安卓ApiDemos学习 app/Alarm/AlarmService

使用alarm机制定时启动service，并让service显示Notification的例子

首先创建待定意图

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1. mAlarmSender = PendingIntent.getService(AlarmService.this,0, new Intent(AlarmService.this, AlarmService_Service.class), 0);  

mAlarmSender = PendingIntent.getService(AlarmService.this,0, new Intent(AlarmService.this, AlarmService_Service.class), 0);

注册alarm,30秒启动一次

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1. AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);  
2. am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP,firstTime, 30*1000, mAlarmSender);  

AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)getSystemService(ALARM_SERVICE);
am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.ELAPSED_REALTIME_WAKEUP,firstTime, 30*1000, mAlarmSender);

AlarmService_Service是接收intent的service

service首先显示Notification

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1. mNM = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);  
2. showNotification();  
3.   
4. private void showNotification() {  
5.         CharSequence text = getText(R.string.alarm_service_started);  
6.         Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, text,  
7.                 System.currentTimeMillis());  
8.         PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,  
9.                 new Intent(this, AlarmService.class), 0);  
10.         notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getText(R.string.alarm_service_label),  
11.                        text, contentIntent);  
12.         mNM.notify(R.string.alarm_service_started, notification);  
13. }  

mNM = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
showNotification();

private void showNotification() {
        CharSequence text = getText(R.string.alarm_service_started);
        Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.stat_sample, text,
                System.currentTimeMillis());
        PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
                new Intent(this, AlarmService.class), 0);
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getText(R.string.alarm_service_label),
                       text, contentIntent);
        mNM.notify(R.string.alarm_service_started, notification);
}

Notification的第1个参数，用来表示通知发出时，状态栏显示的的图标

Notification的第2个参数，用来表示通知发出时，状态栏显示的滚动文字

Notification的第3个参数，用来表示通知的时间

notification.setLatestEventInfo的参数2，里面设置的文字对应Sample Alarm Service这句话

notification.setLatestEventInfo的参数3，里面设置的文字对应The alarm service has started running这句话

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1. mNM.notify(R.string.alarm_service_started, notification);  

mNM.notify(R.string.alarm_service_started, notification);

notify的第一个参数表示Notification的唯一ID,cancel通知的时候要用到这个ID

service退出的时候，就会将通知消除

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1. public void onDestroy() {  
2.     // Cancel the notification -- we use the same ID that we had used to start it  
3.     mNM.cancel(R.string.alarm_service_started);  
4.   
5.     // Tell the user we stopped.  
6.     Toast.makeText(this, R.string.alarm_service_finished, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
7. }  

    public void onDestroy() {
        // Cancel the notification -- we use the same ID that we had used to start it
        mNM.cancel(R.string.alarm_service_started);

        // Tell the user we stopped.
        Toast.makeText(this, R.string.alarm_service_finished, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

点击通知的时候，会执行传入的待定意图，启动画面

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1.         PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,  
2.                 new Intent(this, AlarmService.class), 0);  
3.         notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getText(R.string.alarm_service_label),  
4.                        text, contentIntent);  

        PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
                new Intent(this, AlarmService.class), 0);
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, getText(R.string.alarm_service_label),
                       text, contentIntent);

注意：PendingIntent.getService是用来启动service的待定意图，PendingIntent.getActivity是用来启动Activity的待定意图

service接着启动一个线程，用来暂停15秒

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1. Thread thr = new Thread(null, mTask, "AlarmService_Service");  
2. thr.start();  

        Thread thr = new Thread(null, mTask, "AlarmService_Service");
        thr.start();

在线程中，等待15秒后，会停止service

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1. long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 15*1000;  
2. while (System.currentTimeMillis() < endTime) {  
3.     synchronized (mBinder) {  
4.         try {  
5.             mBinder.wait(endTime - System.currentTimeMillis());  
6.         } catch (Exception e) {  
7.         }  
8.     }  
9. }  
10.   
11. // Done with our work...  stop the service!  
12. AlarmService_Service.this.stopSelf();  

            long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 15*1000;
            while (System.currentTimeMillis() < endTime) {
                synchronized (mBinder) {
                    try {
                        mBinder.wait(endTime - System.currentTimeMillis());
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                    }
                }
            }

            // Done with our work...  stop the service!
            AlarmService_Service.this.stopSelf();

最后分析下Binder运用。按照我的理解，Binder就像是service提供的一个远程调用的插座。

其他进程可以通过这个插座连接到service上，并调用Binder提供的一些方法。ServiceConnection就像是其他进程的插头，用来取得service提供的Binder。

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1. private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection(){  
2.     public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {  
3.     // Called when the connection is made.  
4.     serviceBinder = ((MyService.MyBinder)service).getService();  
5.     }  
6.    
7.     public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {  
8.     // Received when the service unexpectedly disconnects.  
9.     serviceBinder = null;  
10.     }  
11. };  

private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection(){
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
    // Called when the connection is made.
    serviceBinder = ((MyService.MyBinder)service).getService();
    }
 
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName className) {
    // Received when the service unexpectedly disconnects.
    serviceBinder = null;
    }
};

绑定service，需要指定目的service以及ServiceConnection

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1. Intent bindIntent = new Intent(MyActivity.this, MyService.class);  
2. bindService(bindIntent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);  

Intent bindIntent = new Intent(MyActivity.this, MyService.class);
bindService(bindIntent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

当然，本例并没有其他进程连接过来，只是利用binder对象作为同步lock的对象而已

因为没有人调用binder的notify，所以它只能老老实实的等待wait函数超时了