cobbler

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-19 17:42:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-19 17:42:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wangniezhou/article/details/107680109

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简介

Cobbler 介绍

Cobbler是一个Linux服务器快速网络安装的服务，而且在经过调整也可以支持网络安装windows。
该工具使用python开发，小巧轻便（才15k行python代码），可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS，TFTP、RSYNC以及yum仓库、构造系统ISO镜像。
Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
Cobbler是较早前的kickstart的升级版，优点是比较容易配置，还自带web界面比较易于管理。
Cobbler内置了一个轻量级配置管理系统，但它也支持和其它配置管理系统集成，如Puppet，暂时不支持SaltStack。
Cobbler客户端Koan支持虚拟机安装和操作系统重新安装，使重装系统更便捷。

Cobbler 可以干啥

使用Cobbler，您无需进行人工干预即可安装机器。Cobbler设置一个PXE引导环境（它还可以使用yaboot支持PowerPC），并控制与安装相关的所有方面，比如网络引导服务（DHCP和TFTP）与存储库镜像。当希望安装一台新机器时，Cobbler可以：
1）使用一个以前定义的模板来配置DHCP服务（如果启用了管理DHCP）
2）将一个存储库（yum或rsync）建立镜像或解压缩一个媒介，以注册一个新操作系统
3）在DHCP配置文件中为需要安装的机器创建一个条目，并使用指定的参数（IP和MAC）
4）在TFTP服务目录下创建适当的PXE文件
5）重新启动DHCP服务来反应新的更改
6）重新启动机器以开始安装（如果电源管理已启动）

Cobbler 支持的系统和功能

Cobbler支持众多的发行版：RedHat、Fedora、CentOS、Debian、Ubuntu和SUSE。当添加一个操作系统（通常通过使用ISO文件）时，Cobbler知道如何解压缩合适的文件并调整网络服务，以正确引导机器。

Cobbler可以使用kickstart模板。基于Red Hat或 Fedora的系统使用kickstart文件来自动化安装流程。通过使用模板，就会拥有基本的kickstart模板，然后定义如何针对一种配置文件或机器配置而替换其中的变量。例如，一个模板可能包含两个变量 $d o m a i n 和$ machine_name.在Cobbler配置中，一个配置文件指定 domain=mydomain.com，并且每台使用该配置文件的机器在machine_name变量中指定其名称。该配置文件的所有机器都使用相同的 kickstart安装且针对domain=mydomain.com进行配置，但每台机器拥有其自己的机器名称。您仍然可以使用kickstart模板在不同的域中安装其他机器并使用不同的机器名称。

为了协助管理系统，Cobbler可通过fence scripts连接到各个电源管理环境。Cobbler支持apc_snmp、bladecenter、bullpap、drac、 ether_wake、ilo、integrity、ipmilan、ipmitool、lpar、rsa、virsh和wti。要重新安装一台机器，可运行reboot system foo命令，而且Cobbler会使用必要的和信息来为您运行恰当的fence scripts（比如机器插槽数）。

除了这些特性，还可以使用一个配置管理系统（CMS）。你有两种选择：该工具内的一个内部系统，或者现成的外部CMS，比如Chef或 Puppet。借助内部系统，你可以指定文件模板，这些模板会依据配置参数进行处理（与kickstart模板的处理方式一样），然后复制到你指定的位置。如果必须自动将配置文件部署到特定机器，那么此功能很有用

使用koan客户端，Cobbler可从客户端配置虚拟机并重新安装系统。

cobbler配置文件详解

cobbler配置文件目录在/etc/cobbler

配置文件	作用
/etc/cobbler/settings	cobbler 主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/iso/	iso模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxe	pxe模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/power	电源配置文件
/etc/cobbler/user.conf	web服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest	web访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/dhcp.template	dhcp服务器的的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/dnsmasq.template	dns服务器的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/tftpd.template	tftp服务的配置模板
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf	模块的配置文件

cobbler数据目录

目录	作用
/var/lib/cobbler/config/	用于存放distros，system，profiles等信息配置文件
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/	用于存放用户定义的cobbler命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstart/	默认存放kickstart文件
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/	存放各种引导程序以及镜像目录
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/	导入的发行版系统的所有数据
/var/www/cobbler/images/	导入发行版的kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/	yum仓库存储目录

cobbler日志文件

日志文件路径	说明
/var/log/cobbler/installing	客户端安装日志
/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log	cobbler日志

cobbler命令详解

cobbler check //核对当前设置是否有问题
cobbler list //列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report //列出元素的详细信息
cobbler sync //同步配置到数据目录,更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync //同步yum仓库
cobbler distro //查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system //查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile //查看配置信息

cobbler服务端部署

//配置yum源
[root@wnz ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@wnz ~]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@wnz ~]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@wnz ~]# yum -y install epel-release

//安装cobbler以及相关的软件
[root@wnz ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler  xinetd cobbler-web pykickstart net-tools

//启动服务并设置开机自启
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl start cobblerd
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service.

//修改server的ip地址为本机ip
[root@wnz ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.201.140/' /etc/cobbler/settings
//设置tftp的ip地址为本机ip
[root@wnz ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.201.140/' /etc/cobbler/settings

//开启tftp
[root@wnz ~]# sed -i '/disable/s/yes/no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

//下载缺失文件
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2020-07-29_150623_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Wed Jul 29 15:06:23 2020)
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/README to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.elilo to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.elilo
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.yaboot to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/COPYING.syslinux to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING.syslinux
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/elilo-3.8-ia64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/yaboot-1.3.17 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/pxelinux.0-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux.0
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/menu.c32-3.86 to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu.c32
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi
downloading https://cobbler.github.io/loaders/grub-0.97-x86_64.efi to /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//启动rsync并设置开机自启
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.

//生成加密的密码
[root@wnz ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" 'wang123!'
$1$19959$gjstoQeupWK17KUTpsEUD/      //这是密码加密后的形式

//将新生成的加密密码加入到配置文件
....    //此处为省略内容
default_password_crypted: "$1$19959$gjstoQeupWK17KUTpsEUD/"
.....   //此处为省略内容

//重启cobbler
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@wnz ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port                 Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      5                   *:873                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                 *:22                              *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100         127.0.0.1:25                              *:*                  
LISTEN     0      5           127.0.0.1:25151                           *:*                  
LISTEN     0      5                [::]:873                          [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      128              [::]:80                           [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      128              [::]:22                           [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      100             [::1]:25                           [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      128              [::]:443                          [::]:*                  

//通过cobbler check 核对当前设置是否有问题
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
//以上两个是关于debian系统的错误，请忽略

//配置cobbler dhcp
//修改cobbler配置文件，让cobbler控制dhcp
[root@wnz ~]# sed -i '/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings
[root@wnz ~]# sed -n '/^manage_dhcp/p' /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1

//配置dhcp
[root@wnz ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
....    //此处为省略内容
subnet 192.168.201.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  //这里改为你服务端的网段
     option routers             192.168.201.140;   //这里改为你服务端的IP
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.201.2;  //这里指定系统安装好后的dns地址
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.201.100 192.168.201.254;
     default-lease-time         21600;
     max-lease-time             43200;
     next-server                $next_server;
....    //此处为省略内容

//重启服务并同步配置，改完dhcp必须要sync同步配置
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2020-07-29_154453_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Jul 29 15:44:53 2020)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//检查dhcp是否正常
[root@wnz ~]# netstat -anulp|grep dhcp
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           1844/dhcpd    

//导入redhat7镜像
[root@wnz ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=rhel-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2020-07-29_155304_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Wed Jul 29 15:53:04 2020)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Found a matching signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel7
Adding distros from path /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64:
creating new distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying symlink: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64 -> /var/www/cobbler/links/rhel-7-x86_64
creating new profile: rhel-7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
starting descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64 for rhel-7-x86_64
processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
//说明：
    --path      //镜像路径
    --name      //为安装源定义一个名字
    --arch      //指定安装源平台

//安装源的唯一标示就是根据name参数来定义，本例导入成功后，安装源的唯一标示就是：CentOS-7-x86_64，如果重复，系统会提示导入失败

//查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler list
distros:
   rhel-7-x86_64

profiles:
   rhel-7-x86_64

systems:

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:


//创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
[root@wnz ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks 
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512
bootloader --location=mbr
clearpart --all --initlabel
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=500
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=15000
text
firewall --disabled
firstboot --disable
keyboard us
lang en_US
url --url=http://192.168.201.140/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64
$yum_repo_stanza
reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $6$2WTFvfNvAMgCUPuC$MJgWGzhakgxrRObcEbAwSe8vkz0s//xyiTllGwxRsHHruQhcskO69u2LVTU9u0eemHXH2pzcGawyAJ54R2E/x0

selinux --disabled
skipx
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp
install
zerombr

%packages
@^minimal
@core
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

//检查ks文件语法是否有误
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler validateks
task started: 2020-07-29_160420_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Wed Jul 29 16:04:20 2020)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.201.140/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/rhel-7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel7" "http://192.168.201.140/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/rhel-7-x86_64"
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//查看当前cobbler有哪些配置文件
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler profile list
   rhel-7-x86_64

//修改profile，将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler profile edit --name rhel-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks

//配置网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler profile edit --name rhel-7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

//检查当前系统cobbler配置文件信息
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler profile report
Name                           : rhel-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : rhel-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
Fetchable Files                : {}
Kernel Options                 : {'biosdevname': '0', 'net.ifnames': '0'}  //网卡设为传统命名方式
Kernel Options (Post Install)  : {}
Kickstart                      : /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-7-x86_64.ks  //使用的kickstarts配置文件的路径，必须为我们新建的ks文件的路径
Kickstart Metadata             : {}
Management Classes             : []
Management Parameters          : <<inherit>>
Name Servers                   : []
Name Servers Search Path       : []
Owners                         : ['admin']
Parent Profile                 : 
Internal proxy                 : 
Red Hat Management Key         : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server      : <<inherit>>
Repos                          : []
Server Override                : <<inherit>>
Template Files                 : {}
Virt Auto Boot                 : 1
Virt Bridge                    : xenbr0
Virt CPUs                      : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type          : raw
Virt File Size(GB)             : 5
Virt Path                      : 
Virt RAM (MB)                  : 512
Virt Type                      : kvm


//同步cobbler
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2020-07-29_161100_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Wed Jul 29 16:11:00 2020)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for rhel-7-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

//为避免发生未知问题，先把服务端所有服务重启
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl restart xinetd cobblerd httpd
[root@wnz ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address:Port                 Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      5                   *:873                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      128                 *:22                              *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100         127.0.0.1:25                              *:*                  
LISTEN     0      5           127.0.0.1:25151                           *:*                  
LISTEN     0      5                [::]:873                          [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      128              [::]:80                           [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      128              [::]:22                           [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      100             [::1]:25                           [::]:*                  
LISTEN     0      128              [::]:443                          [::]:*

客户端安装

在这里插入图片描述

定制安装

定制安装步骤：

统计服务器mac地址
配置cobbler
安装

//导入 rhel 8 镜像

//将虚拟机光盘换成rhel8的镜像并挂载
[root@wnz ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

//导入镜像
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=rhel-8 --arch=x86_64

//查看cobbler镜像列表
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler list
distros:
   rhel-7-x86_64
   rhel-8-x86_64

profiles:
   rhel-7-x86_64
   rhel-8-x86_64

systems:
   vm1

repos:

images:

mgmtclasses:

packages:

files:

//创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
[root@wnz ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/rhel-8-x86_64.ks
ignoredisk --only-use=nvme0n1
autopart --type=lvm

clearpart --none --initlabel

text
url --url=http://192.168.201.140/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-8-x86_64

keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'
lang en_US.UTF-8

$yum_repo_stanza 
reboot

rootpw --iscrypted $6$Ia98ppHXZzV3NNxG$gLp9FrDww/gNVTZ0lMPczKstybufnyyzty8I2eRXPosiSLC/TKjIIomG5qrpcZ/YCdocTgy.o9Z77JLW8zNe0/

skipx

timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc --nontp

%packages
@^minimal-environment
kexec-tools

%end

%addon com_redhat_kdump --enable --reserve-mb='auto'

%end

%anaconda
pwpolicy root --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
pwpolicy user --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --emptyok
pwpolicy luks --minlen=6 --minquality=1 --notstrict --nochanges --notempty
%end

在这里插入图片描述

//同步配置信息，并重启服务
[root@wnz ~]# cobbler sync
task started: 2020-07-30_182005_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Thu Jul 30 18:20:05 2020)
running pre-sync triggers
cleaning trees
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-8-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/efidefault
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-8-x86_64
removing: /var/lib/tftpboot/s390x/profile_list
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86.efi
trying hardlink /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi -> /var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
copying files for distro: rhel-8-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-8-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/lib/tftpboot/images/rhel-8-x86_64/initrd.img
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
copying files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-7-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-7-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for rhel-7-x86_64
copying files for distro: rhel-8-x86_64
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-8-x86_64/vmlinuz
trying hardlink /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/rhel-8-x86_64/images/pxeboot/initrd.img -> /var/www/cobbler/images/rhel-8-x86_64/initrd.img
Writing template files for rhel-8-x86_64
rendering DHCP files
generating /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
processing boot_files for distro: rhel-7-x86_64
processing boot_files for distro: rhel-8-x86_64
cleaning link caches
running post-sync triggers
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart dhcpd.service

running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/*
running python triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@wnz ~]# systemctl restart xinetd cobblerd httpd

在这里插入图片描述

小洲_Hello

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cobbler

简介Cobbler 介绍Cobbler是一个Linux服务器快速网络安装的服务，而且在经过调整也可以支持网络安装windows。该工具使用python开发，小巧轻便（才15k行python代码），可以通过网络启动(PXE)的方式来快速安装、重装物理服务器和虚拟机，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS，TFTP、RSYNC以及yum仓库、构造系统ISO镜像。Cobbler可以使用命令行方式管理，也提供了基于Web的界面管理工具(cobbler-web)，还提供了API接口，可以方便二次开发使用。
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