python入门

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# python 常用功能和函数

import time
import os



class Learn:
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = 'wlt'


    # 比较
    def iftest(self):

        num = 10
        if num > 1:
            print('num > 1')
        elif num == 2:
            print('num==2 ')
        else:
            print('num <1 ')
        if num < 0 or num > 10:    # 判断值是否在小于0或大于10
            print('hello')
        else:
            print('num <1 ')



     #        循环
    def looptest(self):
         # whele 循环
         count = 0
         while( count < 9 ):
            print('count is ', count)
            count = count +1

         # whele else 循环
         count = 0
         while count < 5:
           print(count, " is  less than 5")
           count = count + 1
         else:
          print (count, " is not less than 5")

        # for 循环
         fruits = ['banana', 'apple',  'mango']
         for item in fruits:
             print(item)
#             通过序列索引迭代
         for index in range(len(fruits)):
             print(fruits[index])
# pass

         for item in fruits:
             if item == 'apple':
                 pass
                 print('this is pass ')
             print(item)


#             数字

    def stringtest(self):
        string ='louis'
        str1 = 'hello'
        print(string[1])
        print(string[1:4])
        #字符串运算符
        print(str1 + string)
        print(str1 *2) #重复输入
        print('l' in str1)#in
        print('l' not in str1)# not in
        print('xx %s',21)
        print(string.islower())  #是否是小写
        print(string.lower())  #转成小写小写
        print(string.count('l'))  #字符l的数目


    # 列表,数组
    def listtest(self):
        list = ['hello','xx','des']
        print(list)
        print(list[0])
        print(list[0:3])
        del list[0] # 删除列表
        print(len(list))#列表元素个数
        list.append('ini') # 添加ini到list中
        list.pop() # 添加ini到list中
        # list.remove('ini') #移除ini
    def dictest(self):
        dic = {'Alice': '2341', 'Beth': '9102', 'Cecil': '3258'}
        print(dic['Alice'])
        print(len(dic))
        dic.keys()
        dic.values()
        dic['Alice'] = 122  # 赋值
        del dic['Name']; # 删除键是'Name'的条目
        dic.clear();     # 清空词典所有条目
        del dic ;        # 删除词典
    # 时间常用
    def datetest(self):
        localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
        print (time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()) )
        print (time.strftime("%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y", time.localtime()) )
        time.sleep( 5 )
    # io常用
    def iotest(self):
        str = input("请输入：")  #输入
        print(str)
        fo = open("xx.py", "wb")
        print("文件名: ", fo.name)
        print("是否已关闭 : ", fo.closed)
        print("访问模式 : ", fo.mode)
        fo.close()
#         打开文件
        file = open("foo.txt",'r+')  # 读写
        file.write("www.runoob.com!\nVery good site!\n")
        string = file.read(10)
        print(string)
        file.close()

    #     文件操作
    def filetest(self):
        os.remove("test2.txt")
        os.mkdir('xexf') #创建目录
        os.rmdir('xexf') #删除目录

    #     异常处理
    def exceptiontest(self):

        try:
            file = open('xxx.txt','r')
        except IOError:
            print(IOError.errno)
            print(IOError.filename)
        else:
            print('没有异常')

 























Test = Learn()

# Test.iftest()
# Test.looptest()
# Test.stringtest()
# Test.listtest()
# Test.dictest()
# Test.datetest()
# Test.iotest()
Test.exceptiontest()