and Oracle engineered systems. Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1 extends high availability and disaster recovery capabilities of Oracle Solaris and includes unique virtual cluster features supporting highly efficient application consolidation with best-in-class availability. Oracle Solaris 11 is already widely in production with thousands of customers with mission critical deployments across industries such as financial services, communications, healthcare, retail, public sector and media and entertainment. Read customer success stories about Oracle Solaris here. Oracle Solaris 11 is also gaining strong momentum among enterprise application vendors with hundreds of applications already qualified for Oracle Solaris Ready status through the Oracle PartnerNetwork (OPN). OPN members can develop, sell and implement their solutions on Oracle Solaris 11 and take advantage of specialized Oracle Solaris resources to expand their market reach. Customers and partners can quickly and safely upgrade to Oracle Solaris 11.1 using the built-in update tools and software repositories available with Oracle Solaris 11. Oracle will host a webcast on November 7, 2012 at 8 a.m. Pacific time on Oracle Solaris 11.1 and Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1, featuring Markus Flierl, vice president, Oracle Solaris Engineering, Core Technology and Bill Nesheim, vice president, Oracle Solaris Engineering, Platform Software. Register here. This event will also include an interactive chat with core developers of Oracle Solaris and Oracle Solaris Cluster. New and Enhanced Features in Oracle Solaris 11.1 Oracle Solaris 11.1 increases the performance, availability and I/O throughput of the latest Oracle Database technology. A new, optimized shared memory interface between the Oracle Database and Oracle Solaris 11.1 provides 8x faster database startup and shutdown, as well as online resizing of the Oracle Database System Global Area (SGA). Oracle Solaris 11.1 introduces unique new capabilities for optimizing Oracle Database performance. Oracle Solaris 11.1 exposes Oracle Solaris DTrace I/O interfaces that allow an Oracle Database administrator to identify I/O outliers and subsequently isolate network or storage bottlenecks. A new Oracle Solaris DTrace plug-in for Oracle Java Mission Control to enable customers to profile Java applications on Oracle Solaris production systems. New cloud management features add to Oracle Solaris 11’s zero overhead built-in virtualization capabilities across system, network and storage resources, including expanded support for Software Defined Networks (SDN) with Edge Virtual Bridging enhancements, to maximize network resource utilization and manage bandwidth in cloud environments. New built-in memory predictor monitors application memory use and provides optimized memory page sizes and resource location to speed overall application performance. Support for an unprecedented 32 TB of RAM and thousands of CPUs unlocks the full potential of Oracle’s latest server systems. Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1 Highlights New Oracle Solaris 10 Zone Clusters allow customers to consolidate mission critical Oracle Solaris 10 applications on Oracle Solaris 11 cloud environments. Expanded disaster recovery operations using Oracle’s Sun ZFS Storage Appliance services along with Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1 to coordinate failover of applications and data to a remote disaster recovery site. Faster application recovery with improved storage failure detection and resource dependencies management. New labeled security capability in Oracle Solaris Zone Clusters provides military grade application separation in highly consolidated mission-critical deployments using Oracle Solaris 11 Trusted Extensions. Integrated Oracle Deployments and Support Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center provides comprehensive cloud management capabilities for Oracle Solaris 11, including self-service provisioning of Oracle Solaris 11 Zones. Ops Center’s integrated systems management delivers enterprise scale cloud performance. Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center is available to Oracle Solaris customers at no additional cost under the Ops Center Everywhere Program. Oracle Solaris Studio delivers the latest in compiler optimizations, multithread performance and powerful analysis tools for native development, and optimized application performance and reliability on Oracle Solaris 11.1 systems. Oracle Solaris 11 guarantees binary compatibility with previous Oracle Solaris versions through the Oracle Solaris Binary Application Guarantee Program, which provides customers a seamless upgrade path and the industry’s best investment protection. Oracle Solaris Legacy Containers allows older Oracle Solaris environments to be brought forward onto latest generation hardware to provide power, cooling and footprint consolidation savings. OPN members can find Oracle Solaris tools and resources in the Oracle Solaris Knowledge Zone, including Oracle Solaris Ready, Oracle Solaris 11 Specialization and Oracle Solaris Development Initiative. The Oracle Solaris Remote Lab now provides a secure cloud environment for OPN members to test and validate their applications with Oracle Solaris 11 in SPARC and x86 virtual environments. Supporting Quotes “Oracle recommends Oracle Solaris 11 for all UNIX®-based Oracle implementations. Oracle Solaris 11.1 delivers over 300 new performance and feature enhancements and is engineered together with Oracle Database, middleware, applications to increase performance, streamline management and automate support for Oracle deployments,” said John Fowler, executive vice president, Systems, Oracle. “The combination of the secure, highly available capabilities of Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.1 and the built-in virtualization of Oracle Solaris 11.1 helps customers bring their most mission-critical applications into a cost effective, agile cloud environment and delivers extreme availability for enterprise applications.” “Clients are looking for ways to reduce the complexity of systems management while enabling Platform as a Service (PaaS) & Software as a Service (SaaS) clouds,” says Lee Diamante, solutions architect, Systems Computing Solutions at Forsythe. “The value of Oracle Solaris 11 is that it maintains all the enterprise-class features expected with a mission-critical OS, while bringing in new, innovative technologies. Forsythe has a long and rich history of delivering customer solutions on Oracle Solaris systems. This is why we are excited about the Solaris 11.1 release.” “Oracle is making it much easier for partners like Informatica to gain access to their software with the new testing environments; shrinking the time to measurable results and value,” said Julie Lockner, vice president, ILM, Informatica. “With the release of Oracle Solaris 11.1 Informatica customers now have access to mission critical deployments across major industries, with an environment of high performance and high availability. With all the new feature enhancements, we look forward to making the Informatica Platform certified on the Oracle Solaris 11 product family.”

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