C++ 用类封装 pthread

一个项目中需要用到pthread，发现把它封装到类中使用起来更加的方便。

这里保存了实例代码，以备以后使用。

头文件中定义了ThreadBase类，它包含了线程基本的一些接口，start()  join() 和quit()

run()为接口函数，使派生类可以实现自己的工作函数。

thread_base.h

#ifndef _THREAD_BASE_H_
#define _THREAD_BASE_H_

#include <pthread.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <signal.h>

using namespace std;


class ThreadBase
{
private:
    pthread_t m_tid;
    bool      m_isAlive;

private:
    static void* start_func(void* arg);

public:
    int start();
    int join();
    int quit();

    pthread_t getTid();
    bool isAlive();

    virtual void run() = 0;
    virtual ~ThreadBase();
};


#endif

thread_base.cpp, 在析构函数中会通过thread_kill向线程发送信号，终止正在运行的线程。

这里并没有采用pthread_cancle的方式。

#include "thread_base.h"


void* ThreadBase::start_func(void* arg)
{
    ThreadBase *ptr = (ThreadBase*) arg;
    ptr->run();

    return NULL;
}


int ThreadBase::start()
{
    cout << "Start a new thread" << endl;
    if (pthread_create(&m_tid, NULL, start_func, (void*)this) != 0)
    {
        cout << "Start a new thread failed!" << endl;
        return -1;
    }

    cout << "Start a new thread success! tid="<< m_tid << endl;
    m_isAlive = true;
    return 0;
}

int ThreadBase::join()
{
    int ret = -1;
    cout << "Join the thread tid=" << m_tid <<endl;
    ret = pthread_join(m_tid, NULL);

    if (ret != 0)
        cout << "Join the thread fail tid=" << m_tid <<endl;
    else
        cout << "Join the thread success tid=" << m_tid <<endl;

    return ret;
}

int ThreadBase::quit()
{
    cout << "Quit the thread tid=" << m_tid <<endl;
    m_isAlive = false;
    return 0;
}

pthread_t ThreadBase::getTid()
{
    return m_tid;
}


bool ThreadBase::isAlive()
{
    return m_isAlive;
}


ThreadBase::~ThreadBase()
{
    cout << "~ThreadBase tid="<< m_tid << endl;
    if (m_isAlive)
    {
        cout << "Kill the thread tid= "<< m_tid << endl;
        pthread_kill(m_tid, 0);
    }
}

test.cpp是一个测试文件，它会创建3个线程，前两个以正常方式结束，第3个会在析构函数中结束线程。

#include "thread_base.h"
#include "unistd.h"

class ThreadTest1 : public ThreadBase
{
public:
    void run();
};


void ThreadTest1::run()
{
    while (isAlive() == true)
    {
        cout << "Thread test 1 tid="<< getTid() << endl;
        sleep(1);
    }
}


class ThreadTest2 : public ThreadBase
{
public:
    void run();
};


void ThreadTest2::run()
{
    while (isAlive() == true)
    {
        cout << "Thread test 2 tid="<< getTid() << endl;
        sleep(1);
    }
}


class ThreadTest3 : public ThreadBase
{
public:
    void run();
};


void ThreadTest3::run()
{
    while (isAlive() == true)
    {
        cout << "Thread test 3 tid="<< getTid() << endl;
        sleep(1);
    }
}

int main()
{
    ThreadBase *test1 = new ThreadTest1();
    ThreadBase *test2 = new ThreadTest2();
    ThreadBase *test3 = new ThreadTest3();

    test1->start();
    test2->start();
    test3->start();

    sleep(10);

    test1->quit();
    test2->quit();

    test1->join();
    test2->join();

    delete test1;
    delete test2;
    delete test3;

    return 0;
}

make file

CC = g++
RM = rm
CFLAGS = -O2 -lpthread
OBJSDIR = .objs
#VPATH = .
OBJS = thread_base.o test.o
TARGET = test

$(OBJSDIR):
	mkdir -p ./$@
$(TARGET):$(OBJSDIR) $(OBJS)
	$(CC) -o $(TARGET) $(OBJSDIR)/*.o $(CFLAGS)

$(OBJS): %.o:%.cpp
	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $(OBJSDIR)/$@

clean:
	-$(RM) $(TARGET)
	-$(RM) $(OBJSDIR)/*.o

当然如果需要还可以在基类中添加更多的功能，比如给线程设置一个逻辑的名字，添加线程对应的队列(类似 TLS)等方式。