Python桌面开发tkinter—ttk

介绍

• ttk可以理解为Tk tookit，是对tkinter的一个加强和改良，在tkinter的目录里可以找到，它是最后一个文件，大小只有50KB
• ttk对标准组件支持性很好，ttk支持原来21个组件中的11个，并且它引入了6个新组建combobox,notebook,progressbar,separator,sizegrip,treeview

Combobox下拉菜单

方法

• 创建：cbb = ttk.Combobox(root)
• 设置条目：cbb['value'] = ("迪丽热巴", "古力娜扎", "马儿扎哈")
• 设置哪个条目为默认值：com.current(1)

示例

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry('500x300')

var = tk.StringVar()
# 下拉菜单
com = ttk.Combobox(root, textvariable=var)
com.pack()
# 设置条目
com['value'] = ("迪丽热巴", "古力娜扎", "马儿扎哈")
# 设置默认值
com.current(2)
# 绑定事件
com.bind("<<ComboboxSelected>>", lambda: print(var.get()))

root.mainloop()

Treeview组件

树形结构

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("500x300")

tree = ttk.Treeview(root)
tree.pack()

# 添加一级树枝
tree0 = tree.insert("", 0, "中国", text="China", values=("F1"))
tree1 = tree.insert("", 1, "英国", text="UK", values=("F2"))
tree2 = tree.insert("", 2, "美国", text="USA", values=("F3"))

# 添加二级树枝
tree00 = tree.insert(tree_1, 0, "山东", text="中国山东", values=("F1_1"))
tree01 = tree.insert(tree_1, 1, "北京", text="中国北京", values=("F1_2"))
tree02 = tree.insert(tree_1, 2, "江西", text="中国江西", values=("F1_3"))

tree10 = tree.insert(tree_2, 0, "伦敦", text="英国伦敦", values=("F2_1"))
tree11 = tree.insert(tree_2, 1, "牛津", text="英国牛津", values=("F2_2"))
tree12 = tree.insert(tree_2, 2, "泰晤士", text="英国泰晤士", values=("F2_3"))

tree20 = tree.insert(tree_3, 0, "华盛顿州", text="华盛顿州", values=("F3_1"))
tree21 = tree.insert(tree_3, 1, "纽约州", text="纽约州", values=("F3_2"))
tree22 = tree.insert(tree_3, 2, "犹他州", text="犹他州", values=("F3_3"))

# 三级树枝
tree000 = tree.insert(tree_1_1, 0, "青岛", text="山东青岛", values=("F1_1_1"))
tree001 = tree.insert(tree_1_1, 1, "济南", text="山东济南", values=("F1_1_2"))
tree002 = tree.insert(tree_1_1, 2, "烟台", text="山东烟台", values=("F1_1_3"))

root.mainloop()

表格结构

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("500x300")

tree = ttk.Treeview(root)
tree.pack()
# 定义列
tree['columns'] = ("姓名", '年龄', '身高', '体重')
# 设置列,但此时列并不显示
tree.column('姓名', width=100)
tree.column('年龄', width=100)
tree.column('身高', width=100)
tree.column('体重', width=100)
# 设置表头
tree.heading('姓名', text='姓名-Name')
tree.heading('年龄', text='年龄-Age')
tree.heading('身高', text='身高-Height')
tree.heading('体重', text='体重-Weight')
# 添加数据
tree.insert('', 0, text="line_1", values=("迪丽热巴", "22", "178", "100"))
tree.insert('', 1, text="line_2", values=("古力娜扎", "24", "160", "105"))

root.mainloop()