淘宝消息中间件RocketMQ的安装和简单使用
RocketMQ是什么?
RocketMQ是一款分布式、队列模型的消息中间件,具有以下特点:
能够保证严格的消息顺序
提供丰富的消息拉取模式
高效的订阅者水平扩展能力
实时的消息订阅机制
亿级消息堆积能力
RocketMQ是alibaba开源的java消息中间件。在github上开源,项目同时也在oschina上。地址:https://git.oschina.net/vintagewang/RocketMQ/
下载RocketMQ3.0.8 最新的是3.1.0 试了好多次,编译怎么都不行啊。
果断使用了3.0.8
https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ/archive/v3.0.8.zip 本人机器有点问题git居然安装不上(纳闷啊)直接下的zip包。
解压开来,找到项目中pom.xml并且把其中的
<parent>
<groupId>com.taobao</groupId>
<artifactId>parent</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
</parent>
给注释掉,不然弄死不能编译的,我可是折腾了好久好久啊,这是由于阿里开源不彻底导致的。
下面开始编译吧。cmd控制台进到解压文件夹的pom.xml目录 执行
mvn -Dmaven.test.skip=true clean package install assembly:assembly -U 或者直接运行根目录下的install.cmd 推荐控制台运行,能直观的看到错误信息。install.cmd出错了控制台就没了。注释了parent之后应该就不报错了。等待它去网上下载完的jar包,并且编译完吧。
编译完成之后,根目录下回多出来一个叫target的目录,将里面的alibaba-rocketmq-3.0.8文件夹拷贝到你的安装盘符下吧,
命令行进入到${alibaba-rocketmq-3.0.8}/bin 输入start mqnamesrv.exe 会弹出一个信息窗口,记录的是日志也可以写到文件中 后面接着写 >${你的日志存放目录} ,在日志文件中看到The name Server boot success 说明启动成功了,输入jps -v 检测
2636 -Djava.ext.dirs=F:\taobao\alibaba-rocketmq-3.0.8\alibaba-rocketmq\bin/../lib-Drocketmq.home.dir=F:\taobao\alibaba-rocketmq-3.0.8\alibaba-rocketmq\bin/..-XX:MaxNewSize=512M -XX:MaxPermSize=128M -XX:NewSize=256M -XX:PermSize=128M -Xms512m -Xmx1g exit abort
启动borker start mqbroker.exe -n 127.0.0.1:9876 同样的弹出一个窗口 看到success表示成功了,文件日志同上。
Java操作列子,来自开源项目中。
建立一个普通的maven项目
Pom中加入如下配置
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId> <version>3.0.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-all</artifactId> <version>3.0.8</version> <type>pom</type> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
消息生产者
package rocketmq_test.test;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.producer.SendResult;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.Message;
public class Producer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MQClientException,
InterruptedException{
/**
* 一个应用创建一个Producer,由应用来维护此对象,可以设置为全局对象或者单例<br>
* 注意:ProducerGroupName需要由应用来保证唯一<br>
* ProducerGroup这个概念发送普通的消息时,作用不大,但是发送分布式事务消息时,比较关键,
* 因为服务器会回查这个Group下的任意一个Producer
*/
final DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("ProducerGroupName");
producer.setNamesrvAddr("127.0.0.1:9876");
producer.setInstanceName("Producer");
/**
* Producer对象在使用之前必须要调用start初始化,初始化一次即可<br>
* 注意:切记不可以在每次发送消息时,都调用start方法
*/
producer.start();
/**
* 下面这段代码表明一个Producer对象可以发送多个topic,多个tag的消息。
* 注意:send方法是同步调用,只要不抛异常就标识成功。但是发送成功也可会有多种状态,<br>
* 例如消息写入Master成功,但是Slave不成功,这种情况消息属于成功,但是对于个别应用如果对消息可靠性要求极高,<br>
* 需要对这种情况做处理。另外,消息可能会存在发送失败的情况,失败重试由应用来处理。
*/
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++){
try {
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest1",// topic
"TagA",// tag
"OrderID001",// key
("Hello MetaQA").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest2",// topic
"TagB",// tag
"OrderID0034",// key
("Hello MetaQB").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest3",// topic
"TagC",// tag
"OrderID061",// key
("Hello MetaQC").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(1000);
}
/**
* 应用退出时,要调用shutdown来清理资源,关闭网络连接,从MetaQ服务器上注销自己
* 注意:我们建议应用在JBOSS、Tomcat等容器的退出钩子里调用shutdown方法
*/
//producer.shutdown();
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
producer.shutdown();
}
}));
System.exit(0);
}
}
消费者处理消息
package rocketmq_test.test;
import java.util.List;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.DefaultMQPushConsumer;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyContext;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.MessageListenerConcurrently;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.MessageExt;
public class Consumer {
/**
* 当前例子是PushConsumer用法,使用方式给用户感觉是消息从RocketMQ服务器推到了应用客户端。<br>
* 但是实际PushConsumer内部是使用长轮询Pull方式从MetaQ服务器拉消息,然后再回调用户Listener方法<br>
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,
MQClientException{
/**
* 一个应用创建一个Consumer,由应用来维护此对象,可以设置为全局对象或者单例<br>
* 注意:ConsumerGroupName需要由应用来保证唯一
*/
DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer(
"ConsumerGroupName");
consumer.setNamesrvAddr("127.0.0.1:9876");
consumer.setInstanceName("Consumber");
/**
* 订阅指定topic下tags分别等于TagA或TagC或TagD
*/
consumer.subscribe("TopicTest1","TagA || TagC || TagD");
/**
* 订阅指定topic下所有消息<br>
* 注意:一个consumer对象可以订阅多个topic
*/
consumer.subscribe("TopicTest2","*");
consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(
List<MessageExt>msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+" Receive New Messages: " + msgs.size());
MessageExt msg = msgs.get(0);
if(msg.getTopic().equals("TopicTest1")) {
//执行TopicTest1的消费逻辑
if(msg.getTags() != null && msg.getTags().equals("TagA")) {
//执行TagA的消费
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
}else if (msg.getTags() != null
&&msg.getTags().equals("TagC")) {
//执行TagC的消费
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
}else if (msg.getTags() != null
&&msg.getTags().equals("TagD")) {
//执行TagD的消费
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
}
}else if (msg.getTopic().equals("TopicTest2")) {
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
}
return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
}
});
/**
* Consumer对象在使用之前必须要调用start初始化,初始化一次即可<br>
*/
consumer.start();
System.out.println("ConsumerStarted.");
}
}
启动消费者
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-8 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-9 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-10 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-11 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-12 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-13 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-14 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-15 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-16 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-17 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-18 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-19 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQA
ConsumeMessageThread-ConsumerGroupName-20 Receive New Messages: 1
Hello MetaQB
运行生产者,
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002715, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=2], queueOffset=4]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F00000000000027AB, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=2], queueOffset=4]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002840, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=3], queueOffset=4]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F00000000000028D5, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=3], queueOffset=4]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F000000000000296B, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=3], queueOffset=4]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002A00, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=0], queueOffset=7]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002A95, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=0], queueOffset=7]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002B2B, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=0], queueOffset=7]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002BC0, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=1], queueOffset=7]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002C55, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=1], queueOffset=7]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002CEB, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=1], queueOffset=7]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002D80, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=2], queueOffset=5]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002E15, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=2], queueOffset=5]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002EAB, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=2], queueOffset=5]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002F40, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=3], queueOffset=5]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000002FD5, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=3], queueOffset=5]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F000000000000306B, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=3], queueOffset=5]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000003100, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=0], queueOffset=8]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000003195, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=0], queueOffset=8]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F000000000000322B, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=0], queueOffset=8]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F00000000000032C0, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest1, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=1], queueOffset=8]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F0000000000003355, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest2, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=1], queueOffset=8]
SendResult [sendStatus=SEND_OK, msgId=C0A8490100002A9F00000000000033EB, messageQueue=MessageQueue [topic=TopicTest3, brokerName=E97M3HS2ANMGCSZ, queueId=1], queueOffset=8]
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