彩色图像，二值图像，灰度图像，不要傻傻分不清~

<pre id="best-content-300622303" class="best-text mb-10" name="code" style="white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(241, 254, 221); padding: 0px; font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace;">(一)彩色图像

每个像素通常是由红（R）、绿（G）、蓝（B）三个分量来表示的，分量介于（0，255）。

Scalar(0,0,0):黑色 Scalar（255,255,255）：白色（二）二值图像（binary image）

即图像上的每一个像素只有两种可能的取值或灰度等级状态，人们经常用黑白、B&W、单色图像表示二值图像。 
threshold(InputArray src, OutputArray dst, double thresh, double maxval, int type)

              (输入图像，输出图像，阈值，最大值，type)

其中，type:(1)THRESH_BINARY

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                                                  dst(x; y) =    maxval                 if src(x; y) > thresh
                                                                        0                          otherwise
•                  (2) THRESH_BINARY_INV   </span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                                                   dst(x; y) =     0                        if src(x; y) > thresh
                                                                     maxval                      otherwise
                   (3)THRESH_TRUNC      </span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                                                  dst(x; y) =   threshold               if src(x; y) > thresh
                                                                      src(x; y)                      otherwise
•                   (4) THRESH_TOZERO</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                                                  dst(x; y) =    src(x; y)                 if src(x; y) > thresh
                                                                          0                            otherwise
•                     (5) THRESH_TOZERO_INV
                                                 dst(x; y) =        0                         if src(x; y) > thresh
                                                                     src(x; y)                       otherwise</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">（三）灰度图像（gray image）</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">每个像素只有一个采样颜色的图像，这类图像通常显示为从最暗黑色到最亮的白色的灰度。</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">灰度图像与黑白图像不同，在计算机图像领域中黑白图像只有黑色与白色两种颜色；但是，灰度图像在黑色与白色之间还有许多级的颜色深度。</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">Mat image=imread("1.jpg",0);   0：即为gray的意思</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">或者</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">cvtColor(InputArray src, OutputArray dst, int code, int dstCn=0 )
</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">               (输入，输出，颜色空间转换模式，目标图像上的通道数量)</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;"></span><pre id="best-content-300622303" class="best-text mb-10" name="code" style="white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: rgb(241, 254, 221); padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">颜色空间转换模式：RGB -> GRAY ( CV_BGR2GRAY, CV_RGB2GRAY, CV_GRAY2BGR, CV_GRAY2RGB ) </span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                                RGB -> CIE XYZ.Rec 709 with D65 white point ( CV_BGR2XYZ, CV_RGB2XYZ, CV_XYZ2BGR, CV_XYZ2RGB)
</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                                RGB->YCrCb JPEG (or YCC) ( CV_BGR2YCrCb, CV_RGB2YCrCb, CV_YCrCb2BGR, CV_YCrCb2RGB )
</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                               RGB$HSV ( CV_BGR2HSV, CV_RGB2HSV, CV_HSV2BGR, CV_HSV2RGB )
</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                              RGB$HLS ( CV_BGR2HLS, CV_RGB2HLS, CV_HLS2BGR, CV_HLS2RGB ).</span>

<span style="font-family: arial, 'courier new', courier, 宋体, monospace; line-height: 24px;">                               ……</span>