HDU 1686 Oulipo(统计模板串在待匹配串中出现的次数)

Problem Description

The French author Georges Perec (1936–1982) once wrote a book, La disparition, without the letter 'e'. He was a member of the Oulipo group. A quote from the book:

Tout avait Pair normal, mais tout s’affirmait faux. Tout avait Fair normal, d’abord, puis surgissait l’inhumain, l’affolant. Il aurait voulu savoir où s’articulait l’association qui l’unissait au roman : stir son tapis, assaillant à tout instant son imagination, l’intuition d’un tabou, la vision d’un mal obscur, d’un quoi vacant, d’un non-dit : la vision, l’avision d’un oubli commandant tout, où s’abolissait la raison : tout avait l’air normal mais…

Perec would probably have scored high (or rather, low) in the following contest. People are asked to write a perhaps even meaningful text on some subject with as few occurrences of a given “word” as possible. Our task is to provide the jury with a program that counts these occurrences, in order to obtain a ranking of the competitors. These competitors often write very long texts with nonsense meaning; a sequence of 500,000 consecutive 'T's is not unusual. And they never use spaces.

So we want to quickly find out how often a word, i.e., a given string, occurs in a text. More formally: given the alphabet {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'} and two finite strings over that alphabet, a word W and a text T, count the number of occurrences of W in T. All the consecutive characters of W must exactly match consecutive characters of T. Occurrences may overlap.

 

Input

The first line of the input file contains a single number: the number of test cases to follow. Each test case has the following format:

One line with the word W, a string over {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'}, with 1 ≤ |W| ≤ 10,000 (here |W| denotes the length of the string W).
One line with the text T, a string over {'A', 'B', 'C', …, 'Z'}, with |W| ≤ |T| ≤ 1,000,000.

 

Output

For every test case in the input file, the output should contain a single number, on a single line: the number of occurrences of the word W in the text T.
 

Sample Input

3
BAPC
BAPC
AZA
AZAZAZA
VERDI
AVERDXIVYERDIAN

 

Sample Output

1
3
0

 

思路：

KMP：统计模板串在待匹配串中出现的次数

 

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cstring>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
char T[1000000+100],P[10000+100];
int f[10000+100];
int cnt;//统计出现的次数
void find(char *T,char *P,int *f)
{
    int n=strlen(T);
    int m=strlen(P);
    int j=0;
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        if(j && T[i]!=P[j]) j=f[j];
        if(T[i]==P[j]) j++;
        if(j==m) //j为两串相同的长度，i为在T串中出现的位置
           cnt++;
    }
}
void getFail(char *P,int *f)
{
    int m =strlen(P);
    f[0]=f[1]=0;
    for(int i=1;i<m;i++)
    {
        int j=f[i];
        while(j && P[i]!=P[j]) j=f[j];
        f[i+1] = P[i]==P[j]?j+1:0;
    }
}
int main()
{
    int K;
    scanf("%d",&K);
    while(K--)
    {
        cnt=0;
        scanf("%s %s",P,T);
        getFail(P,f);
        find(T,P,f);
        printf("%d\n",cnt);
    }
    return 0;
}