RabbitMQ系列教程（四）RabbitMQ Exchange类型之Topic Exchange

RabbitMQ 四种Exchange类型

• RabbitMQ Exchange类型之Direct Exchange
• RabbitMQ Exchange类型之Topic Exchange
• RabbitMQ Exchange类型之fanout Exchange
• RabbitMQ Exchange类型之headers Exchange

1. Topic Exchange介绍

多对多正则匹配，所有发送到Topic Exchange的消息被转发到匹配的RouteKey中指定Topic的Queue。
其中符号#匹配一个或多个词，符号*只能匹配其后面的一个词，比如：

user.#  # 可以匹配到 user.add  user.add.batch
user.* # 只能匹配到 user.add ，不能匹配到 user.add.batch

下图说明 Topic Exchange工作原理

2. Java代码实现

• 生产者代码

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //1 创建ConnectionFactory
        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        //设置虚拟主机
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
        //创建Connection
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
        //创建Channel
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //交换机名称
        String exchangeName = "test_topic_exchange";
        // routingKey
        String routingKey1 = "user.topic.save";
        String routingKey2 = "user.topic.update";
        String routingKey3 = "user.topic.del";
        //发送消息
        String msg = "RabbitMQ Topic Exchange  TEST";
        channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey1, null , msg.getBytes());
        channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey2, null , msg.getBytes());
        channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey3, null , msg.getBytes());
    }

• 消费者代码

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

        ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory() ;

        connectionFactory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
        connectionFactory.setUsername("guest");
        connectionFactory.setPassword("guest");
        connectionFactory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);
        connectionFactory.setNetworkRecoveryInterval(3000);
        Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();

        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
        //交换机名称
        String exchangeName = "test_topic_exchange";
        //交换机类型
        String exchangeType = "topic";
        //消息队列名称
        String queueName = "test_topic_queue";
        //配置所有以user.开头的消息
        String routingKey = "user.#";

        //声明交换机
        channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, exchangeType, true, false, false, null);
        //表示一个队列
        channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);
        //建立Exchange 和Queue绑定关系
        channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);


        //参数说明：队列名称、是否自动ACK、DefaultConsumer(消费者)
            channel.basicConsume(queueName, true,new DefaultConsumer(channel){
                @Override
                public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties,
                                           byte[] body) throws IOException {

                    System.out.println("收到消息："+new String(body));
                }
            });
    }

依次启动消费者和生产者 ，在消费者控制台可以看到接收到消息的输出

同时在RabbitMQ管理平台，可以看到除了默认的Exchange，还有一个我们自己的Exchange：test_topic_exchange类型为topic

点击名称Exchange名称可以查看绑定其绑定关系

RabbitMQ系列文章目录

1、RabbitMQ Windows/CentOS7平台安装手册
2、RabbitMQ中一些重要概念
3、RabbitMQ Exchange类型之Direct Exchange
4、RabbitMQ Exchange类型之Topic Exchange
5、RabbitMQ Exchange类型之fanout Exchange
6、RabbitMQ Exchange类型之headers Exchang
7、Confirm消息确认机制
8、RabbitMQ中ReturnListener的使用
9、RabbitMQ消费端限流
10、ACK确认机制与消息补偿
11、RabbitMQ队列/消息的生存时间（Time-To-Live）
12、RabbitMQ死信队列(Dead Letter Exchanges)
13、Spring AMQP API详解
14、Spring Boot整合RabbitMQ