1.什么是缓冲区
在Java NIO中负责数据的存取,缓冲区的底层其实就是数组。用于存储不同数据类型的数组。除了八大基本数据类型中的boolean
类型,其他的类型都有其对应的缓冲区。
ByteBuffer
CharBuffer
IntBuffer
ShortBuffer
LongBuffer
FloatBuffer
DoubleBuffer
2.缓存区属性
属性 | 说明 |
---|---|
容量(Capacity) | 缓冲区能够容纳的数据元素的最大数量,缓冲区创建时被设定,永远不能被改变 |
上界(Limit) | 下一个要被读或写的元素的索引,位置会自动由相应的get()和put()方法更新 |
位置(Position) | 一个备忘位置,调用mark()方法来设定,mark=position,调用reset方法设定position=mark。标记在设定前是未定义的(undefined) |
mark <= position <= limit <= capacity
3.缓存区读写操作
String bufferStr = "buffer";
System.out.println("------------分配缓冲区allocate()-------------");
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/* ------------分配缓冲区allocate()-------------
0
1024
1024*/
System.out.println("------------缓冲区存数据put()-------------");
buffer.put(bufferStr.getBytes());
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/*------------缓冲区存数据put()-------------
6
1024
1024*/
System.out.println("------------缓冲区切换到读数据模式flip()-------------");
buffer.flip();
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/* ------------缓冲区切换到读数据模式flip()-------------
0
6
1024*/
System.out.println("------------缓冲区读数据get()-------------");
byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer.limit()];
buffer.get(bytes);
System.out.println("缓存区存入的数据是>>>"+new String(bytes));
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/* ------------缓冲区读数据get()-------------
缓存区存入的数据是>>>buffer
6
6
1024*/
System.out.println("------------重复读rewind()-------------");
buffer.rewind();
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/* ------------重复读rewind()-------------
0
6
1024*/
System.out.println("------------清除clear():处于被遗忘状态,起始数据还在-------------");
buffer.clear();
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/*------------清除clear()-------------
0
1024
1024*/
具体实现不做赘述。
4.mark()与reset()
mark()用作position定位,与reset()共同使用,可以使在调用reset()方法时让postion返回到mark()方法调用时的postion。
String str = "buffer";
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
buffer.put(str.getBytes());
buffer.flip();
byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer.limit()];
buffer.get(bytes,0,2);
System.out.println(new String(bytes,0,2));
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/*2
6
1024*/
System.out.println("------------mark()--------------");
buffer.mark();
buffer.get(bytes,2,2);
System.out.println(new String(bytes,2,2));
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/*------------mark()--------------
ff
4
6
1024*/
System.out.println("-------------reset()-------------");
buffer.reset();
System.out.println(buffer.position());
System.out.println(buffer.limit());
System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
/*-------------reset()-------------
2
6
1024*/