Android 6.0动态权限框架EasyPermissions的使用

在6.0下新的权限机制分为两类，Normal Permissions，这类权限是不需要用户授权，不会触及用户的隐私，只需要在manefest里面申请即可；还有一类是Dangerous Permissions，这类权限需要动态的去申请。

Normal Permission如下：

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1. android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS  
2. android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE  
3. android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY  
4. android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE  
5. android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE  
6. android.permission.BLUETOOTH  
7. android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN  
8. android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY  
9. android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE  
10. android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE  
11. android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE  
12. android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE  
13. android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD  
14. android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR  
15. android.permission.FLASHLIGHT  
16. android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS  
17. android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE  
18. android.permission.INTERNET  
19. android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES  
20. android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS  
21. android.permission.NFC  
22. android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS  
23. android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS  
24. android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED  
25. android.permission.REORDER_TASKS  
26. android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES  
27. android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE  
28. android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER  
29. android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS  
30. android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ  
31. android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR  
32. android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT  
33. android.permission.VIBRATE  
34. android.permission.WAKE_LOCK  
35. android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS  
36. com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM  
37. com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT  
38. com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT  

  android.permission.ACCESS_LOCATION_EXTRA_COMMANDS
  android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
  android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY
  android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE
  android.permission.ACCESS_WIMAX_STATE
  android.permission.BLUETOOTH
  android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN
  android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY
  android.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_MULTICAST_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
  android.permission.CHANGE_WIMAX_STATE
  android.permission.DISABLE_KEYGUARD
  android.permission.EXPAND_STATUS_BAR
  android.permission.FLASHLIGHT
  android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
  android.permission.GET_PACKAGE_SIZE
  android.permission.INTERNET
  android.permission.KILL_BACKGROUND_PROCESSES
  android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS
  android.permission.NFC
  android.permission.READ_SYNC_SETTINGS
  android.permission.READ_SYNC_STATS
  android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
  android.permission.REORDER_TASKS
  android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
  android.permission.SET_TIME_ZONE
  android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER
  android.permission.SET_WALLPAPER_HINTS
  android.permission.SUBSCRIBED_FEEDS_READ
  android.permission.TRANSMIT_IR
  android.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT
  android.permission.VIBRATE
  android.permission.WAKE_LOCK
  android.permission.WRITE_SYNC_SETTINGS
  com.android.alarm.permission.SET_ALARM
  com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT
  com.android.launcher.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT

Dangerous Permissions：

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1. group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS  
2.   permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS  
3.   permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS      
4.   permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS  
5.   
6. group:android.permission-group.PHONE  
7.   permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG  
8.   permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE   
9.   permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE  
10.   permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG  
11.   permission:android.permission.USE_SIP  
12.   permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS  
13.   permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL  
14.   
15. group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR  
16.   permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR  
17.   permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR  
18.   
19. group:android.permission-group.CAMERA  
20.   permission:android.permission.CAMERA  
21.   
22. group:android.permission-group.SENSORS  
23.   permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS  
24.   
25. group:android.permission-group.LOCATION  
26.   permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION  
27.   permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION  
28.   
29. group:android.permission-group.STORAGE  
30.   permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE  
31.   permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE  
32.   
33. group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE  
34.   permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO  
35.   
36. group:android.permission-group.SMS  
37.   permission:android.permission.READ_SMS  
38.   permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH  
39.   permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS  
40.   permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS  
41.   permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS  
42.   permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS  

  group:android.permission-group.CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
    permission:android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS    
    permission:android.permission.READ_CONTACTS

  group:android.permission-group.PHONE
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE 
    permission:android.permission.CALL_PHONE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
    permission:android.permission.USE_SIP
    permission:android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
    permission:com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL

  group:android.permission-group.CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR

  group:android.permission-group.CAMERA
    permission:android.permission.CAMERA

  group:android.permission-group.SENSORS
    permission:android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

  group:android.permission-group.LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
    permission:android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

  group:android.permission-group.STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
    permission:android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

  group:android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
    permission:android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO

  group:android.permission-group.SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_SMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
    permission:android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
    permission:android.permission.SEND_SMS
    permission:android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

可以看到Dangerous Permissions是按照组来分类的，如果申请了一组的其中一个权限，那么默认会获得该组的所有权限的使用。

申请的流程

1.在AndroidManifest里面配置需要的权限，无论是普通的还是特殊的权限都需要在这里配置。

2.检查权限，如果没有权限则申请

3.给用户申请权限的解释，这个方法只会在第一次用户拒绝授权，再次去申请这个的权限时会用到

4.申请相应的权限

5.处理申请权限的回调，在这里获得哪些授权成功哪些失败，处理需要的逻辑

具体的例子

下面的例子是获取用户的写外部存储器和打电话的权限

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1. public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {  
2.   
3.     @Override  
4.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
5.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
6.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);  
7.   
8.         if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)  
9.                 != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//未获取权限  
10.             if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)) {  
11.                 //当用户第一次申请拒绝时，再次申请该权限调用  
12.                 Toast.makeText(this, “拨打电话权限”, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
13.             }  
14.             //申请权限  
15.             ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, 0x01);  
16.         } else {//已经获得了权限  
17.             call();  
18.         }  
19.     }  
20.   
21.     private void call() {  
22.         Toast.makeText(this, “打电话”, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
23.     }  
24.   
25.     @Override  
26.     public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {  
27.         super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);  
28.         if (requestCode == 0x01) {  
29.             if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//授权成功  
30.                 call();  
31.             } else {//授权失败  
32.                 Toast.makeText(this, “获取权限失败”, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
33.             }  
34.         }  
35.     }  
36. }  

public class Main2Activity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main2);

        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//未获取权限
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)) {
                //当用户第一次申请拒绝时，再次申请该权限调用
                Toast.makeText(this, "拨打电话权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
            //申请权限
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, 0x01);
        } else {//已经获得了权限
            call();
        }
    }

    private void call() {
        Toast.makeText(this, "打电话", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (requestCode == 0x01) {
            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//授权成功
                call();
            } else {//授权失败
                Toast.makeText(this, "获取权限失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }
}

封装的三方库——EasyPermissions

这个用于权限的申请，使用起来十分的简单

导入

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1. compile ‘pub.devrel:easypermissions:0.1.5’  

compile 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:0.1.5'

使用很简单，代码中都有注释，都能看懂

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1. public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks {  
2.   
3.     private static final String TAG = “lzy”;  
4.   
5.     @Override  
6.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
7.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
8.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
9.         //所要申请的权限  
10.         String[] perms = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE};  
11.           
12.         if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {//检查是否获取该权限  
13.             Log.i(TAG, ”已获取权限”);  
14.         } else {  
15.             //第二个参数是被拒绝后再次申请该权限的解释  
16.             //第三个参数是请求码  
17.             //第四个参数是要申请的权限  
18.             EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, “必要的权限”, 0, perms);  
19.         }  
20.     }  
21.   
22.     @Override  
23.     public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {  
24.         super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);  
25.         //把申请权限的回调交由EasyPermissions处理  
26.         EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);  
27.     }  
28.   
29.     //下面两个方法是实现EasyPermissions的EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks接口  
30.     //分别返回授权成功和失败的权限  
31.     @Override  
32.     public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> perms) {  
33.         Log.i(TAG, ”获取成功的权限” + perms);  
34.     }  
35.   
36.     @Override  
37.     public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> perms) {  
38.         Log.i(TAG, ”获取失败的权限” + perms);  
39.     }  
40. }  

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks {

    private static final String TAG = "lzy";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //所要申请的权限
        String[] perms = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE};

        if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {//检查是否获取该权限
            Log.i(TAG, "已获取权限");
        } else {
            //第二个参数是被拒绝后再次申请该权限的解释
            //第三个参数是请求码
            //第四个参数是要申请的权限
            EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, "必要的权限", 0, perms);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        //把申请权限的回调交由EasyPermissions处理
        EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
    }

    //下面两个方法是实现EasyPermissions的EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks接口
    //分别返回授权成功和失败的权限
    @Override
    public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> perms) {
        Log.i(TAG, "获取成功的权限" + perms);
    }

    @Override
    public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> perms) {
        Log.i(TAG, "获取失败的权限" + perms);
    }
}