目录
第一组:spread / sample / hang / export / border
第二组:determine / induce / accelerate / alternative / innovator / dietmacanism
第三组:demand / oppose / politician / executive / competent
第四组:condition / arrange / contribute / sector / alternative
第一组:spread / sample / hang / export / border
Spread(扩散)
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词根提示:来自古英语 sprǣdan,意为“展开”
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核心比喻:像在面包上涂抹果酱,让它从中心向四周蔓延
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例句
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注意:侧重“从一点到多点”;❌ 切忌用作“分配预算”(应用 allocate)。
Sample(样本,抽样)
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词根提示:拉丁语 exemplum,“例子”→“样本”
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核心比喻:像用小勺舀一口汤,尝尝味道,以此代表整锅汤
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例句
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We sampled twenty wines before choosing our favorite. 剑桥词典
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Researchers will sample the river water monthly.
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注意:量要少、代表性强;❌ 切忌用作“尝试所有用户”(应为 survey)。
Hang(悬挂)
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词根提示:源自古英语 hangian
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核心比喻:像用钩子挂画,借助支点让物体在空中静止
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例句
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He hung the portrait above the fireplace.
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They hang their coats in the hallway.
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注意:必须有支点;❌ 切忌用作“挂起决定”(应为 postpone 或 defer)。
Export(出口;输出)
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词根提示:拉丁语 ex- “出” + portare “携带”
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核心比喻:像把商品装箱运出国门
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例句
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China exports electronics worldwide.
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You can export your spreadsheet to PDF.
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注意:可以指货物或数据跨系统、跨国界;❌ 切忌用作“输出思想”(更适用 articulate)。
Border(边界)
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词根提示:源自中古法语 border “装饰边缘”
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核心比喻:像在画布四周画线,划清范围
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例句
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The river forms the border between the two countries.
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Add a decorative border around the photo.
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注意:可作名词/动词;❌ 切忌用作“为文章加框”(应为 frame 或 box)。
第二组:determine / induce / accelerate / alternative / innovator / dietmacanism
Determine(决定;测定)
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词根提示:拉丁语 de- “完全” + terminare “界定”
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核心比喻:像用尺子量出准确长度后下结论
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例句
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Scientists determined the freezing point of the solution.
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She determined to learn Japanese by next year.
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注意:强调“基于数据或强烈意志”;❌ 切忌用作“确定交通”(应为 assess 或 gauge)。
Induce(诱导;引起)
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词根提示:拉丁语 inducere “引入,带来”
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核心比喻:像给电线通电,引发灯泡发亮
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例句
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Drugs can induce sleep.
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The news induced panic among investors.
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注意:通常有外力成分;❌ 切忌用作“诱导选择”(更自然用 persuade)。
Accelerate(加速)
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词根提示:拉丁语 ad- “向” + celerare “使快”
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核心比喻:像踩下油门,让车速迅速提升
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例句
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The runner accelerated in the final stretch.
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We need to accelerate product development.
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注意:强调速率的上升;❌ 切忌用作“加速创意”(可用 boost 或 spur)。
Alternative(可选方案)
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词根提示:拉丁语 alternare “交替”
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核心比喻:像在十字路口有两条路可选
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例句
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We need an alternative route if the highway is closed.
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Solar power is an alternative energy source.
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注意:总与主选项并列;❌ 切忌单独作“另类”(应加名词,如 alternative music)。
Innovator(创新者)
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词根提示:拉丁语 innovare “创新”
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核心比喻:像发明家在黑暗中点亮新火花
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例句
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Steve Jobs was a tech innovator who changed personal computing.
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The company hires innovators to lead R&D.
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注意:强调“首创精神”;❌ 切忌用作“创新食物”(应为 creative cooking)。
Dietmacanism(饮食机制)
注:此词为合成词,可拆作 diet + mechanism
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词根提示:diet(饮食) + mechanism(机制)
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核心比喻:像机器内部齿轮协作,完成营养代谢
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例句
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Researchers study the dietmacanism behind ketogenic diets.
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Understanding dietmacanism helps optimize weight loss plans.
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注意:多用于学术语境;❌ 切忌误写为 dietmacanism pill。
第三组:demand / oppose / politician / executive / competent
Demand(需求;要求)
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词根提示:拉丁语 demandare “委托,要求”
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核心比喻:像向商家下订单,迫切想得
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例句
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There is high demand for electric cars.
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Protesters demand justice.
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注意:可作名/动;❌ 切忌用作“我需要快乐”(可说 I need happiness)。
Oppose(反对)
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词根提示:拉丁语 opponere “放在对面”
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核心比喻:像两股力量拉锯
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例句
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Many oppose the new law.
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She opposed his proposal.
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注意:强调对立;❌ 切忌用作“反对交通”(应为 resist congestion)。
Politician(政治家)
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词根提示:希腊语 polis “城邦” + 拉丁语 -ianus “人”
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核心比喻:像舞台演员,需要面对群众与对手
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例句
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The politician gave a televised speech.
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Young politicians often rely on social media.
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注意:不等于 statesman(“贤达”);❌ 切忌称运动员为 politician。
Executive(执行者;行政主管)
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词根提示:拉丁语 ex- “出” + sequi “跟随”
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核心比喻:像指挥家,把谱子上的音符变成乐声
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例句
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The Chief Executive Officer oversees company strategy.
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She holds an executive role in HR.
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注意:强调执行与管理;❌ 切忌用作“执行想法”(更自然用 implement)。
Competent(有能力的;称职的)
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词根提示:拉丁语 competere “相称,胜任”
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核心比喻:像合脚的钥匙,轻松开启门锁
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例句
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He is a competent engineer.
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The team is competent to handle the project.
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注意:强调“能胜任当前任务”;❌ 切忌拼写为 competend。
第四组:condition / arrange / contribute / sector / alternative
Condition(状况;条件)
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词根提示:拉丁语 condicio “协议,条件”
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核心比喻:像气象预报,描述天气或限制条款
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例句
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The patient’s condition improved.
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A painting is sold “as is,” condition applies.
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注意:名/动皆可;❌ 切忌用作“条件快乐”。
Arrange(安排)
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词根提示:法语 arranger “排列”
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核心比喻:像在乐谱上布局音符,编排顺序
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例句
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I’ll arrange a meeting for next Tuesday.
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She arranged flowers in the vase.
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注意:强调顺序与布局;❌ 切忌用作“安排空气”(应为 ventilate)。
Contribute(贡献;捐助)
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词根提示:拉丁语 con- “共同” + tribuere “给予”
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核心比喻:像往建筑工地搬砖,一块块累积
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例句
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Everyone contributed ideas to the project.
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He contributed $1,000 to charity.
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注意:强调合力与增益;❌ 切忌用作“贡献噪音”。
Sector(部门;领域)
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词根提示:拉丁语 sectio “切割”
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核心比喻:像把饼图分成各色扇区
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例句
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The tech sector is booming.
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This region falls in the agricultural sector.
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注意:强调分支;❌ 切忌用作“区分饮食机制”。
Alternative(可选方案)
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重复记忆:与第二组同词,可串联加深印象
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例句
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As an alternative, we could wait until spring.
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注意:同上