18 NESMA 功能组合效应 案例研究

18 COMBINATION EFFECTS WITH FUNCTIONS（功能组合效应）

译文

18.1 单一组合选项

问题描述

用户具有可用于计算和打印保险费的屏幕。

屏幕上有如下选项：

1. 男性的保险费计算
2. 女性的保险费计算

用户可以选中其中一个选项，或者同时选中两个选项。

假设男性的报告与女性的报告具有不同的逻辑布局和/或逻辑处理。此外，当两个选项都被选中时，男性和女性的报告将依次打印，并以小计行、团体折扣和最终金额行结束。

在这个案例中应该计算多少个外部输出？

讨论

计算男性保费和计算女性保费的功能是独立的功能，因此，每个功能都计算一个外部输出。它们不是外部查询，因为是经过计算的。由于合并报表大于其各部分之和，因此会计算额外的外部输出。

解决方案

计算如下的外部输出：

• 为男性和女性计算两个外部输出
• 为联合报表计算一个外部输出

18.2 多种组合选项

问题描述

用户具有可用于计算和打印保险费的屏幕。
屏幕上有如下选项：

1. 男性的保险费计算
2. 女性的保险费计算
3. 孩子的保险费计算

用户可以选择1个、2个或3个选项
假设男性、女性和儿童的报告都具有不同的逻辑布局和/或不同的逻辑处理。在这里，再次连续打印选中选项的报告，并以小计行、集团折扣和最终金额行结束。

在这个案例中应该计算多少个外部输出？

讨论

用户现在可以执行以下（单独或组合）功能：
男性, 女性,孩子,男性+女性,男性+孩子,女性+孩子,男性+女性+孩子.

男性、女性和儿童的报告都是独立的、独特的外部输出。此外，当进行上述组合时，可获得的信息比单个部分的总和更多。然而，当进行组合并使用时，附加信息是作为类似逻辑处理的结果生成的。（没有不同类型的组合效应。）因此，组合总共计算一个外部输出。

注：例如，如果男性+女性+儿童组合的处理与其他组合相比有所不同，则合并报告将计算两个额外的外部输出。（见准则8.2.s.）

解决方案

计算如下的外部输出：

• 为 男性、女性、孩子 计算三个外部输出
• 为 所有的组合计算一个外部输出

原文

18.1 One combination option

Problem description

The user has a screen with which insurance premiums can be calculated and printed.

The following options appear on the screen:

1. Premium calculation for a Man
2. Premium calculation for a Woman

The user can check off one of these options, or both simultaneously.

Suppose that the report for a Man has a different logical layout and/or logical processing than the report for a Woman. Additionally, when both options have been checked, the reports Man and Woman are printed successively and conclude with a sub-total line, a group discount, and a final amount line.

How many external outputs should be counted in this case?

Discussion

The functions Calculate Premium for Man and Calculate Premium for Woman are unique functions and, so, one external output is counted for each. They are not external inquiries because calculations are made. An additional external output is counted because the combined report is more than the sum of its parts.

Solution

Count the following external outputs:

• Two external outputs for the unique choices Man and Woman
• One external output for the combined report

18.2 Multiple combination options

Problem description

The user has a screen with which insurance premiums can be calculated and printed.
The following options exist:

1. Premium calculation for a Man
2. Premium calculation for a Woman
3. Premium calculation for a Child

The user can check one, two, or three of these options.
Suppose that the reports for a Man, a Woman, and a Child each have a different logical layout and/or a different logical processing. Here, again, the reports for the checked options are printed successively and conclude with a sub-total line, a group discount, and a final-amount line.

How many external outputs should be counted in this case?

Discussion

The user can now execute the following (individual or combined) functions:
Man, Woman,Child,Man +Woman, Man+Child,Woman+Child, Man +Woman+Child.
The reports for Man, Woman, and Child are each separate and unique external outputs. When combinations of the above are made, furthermore, more information becomes available than the sum of the individual parts. When combinations are made and used, however, the additional information is generated as a result of similar logical processing. (There are no different kinds of combination effects.) Consequently, one external output is counted in total for the combinations.

Note: If the processing for the combination Man + Woman + Child, for example, would have been different in comparison to other combinations, then two additional external outputs would have been counted for the combined reports. (See guideline 8.2.s.)

Solution

The number of external outputs is:

• Three external outputs for the unique choices Man, Woman, and Child
• One external output for all of the combinations together