RabbitMQ系列教程（十二）RabbitMQ死信队列(Dead Letter Exchanges)

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 18:10:05 发布

warybee

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 18:10:05 发布

阅读量1.8k

点赞数

分类专栏： RabbitMQ系列教程文章标签： RabbitMQ 死信队列 RabbitMQ DLX

欢迎各位转载，转载请在文章页面中给出作者和原文链接！谢谢您配合

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/warybee/article/details/103167519

版权

RabbitMQ系列教程专栏收录该内容

16 篇文章 14 订阅

订阅专栏

1. 死信队列(Dead Letter Exchanges)

当消息在一个队列中变为死信后，它被重新发送到另一个Exchange。

2. 在什么情况下会出现死信

消息未被签收，在消费端使用了 basic.reject 或 basic.nack ，并且requeue设置为false
消息过期（TTL）
消息队列达到了最大长度

3. 实际应用

当RabbitMQ出现死信，可能会导致业务逻辑错误，比如下订单后修改库存操作，在下单后因为某种原因，发送的消息未被签收，这时库存数据会出现不一致。有死信队列之后我们就可以监听死信队列，来处理业务逻辑。

3.1 死信队列设置

声明队列，添加参数x-dead-letter-exchange

Map<String, Object> agruments = new HashMap<String, Object>();
agruments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", "dlx.exchange");
//这个agruments属性，要设置到声明队列上
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, agruments);

死信队列，是一个普通的Exchange和queue，需要设置死信Exchange和queue，并进行绑定

/要进行死信队列的声明:
		channel.exchangeDeclare("dlx.exchange", "topic", true, false, null);
		channel.queueDeclare("dlx.queue", true, false, false, null);
		//可以匹配任意routeKey
		channel.queueBind("dlx.queue", "dlx.exchange", "#");

4 代码实现

生产端

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
		connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
		connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
		connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
		
		Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
		Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
		
		String exchange = "test_dlx_exchange";
		String routingKey = "dlx.test";
		
		String msg = "RabbitMQ DLX Message test";
		
		for(int i =0; i<1; i ++){
			
			AMQP.BasicProperties properties = new AMQP.BasicProperties.Builder()
					.deliveryMode(2)
					.contentEncoding("UTF-8")
					.expiration("10000") //过期时间为1秒
					.build();
			channel.basicPublish(exchange, routingKey, true, properties, msg.getBytes());
		}
		
	}

消费端

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		
		ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
		connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.11.76");
		connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
		connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
		
		Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
		Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
		
		// 这就是一个普通的交换机 和 队列 以及路由
		String exchangeName = "test_dlx_exchange";
		String routingKey = "dlx.#";
		String queueName = "test_dlx_queue";
		
		channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, "topic", true, false, null);
		
		Map<String, Object> agruments = new HashMap<String, Object>();
		agruments.put("x-dead-letter-exchange", "dlx.exchange");
		//这个agruments属性，要设置到声明队列上
		channel.queueDeclare(queueName, true, false, false, agruments);
		channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
		
		//要进行死信队列的声明:
		channel.exchangeDeclare("dlx.exchange", "topic", true, false, null);
		channel.queueDeclare("dlx.queue", true, false, false, null);
		//可以匹配任意routeKey
		channel.queueBind("dlx.queue", "dlx.exchange", "#");
	   channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, new DefaultConsumer(channel) {

                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                    System.out.println("接收到消息：："+new String(body));
                }
            });
		
		
	}