1. 首先安装NVIADIA的最新显卡驱动
到NVIADIA的官网下载
http://www.nvidia.cn/page/home.html
2. 安装CUDA
到CUDA的官网下载
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-zone
3. 配置VS的CUDA环境
(1)安装好后在环境变量中会自动加上CUDA的路径,不需要自己手动配置
(2)进入VS项目右键,属性->C/C++->常规->附加包含目录,添加如下路径
$(CUDA_PATH)代表环境变量的值
(3)进入VS项目右键,属性->链接器->添加库目录,添加如下:
(4)直接新建CUDA项目测试效果,如果可以则运行成功
(5)如果失败发生冲突,可以在:属性->链接器->输入->忽略待定库,添加LIBCMT
(6)如果在VS2008中添加cuda文件时,选择第三个匹配的自定义生成规则,然后在编译cu文件即可
4.配置VS的OpenCL环境
(1)在完成布置3的条件下,增加:属性->链接器->输入->添加依赖项,添加如下OpenCL.lib即可
(2)测试OpenCL的demo
核函数文件:HelloWorld.cl
__kernel void hello_kernel(__global const float *a,
__global const float *b,
__global float *result)
{
int gid = get_global_id(0);
result[gid] = a[gid] + b[gid];
}
main.cpp文件:main.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <OpenCL/cl.h>
#else
#include <CL/cl.h>
#endif
const int ARRAY_SIZE = 1000;
// 选择平台并创建上下文
cl_context CreateContext()
{
cl_int errNum;
cl_uint numPlatforms;
cl_platform_id firstPlatformId;
cl_context context = NULL;
//选择第一个可用的平台
errNum = clGetPlatformIDs(1, &firstPlatformId, &numPlatforms);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS || numPlatforms <= 0)
{
std::cerr << "Failed to find any OpenCL platforms." << std::endl;
return NULL;
}
// 创建一个opencl上下文,成功则使用GUP上下文,否则使用cpu
cl_context_properties contextProperties[] =
{
CL_CONTEXT_PLATFORM,
(cl_context_properties)firstPlatformId,
0
};
context = clCreateContextFromType(contextProperties, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU,
NULL, NULL, &errNum);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
std::cout << "Could not create GPU context, trying CPU..." << std::endl;
context = clCreateContextFromType(contextProperties, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU,
NULL, NULL, &errNum);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
std::cerr << "Failed to create an OpenCL GPU or CPU context." << std::endl;
return NULL;
}
}
return context;
}
//选择第一个可用的设备并创建一个命令队列
cl_command_queue CreateCommandQueue(cl_context context, cl_device_id *device)
{
cl_int errNum;
cl_device_id *devices;
cl_command_queue commandQueue = NULL;
size_t deviceBufferSize = -1;
//这个clGetContextInfo获得设备缓冲区的大小
errNum = clGetContextInfo(context, CL_CONTEXT_DEVICES, 0, NULL, &deviceBufferSize);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
std::cerr << "Failed call to clGetContextInfo(...,GL_CONTEXT_DEVICES,...)";
return NULL;
}
if (deviceBufferSize <= 0)
{
std::cerr << "No devices available.";
return NULL;
}
//为设备缓冲区分配内存,这个clGetContextInfo用来获得上下文中所有可用的设备
devices = new cl_device_id[deviceBufferSize / sizeof(cl_device_id)];
errNum = clGetContextInfo(context, CL_CONTEXT_DEVICES, deviceBufferSize, devices, NULL);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
delete[] devices;
std::cerr << "Failed to get device IDs";
return NULL;
}
char deviceName[512];
char deviceVendor[512];
char deviceVersion[512];
errNum = clGetDeviceInfo(devices[0], CL_DEVICE_VENDOR, sizeof(deviceVendor),
deviceVendor, NULL);
errNum |= clGetDeviceInfo(devices[0], CL_DEVICE_NAME, sizeof(deviceName),
deviceName, NULL);
errNum |= clGetDeviceInfo(devices[0], CL_DEVICE_VERSION, sizeof(deviceVersion),
deviceVersion, NULL);
printf("OpenCL Device Vendor = %s, OpenCL Device Name = %s, OpenCL Device Version = %s\n", deviceVendor, deviceName, deviceVersion);
// 在这个例子中,我们只选择第一个可用的设备。在实际的程序,你可能会使用所有可用的设备或基于OpenCL设备查询选择性能最高的设备
commandQueue = clCreateCommandQueue(context, devices[0], 0, NULL);
if (commandQueue == NULL)
{
delete[] devices;
std::cerr << "Failed to create commandQueue for device 0";
return NULL;
}
*device = devices[0];
delete[] devices;
return commandQueue;
}
//从磁盘加载内核源文件并创建一个程序对象
cl_program CreateProgram(cl_context context, cl_device_id device, const char* fileName)
{
cl_int errNum;
cl_program program;
std::ifstream kernelFile(fileName, std::ios::in);
if (!kernelFile.is_open())
{
std::cerr << "Failed to open file for reading: " << fileName << std::endl;
return NULL;
}
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << kernelFile.rdbuf();
std::string srcStdStr = oss.str();
const char *srcStr = srcStdStr.c_str();
//创建程序对象
program = clCreateProgramWithSource(context, 1,
(const char**)&srcStr,
NULL, NULL);
if (program == NULL)
{
std::cerr << "Failed to create CL program from source." << std::endl;
return NULL;
}
//编译内核源代码
errNum = clBuildProgram(program, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
// 编译失败可以通过clGetProgramBuildInfo获取日志
char buildLog[16384];
clGetProgramBuildInfo(program, device, CL_PROGRAM_BUILD_LOG,
sizeof(buildLog), buildLog, NULL);
std::cerr << "Error in kernel: " << std::endl;
std::cerr << buildLog;
clReleaseProgram(program);
return NULL;
}
return program;
}
//创建内存对象
bool CreateMemObjects(cl_context context, cl_mem memObjects[3],
float *a, float *b)
{
//创建内存对象
memObjects[0] = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_ONLY | CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR,
sizeof(float)* ARRAY_SIZE, a, NULL);
memObjects[1] = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_ONLY | CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR,
sizeof(float)* ARRAY_SIZE, b, NULL);
memObjects[2] = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE,
sizeof(float)* ARRAY_SIZE, NULL, NULL);
if (memObjects[0] == NULL || memObjects[1] == NULL || memObjects[2] == NULL)
{
std::cerr << "Error creating memory objects." << std::endl;
return false;
}
return true;
}
//清理任何创建OpenCL的资源
void Cleanup(cl_context context, cl_command_queue commandQueue,
cl_program program, cl_kernel kernel, cl_mem memObjects[3])
{
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
{
if (memObjects[i] != 0)
clReleaseMemObject(memObjects[i]);
}
if (commandQueue != 0)
clReleaseCommandQueue(commandQueue);
if (kernel != 0)
clReleaseKernel(kernel);
if (program != 0)
clReleaseProgram(program);
if (context != 0)
clReleaseContext(context);
}
//主函数
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
cl_context context = 0;
cl_command_queue commandQueue = 0;
cl_program program = 0;
cl_device_id device = 0;
cl_kernel kernel = 0;
cl_mem memObjects[3] = { 0, 0, 0 };
cl_int errNum;
// 创建opencl上下文和第一个可用平台
context = CreateContext();
if (context == NULL)
{
std::cerr << "Failed to create OpenCL context." << std::endl;
return 1;
}
// 在创建的一个上下文中选择第一个可用的设备并创建一个命令队列
commandQueue = CreateCommandQueue(context, &device);
if (commandQueue == NULL)
{
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
// 创建一个程序对象 HelloWorld.cl kernel source
program = CreateProgram(context, device, "HelloWorld.cl");
if (program == NULL)
{
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
// 创建内核
kernel = clCreateKernel(program, "hello_kernel", NULL);
if (kernel == NULL)
{
std::cerr << "Failed to create kernel" << std::endl;
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
// 创建一个将用作参数内核内存中的对象。首先创建将被用来将参数存储到内核主机存储器阵列
float result[ARRAY_SIZE];
float a[ARRAY_SIZE];
float b[ARRAY_SIZE];
for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++)
{
a[i] = (float)i;
b[i] = (float)(i * 2);
}
if (!CreateMemObjects(context, memObjects, a, b))
{
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
// 设置内核参数、执行内核并读回结果
errNum = clSetKernelArg(kernel, 0, sizeof(cl_mem), &memObjects[0]);
errNum |= clSetKernelArg(kernel, 1, sizeof(cl_mem), &memObjects[1]);
errNum |= clSetKernelArg(kernel, 2, sizeof(cl_mem), &memObjects[2]);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
std::cerr << "Error setting kernel arguments." << std::endl;
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
size_t globalWorkSize[1] = { ARRAY_SIZE };//让之等于数组的大小
size_t localWorkSize[1] = { 1 }; //让之等于1
// 利用命令队列使将在设备执行的内核排队
errNum = clEnqueueNDRangeKernel(commandQueue, kernel, 1, NULL,
globalWorkSize, localWorkSize,
0, NULL, NULL);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
std::cerr << "Error queuing kernel for execution." << std::endl;
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
std::cout << "Executed program succesfully." << std::endl;
// Read the output buffer back to the Host
errNum = clEnqueueReadBuffer(commandQueue, memObjects[2], CL_TRUE,
0, ARRAY_SIZE * sizeof(float), result,
0, NULL, NULL);
if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS)
{
std::cerr << "Error reading result buffer." << std::endl;
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 1;
}
//输出结果
for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++)
{
std::cout << result[i] << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << "Executed program succesfully." << std::endl;
Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects);
return 0;
}
配置成功则运行成功如下: