一、简介
RocketMQ的前身是Metaq,当 Metaq 3.0发布时,产品名称改为RocketMQ
MetaQ2.x版本由于依赖了alibaba公司内部其他系统,对于公司外部用户使用不够友好,推荐使用3.0版本。
项目地址: https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ
二、安装RocketMQ
安装RocketMQ需要jdk1.6, maven,git环境
如果本机没有安装git,请使用如下命令安装
yum install git
具体安装步骤可以参考 RocketMQ 项目组给出的步骤,参见:
https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ/wiki/Quick-Start
git clone https://github.com/alibaba/RocketMQ.git
cd RocketMQ
sh install.sh
cd devenv
安装完成后,因为install.sh脚本中创建devenv 符号链接写错了目录,需要在RocketMQ目录下执行如下命令:
rm -rf devenv
ln -s target/alibaba-rocketmq-3.0.7/alibaba-rocketmq devenv
启动RocketMQ
cd devenv/bin
nohup sh mqnamesrv &
nohup sh mqbroker -n "192.168.230.128:9876" &
more nohup.out
如果显示:
The Name Server boot success.
The broker[vdata.kt, 192.168.230.128:10911] boot success.
则NameServer,Broker启动成功
三、在eclipse中开发测试
1.创建一个maven项目,其pom.xml的内容见pom.xml
2. 编写消息产生者Producer,见Producer.java
3.编写消息消费者Consumer,见PushConsumer.java
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.catt</groupId> <artifactId>RocketMQTest</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>RocketMQTest</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-client</artifactId> <version>3.0.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.rocketmq</groupId> <artifactId>rocketmq-all</artifactId> <version>3.0.7</version> <type>pom</type> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
Producer.java
默认情况下,一台服务器只能启动一个Producer或Consumer实例,所以如果需要在一台服务器启动多个实例,需要设置实例的名称
producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.230.128:9876");
producer.setInstanceName("Producer");
package com.catt.rocketmq.example;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.producer.SendResult;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.Message;
public class Producer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MQClientException,
InterruptedException {
/**
* 一个应用创建一个Producer,由应用来维护此对象,可以设置为全局对象或者单例<br>
* 注意:ProducerGroupName需要由应用来保证唯一<br>
* ProducerGroup这个概念发送普通的消息时,作用不大,但是发送分布式事务消息时,比较关键,
* 因为服务器会回查这个Group下的任意一个Producer
*/
DefaultMQProducer producer = new DefaultMQProducer("ProducerGroupName");
producer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.230.128:9876");
producer.setInstanceName("Producer");
/**
* Producer对象在使用之前必须要调用start初始化,初始化一次即可<br>
* 注意:切记不可以在每次发送消息时,都调用start方法
*/
producer.start();
/**
* 下面这段代码表明一个Producer对象可以发送多个topic,多个tag的消息。
* 注意:send方法是同步调用,只要不抛异常就标识成功。但是发送成功也可会有多种状态,<br>
* 例如消息写入Master成功,但是Slave不成功,这种情况消息属于成功,但是对于个别应用如果对消息可靠性要求极高,<br>
* 需要对这种情况做处理。另外,消息可能会存在发送失败的情况,失败重试由应用来处理。
*/
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
try {
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest1",// topic
"TagA",// tag
"OrderID001",// key
("Hello MetaQ").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest2",// topic
"TagB",// tag
"OrderID0034",// key
("Hello MetaQ").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
{
Message msg = new Message("TopicTest3",// topic
"TagC",// tag
"OrderID061",// key
("Hello MetaQ").getBytes());// body
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(msg);
System.out.println(sendResult);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(1000);
}
/**
* 应用退出时,要调用shutdown来清理资源,关闭网络连接,从MetaQ服务器上注销自己
* 注意:我们建议应用在JBOSS、Tomcat等容器的退出钩子里调用shutdown方法
*/
producer.shutdown();
}
}
PushConsumer.java
package com.catt.rocketmq.example;
import java.util.List;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.DefaultMQPushConsumer;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyContext;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.consumer.listener.MessageListenerConcurrently;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException;
import com.alibaba.rocketmq.common.message.MessageExt;
public class PushConsumer {
/**
* 当前例子是PushConsumer用法,使用方式给用户感觉是消息从RocketMQ服务器推到了应用客户端。<br>
* 但是实际PushConsumer内部是使用长轮询Pull方式从MetaQ服务器拉消息,然后再回调用户Listener方法<br>
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,
MQClientException {
/**
* 一个应用创建一个Consumer,由应用来维护此对象,可以设置为全局对象或者单例<br>
* 注意:ConsumerGroupName需要由应用来保证唯一
*/
DefaultMQPushConsumer consumer = new DefaultMQPushConsumer(
"ConsumerGroupName");
consumer.setNamesrvAddr("192.168.230.128:9876");
consumer.setInstanceName("Consumber");
/**
* 订阅指定topic下tags分别等于TagA或TagC或TagD
*/
consumer.subscribe("TopicTest1", "TagA || TagC || TagD");
/**
* 订阅指定topic下所有消息<br>
* 注意:一个consumer对象可以订阅多个topic
*/
consumer.subscribe("TopicTest2", "*");
consumer.registerMessageListener(new MessageListenerConcurrently() {
/**
* 默认msgs里只有一条消息,可以通过设置consumeMessageBatchMaxSize参数来批量接收消息
*/
@Override
public ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus consumeMessage(
List<MessageExt> msgs, ConsumeConcurrentlyContext context) {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ " Receive New Messages: " + msgs.size());
MessageExt msg = msgs.get(0);
if (msg.getTopic().equals("TopicTest1")) {
// 执行TopicTest1的消费逻辑
if (msg.getTags() != null && msg.getTags().equals("TagA")) {
// 执行TagA的消费
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
} else if (msg.getTags() != null
&& msg.getTags().equals("TagC")) {
// 执行TagC的消费
} else if (msg.getTags() != null
&& msg.getTags().equals("TagD")) {
// 执行TagD的消费
}
} else if (msg.getTopic().equals("TopicTest2")) {
System.out.println(new String(msg.getBody()));
}
return ConsumeConcurrentlyStatus.CONSUME_SUCCESS;
}
});
/**
* Consumer对象在使用之前必须要调用start初始化,初始化一次即可<br>
*/
consumer.start();
System.out.println("Consumer Started.");
}
}