- 观察者模式Observer:多个对象对一个对象进行监控,如缓存
- Subject:就是“被观察”的角色,它将所有观察者对象的引用保存在一个集合中。
- Observer:是抽象的“观察”角色,它定义了一个更新接口,使得在被观察者状态发生改变时通知自己。
- ConcreteObserver:具体的观察者。
public interface Observer {
void update(Subject subject);
}
public class Subject {
protected List<Observer> list = new ArrayList<Observer>();
public void registerObserver(Observer obs) {
list.add(obs);
}
public void removeObserver(Observer obs) {
list.remove(obs);
}
//通知所有观察者更新状态
public void notifyAllObservers() {
for (Observer obs : list) {
obs.update(this);
}
}
}
public class ConcreteSubject extends Subject{
private int state;
public int getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(int state) {
this.state = state;
//主题对象(目标对象)值发生了变化,请通知所有的观察者
this.notifyAllObservers();
}
}
public class ObserverA implements Observer{
private int myState;//myState需要和目标对象的state保持一致
@Override
public void update(Subject subject) {
setMyState(((ConcreteSubject)subject).getState());
}
public int getMyState() {
return myState;
}
public void setMyState(int myState) {
this.myState = myState;
}
}
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 目标对象
ConcreteSubject subject = new ConcreteSubject();
//创建多个观察者
ObserverA obs1 = new ObserverA();
ObserverA obs2 = new ObserverA();
ObserverA obs3 = new ObserverA();
//将观察者添加到subject对象的观察队伍中
subject.registerObserver(obs1);
subject.registerObserver(obs2);
subject.registerObserver(obs3);
System.out.println("===" +obs1.getMyState());
System.out.println("===" +obs2.getMyState());
System.out.println("===" +obs3.getMyState());
//改变subject的状态
subject.setState(1000);
System.out.println("===" +obs1.getMyState());
System.out.println("===" +obs2.getMyState());
System.out.println("===" +obs3.getMyState());
}
}